Method and apparatus for pavement cross-slope measurement

• US 7,142,952 B2
• Filed: 03/06/2001
• Issued: 11/28/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 03/06/2000
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: James R. Mekemson, Nicolas Gagarin
• Original Assignee: James R. Mekemson, Nicolas Gagarin
• Inventors: Gagarin, Nicolas, Mekemson, James R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Black, Thomas G.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Broadhead, Brian J.
• Application Number:
  US09/799,088
• Publication Number:
  US 20020013644A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,093 Days
• Field of Search: 701/1, 701/210, 701/223, 701/37, 701/39, 701/25, 701/208, 701/214, 731/46
• US Class Current: 701/1
• CPC Class Codes: G01C 7/04 involving a vehicle which moves along the profile to be traced

Abstract

Pavement cross-slope is measured at highway speeds by mounting a ring-laser gyroscope on a vehicle and measuring deviation of the transverse slope of the vehicle. Precise laser distance measuring devices are mounted transversely with respect to the vehicle at significantly distant points to measure vehicle roll by measuring displacement of the laser distance measuring units from the pavement. The difference between at rest measurements of the laser distance measuring devices, the dynamic measurements produced by those devices and the relation of the dynamic measurement to the distance between the measurements provides the exact value of vehicle roll with respect to the pavement. That exact value of vehicle roll is compared with the ring gyro angular measurement to produce a precise measurement of pavement slope. A positional device is mounted on the vehicle for determining the position of the vehicle on the roadway. A computer is mounted on the vehicle and a recording device is mounted on the vehicle to record the precise slope of the roadway at the precise position on the pavement being measured.

Claims

1. Pavement cross-slope measuring apparatus comprising a vehicle for moving along a pavement to be measured for cross-slope, a ring-laser gyroscope mounted in the vehicle for determining slope of the vehicle with reference to an imaginary horizontal plane, first and second pavement distance measurement devices mounted on opposite sides of the vehicle for determining distance to the pavement on opposite sides of the vehicle and thereby determining vehicle roll, a computer for comparing the determined vehicle roll with the determined slope of the vehicle and for producing from the comparing slope of the pavement, a positional device mounted on the vehicle for determining position of the vehicle on the roadway, and a recording device connected to the computer and to the positional device for recording slopes and positions of the vehicle on the pavement being measured.

2. The pavement cross-slope measuring apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pavement distance measurement devices comprise precise laser distance measurement devices.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the positional device comprises a global positioning system device for determining exact global position of the vehicle, and wherein the recording device is connected to the global positioning system device.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the positional device comprises a travel distance measurement instrument connected to the vehicle for measuring distance travel by the vehicle.

5. Pavement cross-slope measuring apparatus comprising a kit for mounting on a vehicle, the kit having a ring-laser gyroscope fixable with respect to the vehicle for determining transverse slope of the vehicle with reference to an imaginary horizontal plane, first and second pavement distance measurement devices for fixing with respect to opposite sides of the vehicle for determining distance to the pavement from the distance measurement devices, a computer for connection to the pavement distance measurement devices for comparing initial distance to the pavement from each distance measurement device while a vehicle is at rest and for determining distances to the pavement of each distance measurement device when the vehicle is in motion along a pavement to be measured for cross-slope, thereby determining instantaneous vehicle roll, and for connection to the ring-laser gyroscope for comparing the slope of the vehicle with reference to an imaginary horizontal place with the instantaneous vehicle roll, and thereby determining the actual instantaneous vehicle cross-slope, a positional device for mounting on the vehicle for determining position of the vehicle on the roadway, and for connecting to the computer for coordinating instantaneous pavement cross-slope and instantaneous vehicle position on the pavement, a recording device connected to the computer for recording instantaneous cross-slopes and their exact positions on the pavement being measured for cross-slope.

6. The pavement cross-slope measuring apparatus of claim 5, wherein the pavement distance measurement devices comprise precise laser distance measurement devices.

7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the positional device comprises a global positioning system device for determining exact global position of the vehicle, and wherein the recording device is connected to the global positioning system.

8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the positional device comprises a travel distance measurement instrument connected to the vehicle for measuring distance travel by the vehicle.

9. A pavement cross-slope measuring method, comprising mounting a ring-laser gyroscope in fixed position in a vehicle, mounting pavement distance measurement devices at fixed positions on opposite sides of the vehicle, mounting a computer on the vehicle and connecting the computer to the ring-laser gyroscope and to the distance measurement devices, mounting a positional device on the vehicle, determining distance to the pavement from each of the pavement distance measurement devices while the vehicle is at rest, determining position of the vehicle while the vehicle is at rest, determining distance to the pavement from each of the pavement distance measurement devices while the vehicle is in motion, determining slope of the vehicle from the ring-laser gyroscope, comparing the slope of the vehicle with the measured distances to the pavement on opposite sides of the vehicle, and removing vehicle roll from the measured vehicle slope and thereby determining slope of the pavement, concurrently determining position of the vehicle on the pavement, and recording concurrent determined pavement slopes with determined vehicle positions.

10. The pavement cross-slope measuring method of claim 9, wherein the pavement distance measurement devices comprise precise laser distance measurement devices.

11. The method of claim 10, further comprising pointing the laser distance measurement devices from the vehicle straight down at the pavement.

12. The method of claim 9, wherein the positional device comprises a travel distance measurement instrument connected to the vehicle for measuring distance travel by the vehicle.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising connecting the positional device to a travel distance pulser attached to a transmission, speed control or automated braking system of the vehicle.

14. The method of claim 9, wherein the positional device comprises a global positioning system device for determining exact global position of the vehicle, and wherein the recording device is connected to the global positioning system.

15. The method of claim 9, further comprising sampling distance to pavement about every one-inch of vehicle travel and sampling vehicle transverse angle about 64 times per second.

16. The method of claim 9, wherein the providing a ring-laser gyroscope comprises providing an inertial navigation unit having a ring-laser gyroscope.

17. The method of claim 9, wherein the measuring of distances to the pavement comprises periodically measuring distances to the pavement, and wherein the measuring vehicle slope comprises periodically measuring vehicle slope, wherein the determining vehicle position comprises periodically determining vehicle position, coordinating with the computer the periodical measurements of pavement distances, vehicle slopes and vehicle position, and wherein the recording comprises periodically recording the pavement cross-slope and the position of the pavement cross-slope.

18. The method of claim 9, wherein the positional device comprises a global positioning system device for determining exact global position of the vehicle, and a travel distance measurement instrument connected to the vehicle for measuring distance travel by the vehicle.