Method and apparatus for using faceted metadata to navigate through information resources

• US 7,146,362 B2
• Filed: 08/26/2003
• Issued: 12/05/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 08/28/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Siderean Software, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Bpallen Technologies, LLC
• Inventors: Jensen, John B., Tworney, Cormac, Allen, Bradley P.
• Primary Examiner(s): ROBINSON, GRETA LEE
• Application Number:
  US10/650,200
• Publication Number:
  US 20040044661A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,197 Days
• Field of Search: 707/2, 707/3, 707/4, 707/5, 707/8, 707/10, 707/100
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/951 Indexing; Web crawling techniques
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/9532 Query formulation
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99934 Query formulation, input preparation, or translation
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99935 Query augmenting and refining, e.g. inexact access

Abstract

One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that uses faceted metadata to facilitate navigation through information resources. During operation, the system receives a query from a client at a server. The system then performs the query on metadata, wherein the metadata contains facets that describe characteristics of the information resources. While performing the query, the system generates results that identify information resources that satisfy the query. Next, the system constructs a response containing the results, the query, and suggestions on how to refine the query. The system then sends the response to the client, thereby allowing the client to refine the query. In this way, the client and server can work together in a stateless manner to refine the query without having to maintain state information about the query on the server.

Claims

1. A method for using faceted metadata to facilitate navigation through information resources, comprising:

receiving a query from a client at a server;

performing the query on the faceted metadata, wherein the faceted metadata contains facets that describe characteristics of the information resources, and wherein performing the query generates results that identify information resources that satisfy the query;

navigating to an information resource;

constructing a response containing the results from the information resource, the query, and suggestions on how to refine the query; and

sending the response to the client, thereby allowing the client to refine the query;

whereby the client and server can work together in a stateless manner to refine the query and navigate through information resources without having to maintain state information about the query on the server.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the suggestions on how to refine the query include suggested values for facets of the faceted metadata.

3. The method for claim 2, wherein the suggested values can include frequently occurring values for facets of the faceted metadata.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the suggestions can include instructions on how to display the suggestions to a user.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

receiving the response from the server at the client;

displaying the results and the suggestions on how to refine the query to a user associated with the client;

upon receiving a command from the user to modify the query,

modifying the query in accordance with the command to generate a new query, and

sending the new query from the client to the server.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein modifying the query in accordance with the command can involve:

using one of the suggestions to define a new query term;

defining a new query term that is not associated with one of the suggestions; and

removing a query term from the query.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein defining a new query term that is not associated with one of the suggestions can involve defining a new text search query term.

8. The method of claim 5, wherein displaying the results and the suggestions further involves displaying a representation of the state of the query to the user.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the query can contain:

a specification of facets to be used in organizing the results; and

conditions that results must satisfy.

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising automatically creating the query by:

scanning through facets of the faceted metadata;

generating suggestions for facets that have commonly occurring values; and

allowing a user to select one or more of the suggestions to create the query.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the suggestions on how to refine the query can additionally specify frequencies for commonly occurring values of facets in the faceted metadata.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to receiving the query, the method further comprises initializing a database containing the faceted metadata by:

receiving the faceted metadata in Resource Description Framework (RDF) format; and

storing the faceted metadata in the database.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the query and the response are encoded in eXtensible Markup Language (XML) documents that are transferred between the client and the server.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the format of the query and the response are specified by a query language that facilitates navigation using the faceted metadata.

15. A computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that when executed by a computer cause the computer to perform a method for using faceted metadata to facilitate navigation through information resources, the method comprising:

receiving a query from a client at a server;

performing the query on the faceted metadata, wherein the faceted metadata contains facets that describe characteristics of the information resources, and wherein performing the query generates results that identify information resources that satisfy the query;

navigating to an information resource;

constructing a response containing the results from the information resource, the query, and suggestions on how to refine the query; and

sending the response to the client, thereby allowing the client to refine the query;

whereby the client and server can work together in a stateless manner to refine the query and navigate through information resources without having to maintain state information about the query on the server.

16. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the suggestions on how to refine the query include suggested values for facets of the faceted metadata.

17. The computer-readable storage medium for claim 16, wherein the suggested values can include frequently occurring values for facets of the faceted metadata.

18. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the suggestions can include instructions on how to display the suggestions to a user.

19. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the method further comprises:

receiving the response from the server at the client;

displaying the results and the suggestions on how to refine the query to a user associated with the client;

upon receiving a command from the user to modify the query,

modifying the query in accordance with the command to generate a new query, and

sending the new query from the client to the server.

20. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 19, wherein modifying the query in accordance with the command can involve:

using one of the suggestions to define a new query term;

defining a new query term that is not associated with one of the suggestions; and

removing a query term from the query.

21. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 20, wherein defining a new query term that is not associated with one of the suggestions can involve defining a new text search query term.

22. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 19, wherein displaying the results and the suggestions further involves displaying a representation of the state of the query to the user.

23. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the query can contain:

a specification of facets to be used in organizing the results; and

conditions that results must satisfy.

24. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the method further comprises automatically creating the query by:

scanning through facets of the faceted metadata;

generating suggestions for facets that have commonly occurring values; and

allowing a user to select one or more of the suggestions to create the query.

25. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the suggestions on how to refine the query can additionally specify frequencies for commonly occurring values of facets in the faceted metadata.

26. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein prior to receiving the query, the method further comprises initializing a database containing the faceted metadata by:

receiving the faceted metadata in Resource Description Framework (RDF) format; and

storing the faceted metadata in the database.

27. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the query and the response are encoded in eXtensible Markup Language (XML) documents that are transferred between the client and the server.

28. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the format of the query and the response are specified by a query language that facilitates navigation using the faceted metadata.

29. An apparatus for using faceted metadata to facilitate navigation through information resources, comprising:

a receiving mechanism configured to receive a query from a client at a server;

a database configured to perform the query on the faceted metadata, wherein the faceted metadata contains facets that describe characteristics of the information resources, and wherein performing the query generates results that identify information resources that satisfy the query;

a navigation mechanism configured to navigate to an information resource; and

a response generation mechanism configured to,

construct a response containing the results from the information resource, the query, and suggestions on how to refine the query, and to

send the response to the client, thereby allowing the client to refine the query;

whereby the client and server can work together in a stateless manner to refine the query and navigate through information resources without having to maintain state information about the query on the server.

30. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the suggestions on how to refine the query include suggested values for facets of the faceted metadata.

31. The apparatus for claim 30, wherein the suggested values can include frequently occurring values for facets of the faceted metadata.

32. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the suggestions can include instructions on how to display the suggestions to a user.

33. The apparatus of claim 29, further comprising a query generation mechanism on the client configured to:

receive the response from the server;

display the results and the suggestions on how to refine the query to a user; and

upon receiving a command from the user to modify the query, to

modify the query in accordance with the command to generate a new query, and to

send the new query from the client to the server.

34. The apparatus of claim 33, wherein while modifying the query in accordance with the command the query generation mechanism can:

use one of the suggestions to define a new query term;

define a new query term that is not associated with one of the suggestions; and

remove a query term from the query.

35. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein while defining a new query term that is not associated with one of the suggestions, the query generation mechanism can define a new text search query term.

36. The apparatus of claim 33, wherein while displaying the results and the suggestions, the query generation mechanism is additionally configured to displaying a representation of the state of the query to the user.

37. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the query can contain:

a specification of facets to be used in organizing the results; and

conditions that results must satisfy.

38. The apparatus of claim 29, further comprising a query generation mechanism that is configured to:

scan through facets of the faceted metadata;

generate suggestions for facets that have commonly occurring values; and

to

allow a user to select one or more of the suggestions to create the query.

39. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the suggestions on how to refine the query can additionally specify frequencies for commonly occurring values of facets in the faceted metadata.

40. The apparatus of claim 29, further comprising a database initialization mechanism that is configured to:

receive the faceted metadata in Resource Description Framework (RDF) format; and

to

store the faceted metadata in a database.

41. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the query and the response are encoded in eXtensible Markup Language (XML) documents that are transferred between the client and the server.

42. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the format of the query and the response are specified by a query language that facilitates navigation using the faceted metadata.

43. A means for using faceted metadata to facilitate navigation through information resources, comprising:

a receiving means for receiving a query from a client at a server;

a database means for performing the query on the faceted metadata, wherein the faceted metadata contains facets that describe characteristics of the information resources, and wherein performing the query generates results that identify information resources that satisfy the query;

a navigation means for navigating to an information resource;

a response generation means for generating a response containing the results from the information resource, the query, and suggestions on how to refine the query; and

a sending means for sending the response to the client, thereby allowing the client to refine the query;

whereby the client and server can work together in a stateless manner to refine the query and navigate through information resources without having to maintain state information about the query on the server.