Power supply method of a line interactive UPS and the line interactive UPS

• US 7,141,892 B2
• Filed: 08/20/2002
• Issued: 11/28/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 08/20/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Eaton Phoenixtec MMPL Co. Ltd. (Eaton Corporation PLC.)
• Original Assignee: Eaton Phoenixtec MMPL Co. Ltd. (Eaton Corporation PLC.)
• Inventors: Day, Norman, Dai, Guo-Feng
• Primary Examiner(s): Deberadinis, Robert L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): CAVALLARI, DANIEL J
• Application Number:
  US10/223,213
• Publication Number:
  US 20040036361A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,561 Days
• Field of Search: 307/46, 307/45, 307/44, 307/64, 307/43, 307/70, 307/80, 307/87, 307/42, 323/259
• US Class Current: 307/64
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 9/062 for AC powered loads
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0093 wherein the output is created by adding a regulated voltage to or subtracting it from an unregulated input
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 5/4585 having a rectifier with controlled elements

Abstract

A power supply method and apparatus of a line interactive UPS utilizes a bi-directional AC/AC power converter in association with the AC delta control concept. When the line voltage coupled to the AC/AC power convert exceeds high/low statuses, the UPS is operated in a line voltage conversion mode, wherein the AC/AC power converter supplies a voltage to compensated the line voltage based on the stability of the line voltage, and then the compensated stable voltage is further provided to the load so as to perform the voltage boost (step-up) and/or voltage buck (step-down).

Claims

1. A power supply method of a line interactive uninterruptible power supply (UPS) comprising the steps of:

providing a first switching unit to be coupled between a line voltage and a bi-directional AC/AC converter, wherein the first switching unit has

a first input terminal and a second input terminal respectively coupled to the line voltage; and

two output terminals;

providing a switching means to be couple to the first switching unit, the bi-directional AC/AC converter and a load, wherein the load has two ends;

determining an operating mode of the line interactive UPS from a by-pass mode, a line voltage conversion mode and a battery mode, based on the stability of a line voltage coupled to the UPS;

wherein in the by-pass mode, the line voltage is directly coupled to the load when the line voltage is stable;

wherein in the line voltage conversion mode, the line voltage is further compared with a predetermined normal voltage, if the line voltage is higher than the normal voltage, a compensation voltage with a phase that is opposite to that of the line voltage is coupled to the line voltage in series;

wherein if the line voltage is lower than the normal voltage, a compensation voltage with a phase that is the same as that of the line voltage is coupled to the line voltage in series, wherein the compensation voltage is generated by the bi-directional AC/AC power converter;

wherein in the battery mode, a DC power supply unit of the line interactive UPS provides the load with power.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the line voltage conversion mode, the frequency of the compensation voltage is the same as that of the line voltage.

3. A line interactive uninterruptible power supply (UPS), the UPS comprising:

a first switching unit with a first input terminal and a second input terminal respectively coupled to a line voltage, wherein the first switching unit has two output terminals;

a bi-directional AC/AC power converter coupled between the two output terminals of the first switching unit and a switching means, wherein a load with two ends is coupled to the switching means;

wherein when the line voltage is stable, the line voltage is directly provided to the load through the first switching unit and the switching means;

wherein when the line voltage is unstable, the bi-directional AC/AC power converter outputs a compensation voltage to couple to the line voltage in series, and then the line voltage coupled to the compensation voltage is further supplied to the load;

wherein when the line voltage is lower than a normal value, the UPS is operated in a voltage boost mode, and the compensation voltage has a phase that is the same as that of the line voltage;

otherwise when the line voltage is higher than the normal value, the UPS is operated in a voltage buck mode and the phase of the compensation voltage is opposite to that of the line voltage.

4. The line interactive UPS as claimed in claim 3, wherein the AC/AC power converter has a first input terminal, a second input terminal and an output terminal, wherein the first input terminal and the second input terminal are coupled respectively to the two output terminals of the first switching unit, and the output terminal is coupled to the switching means.

5. The line interactive UPS as claimed in claim 4, wherein the switching means comprises:

a second switching unit having two input terminals and an output terminal that is selectively switched to one of the two input terminals thereof, wherein, the two input terminals of the second switching unit are coupled respectively to the two output terminals of the first switching unit, and the output terminal of the second switching unit is connected to the load; and

a third switching unit has two input terminals and an output terminal that is selectively switched to one of the two input terminals of the third switching unit, wherein the two input terminals of the third switching unit are coupled respectively to the output terminal of the AC/AC power converter and one of two output terminals of the first switching unit, and further the output terminal of the third switching unit is connected to the load.

6. The line interactive UPS as claimed in claim 4, wherein the switching means comprises:

a second switching unit has two input terminals and an output terminal that is selectively switched to one of the two input terminals of the second switching unit, wherein the two input terminals of the second switching unit are coupled respectively to the output terminal of the AC/AC power converter and one of two output terminals of the first switching unit, and further the output terminal of the third switching unit is connected to one end of the load, wherein the other end of the load is directly coupled to the other one of two output terminals of the first switching unit.

7. The line interactive UPS as claimed in claim 3, wherein the AC/AC power converter comprises:

a first, a second and a third transistor set connected in parallel, wherein each transistor set is composed of two transistors both connected in series; and

wherein the two transistors forming the first transistor set are connected in series at a first node that is used as one input terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage through a first inductor;

wherein the two transistors forming the second transistor set are connected in series at a second node that is used as the other one input terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage;

wherein the two transistors forming the third transistor set are connected in series at a third node that is used as the output terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage through a second inductor; and

a first capacitor coupled to the first transistor set in parallel.

8. The line interactive UPS as claimed in claim 5, wherein the AC/AC power converter comprises:

a first, a second and a third transistor set connected in parallel, wherein each transistor set is composed of two transistors both connected in series; and

wherein the two transistors forming the first transistor set are connected in series at a first node that is used as one input terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage through a first inductor;

wherein the two transistors forming the second transistor set are connected in series at a second node that is used as the other one input terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage;

wherein the two transistors forming the third transistor set are connected in series at a third node that is used as the output terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage through a second inductor; and

a first capacitor coupled to the first transistor set in parallel.

9. The line interactive UPS as claimed in claim 6, wherein the AC/AC power converter comprises:

a first, a second and a third transistor set connected in parallel, wherein each transistor set is composed of two transistors both connected in series; and

wherein the two transistors forming the first transistor set are connected in series at a first node that is used as one input terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage through a first inductor;

wherein the two transistors forming the second transistor set are connected in series at a second node that is used as the other one input terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage;

wherein the two transistors forming the third transistor set are connected in series at a third node that is used as the output terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage through a second inductor; and

a first capacitor coupled to the first transistor set in parallel.

10. The line interactive UPS as claimed in claim 3, wherein the AC/AC power converter comprises:

a first transistor set, a second transistor set and a capacitor set connected in parallel, wherein each transistor set is composed of two transistors both connected in series, and the capacitor set is composed of two capacitors both connected in series;

wherein the two transistors forming the first transistor set are connected in series at a first node that is used as one input terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage through a first inductor;

wherein the two capacitors forming the capacitor set are connected in series at a second node that is used as the other one input terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage; and

wherein the two transistors forming the second transistor set are connected in series at a third node that is used as the output terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage through a second inductor.

11. The line interactive UPS as claimed in claim 5, wherein the AC/AC power converter comprises:

a first transistor set, a second transistor set and a capacitor set connected in parallel, wherein each transistor set is composed of two transistors both connected in series, and the capacitor set is composed of two capacitors both connected in series;

wherein the two transistors forming the first transistor set are connected in series at a first node that is used as one input terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage through a first inductor;

wherein the two capacitors forming the capacitor set are connected in series at a second node that is used as the other one input terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage; and

wherein the two transistors forming the second transistor set are connected in series at a third node that is used as the output terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage through a second inductor.

12. The line interactive UPS as claimed in claim 6, wherein the AC/AC power converter comprises:

a first transistor set, a second transistor set and a capacitor set connected in parallel, wherein each transistor set is composed of two transistors both connected in series, and the capacitor set is composed of two capacitors both connected in series;

wherein the two transistors forming the first transistor set are connected in series at a first node that is used as one input terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage through a first inductor;

wherein the two capacitors forming the capacitor set are connected in series at a second node that is used as the other one input terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage; and

wherein the two transistors forming the second transistor set are connected in series at a third node that is used as the output terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage through a second inductor.

13. The line interactive UPS as claimed in claim 3, wherein the AC/AC power converter comprises:

a first transistor set, a second transistor set, a third transistor set and a capacitor set all connected in parallel, wherein each transistor set is composed of two transistors both connected in series, and the capacitor set is composed of two capacitors both connected in series;

wherein the two transistors forming the first transistor set are connected in series at a first node that is used as one input terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage;

wherein the two transistors forming the second transistor set are connected in series at a second node that is used as the other one input terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage;

wherein the two transistors forming the third transistor set are connected in series at a third node that is used as the output terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage through a first inductor; and

wherein the two capacitors forming the capacitor set are connected in series at a fourth node that is connected to the second node;

a second inductor and a third inductor are provided between the first transistor set and the second transistor; and

two transistors provided between the second transistor set and the capacitor set.

14. The line interactive UPS as claimed in claim 5, wherein the AC/AC power converter comprises:

a first transistor set, a second transistor set, a third transistor set and a capacitor set all connected in parallel, wherein each transistor set is composed of two transistors both are connected in series, and the capacitor set is composed of two capacitors both connected in series;

wherein the two transistors forming the first transistor set are connected in series at a first node that is used as one input terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage;

wherein the two transistors forming the second transistor set are connected in series at a second node that is used as the other one input terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage;

wherein the two transistors forming the third transistor set are connected in series at a third node that is used as the output terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage through a first inductor; and

wherein the two capacitors forming the capacitor set are connected in series at a fourth node that is connected to the second node;

a second inductor and a third inductor are provided between the first transistor set and the second transistor; and

two transistors provided between the second transistor set and the capacitor set.

15. The line interactive UPS as claimed in claim 6, wherein the AC/AC power converter comprises:

a first transistor set, a second transistor set, a third transistor set and a capacitor set all connected in parallel, wherein each transistor set is composed of two transistors both connected in series, and the capacitor set is composed of two capacitors both connected in series;

wherein the two transistors forming the first transistor set are connected in series at a first node that is used as one input terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage;

wherein the two transistors forming the second transistor set are connected in series at a second node that is used as the other one input terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage;

wherein the two transistors forming the third transistor set are connected in series at a third node that is used as the output terminal of the AC/AC power converter to couple to the line voltage through a first inductor; and

wherein the two capacitors forming the capacitor set are connected in series at a fourth node that is connected to the second node;

a second inductor and a third inductor are provided between the first transistor set and the second transistor; and

two transistors provided between the second transistor set and the capacitor set.

16. The line interactive UPS as claimed in claim 7, wherein a DC supply unit is further coupled to the first capacitor in parallel.

17. The line interactive UPS as claimed in claim 7, wherein a DC supply unit is further provided between the first inductor and one terminal of the first capacitor.

18. The line interactive UPS as claimed in claim 10, wherein a DC supply unit is further coupled to the first transistor set in parallel.