Method for making metal cladded metal matrix composite wire

• US 7,131,308 B2
• Filed: 02/13/2004
• Issued: 11/07/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 02/13/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Original Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Inventors: Johnson, Douglas E., McCullough, Colin
• Primary Examiner(s): TOLAN, EDWARD THOMAS
• Application Number:
  US10/778,488
• Publication Number:
  US 20050178000A1
• Time in Patent Office: 998 Days
• Field of Search: 722/531, 722/56, 722/57, 722/58, 722/59, 722/62, 722/68, 72/46, 72/47, 427/117, 427/118, 428/378, 428/380, 428/381, 428/614
• US Class Current: 72/258
• CPC Class Codes: B21C 23/30 on continuously-operating extrusion presses
• CPC Class Codes: B21C 37/042 Manufacture of coated wire or bars
• CPC Class Codes: H01B 1/023 Alloys based on aluminium
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49117 Conductor or circuit manufacturing

Abstract

A method for forming metal-cladded metal matrix composite wires. The method associates a ductile metal cladding to the exterior surface of a metal matrix composite wire comprising a plurality of continuous, longitudinally positioned fibers in a metal matrix.

Claims

1. A method of making a metal-cladded metal matrix composite wire, the method comprising:

moving a metal matrix composite wire through a chamber, the metal matrix composite wire having an exterior surface, the metal matrix composite wire comprising;

at least one tow, wherein the tow comprises a plurality of substantially continuous fibers that are oriented longitudinally with respect to each other, the fibers comprising at least one of ceramic or carbon; and

a metal matrix, wherein each tow is positioned within the metal matrix;

associating ductile metal with the exterior surface of the metal matrix composite wire within the chamber while the temperature in the chamber is held below the melting point of the ductile metal and the pressure in the chamber is sufficient to plasticize the ductile metal; and

withdrawing the metal matrix composite wire with the associated ductile metal from the chamber under conditions that are effective to shape the associated ductile metal into a metal cladding that covers the exterior surface of the metal matrix composite wire to provide the metal-cladded metal matrix composite wire.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the ductile metal has a melting point of not greater than 1000°

C.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the ductile metal has a melting point of not greater than 700°

C.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the metal of the metal matrix composite comprises at least one of aluminum, zinc, tin, magnesium, copper, or alloys thereof.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the metal of the metal matrix composite comprises at least one of aluminum or alloys thereof.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the metal matrix composite wire comprises in a range from 40 to 70 percent by volume fiber, based on the total volume of the metal matrix composite wire.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein at least 85% by number of the fibers are substantially continuous.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the fibers are ceramic oxide fibers.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the fibers are polycrystalline, alpha alumina-based fibers.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the polycrystalline, alpha alumina-based fibers comprise at least 99% by weight Al₂O₃, based on the total metal oxide content of the respective fiber.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the ductile metal is selected from the group consisting of:

aluminum, zinc, tin, magnesium, copper, and alloys thereof.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the ductile metal is aluminum.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the associated ductile metal is shaped such that the wire is concentrically surrounded by the ductile metal.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the ductile metal covers the metal matrix composite wire to a thickness in a range from 0.2 mm to 6 mm.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein the ductile metal covers the metal matrix composite wire to a thickness in a range from 0.5 mm to 3 mm.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein the metal-cladded metal matrix composite wire has a roundness value of at least 0.95 over a length of at least 100 meters.

17. The method of claim 1, wherein the metal-cladded metal matrix composite wire has a roundness uniformity value not greater than 0.5% over a length of at least 100 meters.

18. The method of claim 1, wherein the metal-cladded metal matrix composite wire has a diameter uniformity value not greater than 0.3% over a length of at least 100 meters.

19. The method of claim 1 wherein moving a metal matrix composite wire through a chamber follows a straight-line path from a chamber entry die to a chamber exit die.

20. A method of making a metal-cladded metal matrix composite wire, the method comprising:

providing a metal matrix composite wire having an exterior surface, the metal matrix composite wire comprising;

at least one tow, wherein the tow comprises a plurality of substantially continuous fibers that are oriented longitudinally with respect to each other, the fibers comprising at least one of ceramic or carbon; and

a metal matrix, wherein each tow is positioned within the metal matrix;

associating ductile metal with the exterior surface of the metal matrix composite wire; and

manipulating the associated ductile metal under conditions that are effective to shape the associated ductile metal into metal cladding covering the exterior surface of the metal matrix composite wire to provide the metal-cladded metal matrix composite wire, wherein the metal matrix composite wire, when provided in a 300 meter long segment, exhibits a roundness value of at least 0.95.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the ductile metal has a melting point of not greater than 1000°

C.

22. The method of claim 20, wherein the ductile metal has a melting point of not greater than 700°

C.

23. The method of claim 20, wherein the metal matrix composite comprises at least one of aluminum, zinc, tin, magnesium, copper, or alloys thereof.

24. The method of claim 20, wherein the metal matrix composite comprises at least one of aluminum or alloys thereof.

25. The method of claim 20, wherein the metal matrix composite wire comprises in a range from 40 to 70 percent by volume fiber, based on the total volume of the wire.

26. The method of claim 20, wherein at least about 85% by number of the fibers are substantially continuous.

27. The method of claim 20, wherein the fibers are ceramic oxide fibers.

28. The method of claim 20, wherein the fibers are polycrystalline, alpha alumina-based fibers.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein the polycrystalline, alpha alumina-based fibers comprise at least 99% by weight Al₂O₃, based on the total metal oxide content of the respective fiber.

30. The method of claim 20, wherein the ductile metal is selected from the group consisting of:

aluminum, zinc, tin, magnesium, copper, and alloys thereof.

31. The method of claim 20, wherein the ductile metal is aluminum.

32. The method of claim 20, wherein the associated ductile metal is shaped such that the wire is concentrically surrounded by the ductile metal.

33. The method of claim 32, wherein the ductile metal covers the metal matrix composite wire to a thickness in a range from 0.2 mm to 6 mm.

34. The method of claim 32, wherein the ductile metal covers the metal matrix composite wire to a thickness in a range from 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm.

35. The method of claim 30, wherein the metal-cladded metal matrix composite wire has a length of at least 100 meters and exhibits plastic deformation.

36. The method of claim 20, wherein the metal-cladded metal matrix composite wire has a diameter uniformity value is not greater than 0.5% over a length of at least 100 meters.

37. The method of claim 20, wherein the metal-cladded metal matrix composite wire has a diameter uniformity value is not greater than 0.3% over a length of at least 100 meters.

38. The method of claim 20, wherein the ductile metal is placed in association with the exterior surface of the wire by heating the ductile metal to a temperature below the melting temperature of the ductile metal.

39. The method of claim 38, wherein pressure applied to the ductile metal whereby the ductile metal plastically coats the exterior surface of the wire.