Method and device for decoding a position-coding pattern

• US 7,145,556 B2
• Filed: 10/29/2002
• Issued: 12/05/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 10/29/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Anoto Group AB
• Original Assignee: Anoto Group AB
• Inventors: Pettersson, Mats Petter
• Primary Examiner(s): WU, XIAO MIN
• Application Number:
  US10/282,001
• Publication Number:
  US 20030128194A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,498 Days
• Field of Search: 345173-179, 345/157, 345/156, 178/18.01, 178/18.1, 178/18.09, 178/19.01, 382312-314, 235/494
• US Class Current: 345/179
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0321 by optically sensing the absolute position with respect to a regularly patterned surface forming a passive digitiser, e.g. pen optically detecting position indicative tags printed on a paper sheet constructional details of pen-shaped pointing devices G06F3/03545, G06F3/03542, G06F3/037
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/03545 Pens or stylus
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/06037 multi-dimensional coding
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/1443 locating of the code in an image
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 10/17 using hand-held instruments
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 10/19 by sensing codes defining pattern positions

Abstract

In a method for position decoding, a position is calculated on the basis of information determined from a partial area, imaged by a sensor, of a position-coding pattern. If the position calculation fails, the information from the partial area recorded by the sensor is matched with information about how the position-coding pattern is designed in a plurality of matching partial areas, which each define a position in the position-coding pattern. The position of the positions defined by the matching partial areas, which according to the matching step is the most probable position in the position-coding pattern for the imaged partial area is accepted as the decoded position.

A device and a computer program for carrying out the method are also described.

Claims

1. A method for position decoding, comprising

calculating a multi-bit position on the basis of information determined from a single partial area, imaged by a sensor, of a position-coding pattern, said partial area imaged by the sensor ideally defining a position in the position-coding pattern;

matching, if the calculation of the position fails, information from the image of the partial area imaged by the sensor with information about how the position-coding pattern is designed in a plurality of other partial areas, which each define a position in the position-coding pattern; and

accepting the position of the positions defined by the other partial areas which according to the matching is the most probable position in the position-coding pattern for the imaged partial area imaged by the sensor.

2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the matching is carried out in an area adjacent to a previously accepted position.

3. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the matching is carried out in one dimension at a time in the position-coding pattern.

4. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the position-coding pattern codes each position by means of a plurality of elements which can each assume at least two different values, and wherein the matching comprises

determining which values are assumed by each of the elements of the other partial areas;

and

for each other partial area, belonging to the other partial areas, and on the basis of the information from the imaged subset of the position-coding pattern, determining a measure of the probability that the elements of the imaged partial area assume the same values as the elements of the other partial area.

5. A method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the information from the imaged partial area comprises a set of probability values which each indicate a probability that one of the elements of the imaged partial area assumes one of the possible values, and wherein the measure of the probability is determined on the basis of the probability values for the values assumed by the elements of the other partial area.

6. A method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the measure of the probability is determined on the basis of the number of elements in the imaged partial area which assume the same value as the corresponding elements in the other partial area.

7. A method as claimed in claim 4, wherein each position in the position-coding pattern is coded by a matrix of symbols, where each symbol constitutes an element.

8. A method as claimed in claim 4, wherein each position in the position-coding pattern is coded by a matrix of symbols which are divided into a plurality of groups, and wherein each group constitutes an element.

9. A method as claimed in claim 4, wherein each position is coded by a matrix of symbols, which are divided into a plurality of groups, and wherein each of said elements is defined by at least two groups of symbols.

10. A method as claimed in claim 7, wherein each symbol comprises a mark which is displaced in one of four predetermined directions from a nominal position in the position-coding pattern.

11. A method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the values of the symbols in a group correspond to a partial sequence in a cyclic number sequence, which has the property that each partial sequence of a predetermined length has an unambiguously determined place in the number sequence.

12. A method as claimed claim 9, wherein the values of the symbols in a group form a partial sequence in a cyclic number sequence, which has the property that each partial sequence of a predetermined length has an unambiguously determined place in the number sequence, and wherein the elements which are defined in pairs by the groups consist of the differences between the places of the groups in the number sequence.

13. A method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the step of verifying the position accepted on the basis of the imaged partial area by means of the information from the imaged partial area.

14. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein each position in the position-coding pattern is coded by means of a plurality of position numbers, which in pairs define a plurality of difference numbers determining the position;

wherein the information about how the position-coding pattern is made up consists of said difference numbers and the information from the imaged partial area comprises position numbers which are determined from the imaged partial area; and

wherein the matching comprises determining how many of the position numbers determined from the imaged partial area correspond with each other as regards the difference numbers.

15. A computer program which comprises program code which, when executed in a computer, causes the computer to carry out a method according to claim 1.

16. A computer-readable storage medium on which is stored a computer program which, when executed in a computer, causes the computer to carry out a method according to claim 1.

17. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the matching further comprises comparing information associated with the partial imaged area with information regarding an arrangement of the position coding pattern in the plurality of other partial areas.

18. A method as claimed in claim 17, wherein the arrangement is based upon predetermined rules whereby the arrangement is fully known.

19. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein each one of the positions coded by the position-coding pattern is coded by a plurality of elements which each can assume at least two different values.

20. A device for position decoding, said device comprising a signal-processing unit, which is adapted to calculate a multi-bit position on the basis of information determined from a single partial area, imaged by a sensor, of a position-coding pattern, said partial area imaged by the sensor ideally defining a position the position-coding pattern;

said signal-processing unit being further adapted to match, if the calculation of the position fails, information from the image of the partial area imaged by the sensor with information about how the position-coding pattern is designed in a plurality of other partial areas, which each define a position in the position-coding pattern, and to accept the position of the positions defined by the other partial areas, which according to the matching is the most probable position in the position-coding pattern for the imaged partial area.

21. A device for position decoding, comprising:

a processor having logic configured to

calculate a multi-bit position on the basis of information determined from a single imaged partial area of a position-coding pattern, said partial area imaged by the sensor ideally defining a position in the position-coding pattern, wherein the positions are encoded in the position-coding pattern by the displacement of the center of gravity of marks in relation to raster points,

match, if the calculation of the position fails, information from the image of the partial area imaged with information derived from the properties of the position-coding pattern in a plurality of other partial areas, and

accept the position of the positions defined by the other partial areas, which is the most probable position in the position-coding pattern for the imaged partial area.