Method and system for controlling output of RF medical generator

• US 7,137,980 B2
• Filed: 05/01/2003
• Issued: 11/21/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 10/23/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Covidien AG (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Sherwood Services AG
• Inventors: Schmaltz, Dale F., Heard, David N., Podhajsky, Ronald J., Buysse, Steven P., Shields, Chelsea, Wham, Robert H., Tetzlaff, Philip M., Schechter, David A., Keppel, David, Lawes, Kate R., Meagher, Edward C., Felton, Bret S.
• Primary Examiner(s): PEFFLEY, MICHAEL F
• Application Number:
  US10/427,832
• Publication Number:
  US 20040015163A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,300 Days
• Field of Search: 606 32- 34, 606 37- 42
• US Class Current: 606/34
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/1206 Generators therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/1442 Probes having pivoting end effectors, e.g. forceps
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/1445 at the distal end of a shaft, e.g. forceps or scissors at the end of a rigid rod
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00404 Blood vessels other than those in or around the heart
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00601 Cutting
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/0063 Sealing
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00702 Power or energy
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00726 Duty cycle
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00791 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00827 Current
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00875 Resistance or impedance
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00892 Voltage

Abstract

A closed-loop control system has a user interface for allowing a user to select at least one pre-surgical parameter. The system also has a sensor module for continually sensing at least one of electrical and physical properties proximate a surgical site and generating at least one signal and a control module for continually receiving the selected parameter from the user interface and the at least one signal from the sensor module. The system processes the signal in accordance with the parameter using at least one of a microprocessor, computer algorithm and a mapping. The control module generates a corresponding control signal relating to the signal from the sensor module, and provides the control signal to the generator. The control module has number of loop control modules with a first loop control module providing a ratio of a real time parameter value to a desired parameter value. The real time parameter value is from the signal from the sensor module. The first loop control module modulates another loop control module based in part on the ratio for controlling the generator

Claims

1. A closed-loop control system for use with an electrosurgical generator that generates electrosurgical energy including at least one pulse, said closed loop control system comprising:

a user interface which allows a user to select at least one pre-surgical parameter, said at least one pre-surgical parameter including at least one of a type of surgical instrument operatively connected to the generator, type of tissue and desired surgical effect;

a sensor module which continually senses at least one of electrical and physical properties proximate a surgical site and generating at least one signal relating thereto; and

a control module which continually receives said selected at least one pre-surgical parameter from said user interface and said at least one signal from said sensor module, and processing said at least one signal in accordance with the at least one pre-surgical parameter using at least one of a microprocessor, computer algorithm and a mapping, said control module generating at least one corresponding control signal relating to said at least one signal from said sensor module, and providing the at least one control signal to the electrosurgical generator for controlling the generator;

wherein said control module comprises a plurality of loop control modules with at least a first loop control module of said plurality of loop control modules providing a ratio between a real time parameter value and a desired parameter value;

said real time parameter value being from said at least one signal from said sensor module, and wherein said first loop control modules modulates another of said plurality of loop control modules based in part on said ratio to control the generator.

2. The closed-loop control system according to claim 1, wherein said user interface includes at least one additional sensor which automatically selects a pre-surgical parameter of the at least one pre-surgical parameter.

3. The closed-loop control system according to claim 1, wherein said at least one control signal controls said generator to adjust at least one parameter of the generated electrosurgical energy.

4. The closed-loop control system according to claim 3, wherein said at least one control signal is capable of controlling said generator to adjust voltage, current, power, pulse width, frequency, amplitude, crest factor, duty cycle, repetition rate, and wave shape of the electrosurgical energy.

5. The closed-loop control system according to claim 1, wherein the generator includes a power source, and wherein the at least one control signal includes a power control signal for controlling the power source for adjusting a magnitude of an electrical characteristic of individual pulses of at least one pulse.

6. The closed-loop control system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one control signal adjusts wave shape parameters of individual pulses of the at least one pulse.

7. The electrosurgical generator according to claim 1, wherein the at least one control signal controls at least one of repetition rate and duty cycle of the at least one pulse.

8. The closed-loop control system according to claim 1, wherein the sensor module includes at least one of a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a temperature sensor, an RMS voltage sensor, an RMS current sensor and a leakage current sensor, and the microprocessor processes signals output by the RMS voltage sensor, the RMS current sensor and the leakage current sensor for deriving respective corresponding values for RMS voltage, RMS current and leakage current.

9. The closed-loop control system according to claim 1, wherein the sensor module is capable of sensing voltage, current, temperature, RMS voltage, RMS current and leakage current, and the microprocessor processes signals output by the RMS voltage sensor, the RMS current sensor and the leakage current sensor for deriving respective corresponding values for RMS voltage, RMS current and leakage current.

10. The closed-loop control system according to claim 1, wherein the sensor module further includes a voltage sensor for sensing voltage delivered to or returned from the surgical site.

11. The closed-loop control system according to claim 1, wherein the sensor module further includes a current sensor which senses current delivered to or returned from the surgical site.

12. The closed-loop control system according to claim 1, wherein the sensor module further includes means for measuring electrical impedance.

13. The closed-loop control system according to claim 1, wherein the closed-loop control system further includes means for measuring changes in sensed temperature.

14. The closed-loop control system according to claim 1, wherein the closed-loop control system further includes means for processing information from the sensor module for determining electrical impedance at the surgical site.

15. The closed-loop control system according to claim 14, wherein the processing means measures changes in the electrical impedance.

16. The closed-loop control system according to claim 1, wherein the user interface further allows a user to enter commands for processing by the control module for controlling the electrosurgical generator to generate the energy having at least one of a target electrical parameter including at least one of voltage, current, power, frequency and amplitude;

pulse parameter including at least one of pulse width, duty cycle, crest factor and repetition rate; and

electrical parameter change in response to changes in at least one of sensed physical and electrical properties.

17. A system for electrosurgically sealing tissue, comprising an electrosurgical generator comprising an RF energy source and a controller for controlling the operation of an electrosurgical generator, said electrosurgical generator having an output for coupling to a surgical instrument comprising electrodes for coupling RF energy generated by said electrosurgical generator to tissue to be sealed;

said controller being operable for causing said electrosurgical generator to apply an initial pulse of RF energy to the tissue and for measuring a value of an electric characteristic of the tissue in response to the applied initial pulse, said controller being responsive to the measured electrical characteristic for determining an initial set of pulse parameters for a subsequent pulse and for then varying the pulse parameters of individual pulses of further subsequent RF energy pulses in accordance with a change in the electrical characteristic of the tissue;

wherein the controller is further operable for measuring an electrical and a physical characteristic of the tissue in response to the individual pulses and for then varying the pulse parameters of subsequent individual pulses in accordance with the electrical and physical characteristics of the tissue.

18. A control system to control an electrosurgical generator that generates electrosurgical energy including at least one pulse, the control system comprising:

a sensor module which senses at least one property associated with a surgical site as one of a pre-surgical condition, concurrent surgical condition or a post-surgical condition and generating at least one signal relating thereto; and

a control module executable on a processor which receives said at least one signal from said sensor module and processing said at least one signal using at least one of a computer algorithm and a mapping and generating at least one control signal in accordance with the processing, said control module providing the at least one control signal to the electrosurgical generator and being configured to control the generator, wherein said control module comprises a plurality of loop control modules with at least a first loop control module of said plurality of loop control modules providing a ratio between a real time parameter value and a desired parameter value;

said real time parameter value being from said at least one signal from said sensor module, and wherein said first loop control modules modulates another of said plurality of loop control modules based in part on said ratio to control the generator.

19. The control system according to claim 18, wherein the sensor module senses the at least one property during at least two of the pre-surgical condition, the concurrent surgical condition and the post-surgical condition.

20. The control system according to claim 18, wherein the at least one property sensed during the pre-surgical condition includes at least one of:

degree of opaqueness of tissue proximate the surgical site;

moisture content level of tissue; and

thickness of tissue.

21. The control system according to claim 18, wherein the processing includes determining type of tissue.

22. The control system according to claim 18, wherein the at least one property sensed during the concurrent surgical condition includes at least one of:

degree of opaqueness of tissue proximate the surgical site;

moisture content level of tissue;

thickness of tissue;

temperature of tissue, impedance across tissue;

current across tissue;

voltage across tissue;

power across tissue;

changes in degree of opaqueness of tissue;

changes in moisture content level of tissue;

changes in thickness of tissue;

changes in temperature of tissue;

changes in impedance across tissue;

changes in current across tissue;

changes in voltage across tissue; and

changes in power across tissue.

23. The control system according to claim 18, wherein the at least one property sensed during the post-surgical condition includes at least one of:

degree of opaqueness of tissue proximate the surgical site;

moisture content level of tissue;

thickness of tissue;

temperature of tissue; and

impedance across tissue.

24. The control system according to claim 18, wherein the control module determines quality of a tissue seal formed during the surgical procedure in accordance with the processing of the at least one signal, wherein the processed at least one signal relates to at least one of:

degree of opaqueness of tissue proximate the surgical site;

moisture content level of tissue;

thickness of tissue;

temperature of tissue;

impedance across tissue, rate of change of temperature of tissue, rate of change of impedance across tissue, and total energy delivered to tissue.

25. The control system according to claim 18, wherein the sensor module includes a light detector being configured to detect light generated by a light source and transmitted through tissue proximate the surgical site, and a proximity sensor having sensing elements, said sensing elements being between a first location and a second location of tissue, said first location and said second location being separated by a distance, said sensing elements being configured to sense said distance between said sensing elements.