Steering of directional sound beams

• US 7,146,011 B2
• Filed: 02/28/2004
• Issued: 12/05/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 08/31/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Nanyang Technological University
• Original Assignee: Nanyang Technological University
• Inventors: Yang, Jun, Wang, Yi, Tan, Khim Sia, Karnapi, Furi Andi, Er, Meng Hwa, Gan, Woon Seng, Liew, Yew Hin, Lee, Chee Mun Kelvin, Sha, Kan
• Primary Examiner(s): Chin, Vivian
• Assistant Examiner(s): Faulk, Devona E.
• Application Number:
  US10/789,243
• Publication Number:
  US 20040264707A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,011 Days
• Field of Search: 381/77, 381/79, 381/111, 381/116, 367/92, 367/138
• US Class Current: 381/77
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2291/02491 Materials with nonlinear acoustic properties
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/26 Sound-focusing or directing, e.g. scanning
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 15/02 Synthesis of acoustic waves synthesis of speech G10L13/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 2217/03 Parametric transducers where sound is generated or captured by the acoustic demodulation of amplitude modulated ultrasonic waves

Abstract

Apparatus is disclosed for steering a directional audio beam that is self-demodulated from an ultrasound carrier. The apparatus includes means for modulating a carrier signal with an audio signal and means for adjusting the amplitude and phase of at least one of the audio signal and/or the carrier signal to steer the audio beam to a desired direction. The apparatus also includes means for generating an ultrasound beam in the desired direction driven by the modulated carrier signal. The apparatus may include means for weighting the audio and/or carrier signal by a zeroth order Bessel function to synthesize a Bessel distribution source. A corresponding method for steering a directional audio beam is also disclosed. A harmonic generator may be used to generate harmonics of low frequencies in the audio signal. The harmonics may provide (upon demodulation) a psycho-acoustic impression of improved perception of low frequencies. Further, a modulated ultrasonic signal or an unmodulated audio signal may be band-passed into two or more different band-limited signals. The band-limited signals may be amplified and transmitted by ultrasonic transducers having mechanical resonance frequencies substantially equal to a characteristic frequency of the band-limited signals. Ultrasonic processing of the audio signal may include square root methods without generating large numbers of harmonics.

Claims

1. Method for steering a directional audio beam that is self-demodulated from an ultrasound carrier, said method including the steps of:

generating an audio signal;

generating an ultrasound carrier signal;

modulating said carrier signal with said audio signal;

adjusting both amplitude and phase of said audio signal and said carrier signal to steer said audio beam to a desired direction, wherein the amplitude and phase of said audio signal is adjusted in a first amplitude and phase adjustment module and the amplitude and phase of said carrier signal is adjusted in a second amplitude and phase adjustment module; and

combining outputs of said first and second amplitude and phase adjustment modules to generate an ultrasound beam driven in said direction by said modulated carrier signal.

2. The method according to claim 1 including suppressing a sidelobe of the ultrasound beam.

3. The method according to claim 1 including weighting said audio and/or carrier signal by a zeroth order Bessel function to synthesize a Bessel distribution source.

4. Method according to claim 3 wherein said step of generating an ultrasound beam includes driving a plurality of ultrasound transducer elements with said modulated carrier signal and said step of weighting includes adjusting gain and delay of said audio and/or carrier signal prior to driving each transducer element.

5. Method according to claim 1 wherein said step of generating an ultrasound beam includes driving a plurality of ultrasound transducer elements via a corresponding plurality of matching filters adapted to adjust the phase of the modulated carrier signal to the resonant frequency of the associated transducer element.

6. Method according to claim 1 including detecting the location of a potential listener and steering said audio beam towards said location.

7. Method according to claim 1 including reflecting said audio beam from an intermediate surface comprising a billboard panel.

11. Method according to claim 6 wherein said step of generating an ultrasound beam is performed by means of a plurality of transducer elements and the id step of steering said audio beam is performed by means of a stepper motor for rotating said transducer elements relative to at least one axis.

8. A method of processing an audio signal, including:

performing a square root operation on the audio signal to generate a square rooted signal;

alternating the gain of the square rooted signal between positive and negative gain values at selected locations to generate a flipped signal, wherein the selected locations of the signal are minimum turning points of the signal;

modulating the flipped signal onto a first ultrasonic carrier wave; and

offsetting the audio signal by a predetermined amount prior to performing square root operation to ensure that the square root operation only results in real values.

9. The method of claim 8 further including the step of:

dividing the audio signal into a plurality of frames;

determining, after the offsetting step;

a minimum value of a portion of the audio signal in a particular frame;

subtracting the minimum value from the portion of the audio signal in the particular frame; and

compensating the flipped signal in adjacent frames for discontinuities resulting from subtracting different minimum amounts in adjacent frames.

10. The method of claim 8 further including the steps of:

determining a first modulation envelope for the processed audio signal;

determining a second modulation envelope for an ideal square rooted s determining the difference between the first and second modulation envelopes; and

modulating the difference between the first and second modulation envelopes onto a second ultrasonic carrier wave.