Hybrid-electric vehicle having a matched reactance machine

• US 7,148,649 B2
• Filed: 09/24/2004
• Issued: 12/12/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 02/18/2004
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.
• Original Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.
• Inventors: Ganev, Evgeni
• Primary Examiner(s): IP, SHIK LUEN PAUL
• Application Number:
  US10/950,107
• Publication Number:
  US 20050179264A1
• Time in Patent Office: 809 Days
• Field of Search: 318/432, 318/439, 318/139, 318/701, 318/801, 318/727, 322/46, 322/90, 322/94, 323/210, 363/127
• US Class Current: 318/701
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/241 The oscillation concerning frequency
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 9/48 Arrangements for obtaining a constant output value at varying speed of the generator, e.g. on vehicle H02P9/04 - H02P9/46 take precedence

Abstract

A hybrid-electric vehicle including a matched reactance machine power generation system (MRMPGS). The MRMPGS comprises a permanent magnet rotor type machine having a selected back electromotive force (BEMF) voltage value and a selected machine inductance value. The BEMF voltage value is selected having a line-to-line peak voltage that is equal to a desired terminal voltage of the machine at a first machine speed. The machine inductance value is selected based upon a machine reactance value and a frequency value, which correspond to a proportional increase in the selected BEMF voltage value between the first machine speed and a second machine speed.

Claims

1. A hybrid-electric vehicle (HEV) comprising:

a prime mover;

a matched reactance machine integrated with the prime mover;

a power conditioning unit receiving three-phase power from the matched reactance machine, wherein the power conditioning unit is a three-phase bridge rectifier using six diodes without using semiconductor switches; and

a control unit for controlling a speed of the matched reactance machine to provide a substantially constant terminal voltage for a variable demand level;

wherein;

the matched reactance machine comprises a permanent magnet rotor type machine having a back electromotive force (BEMF) voltage with a line-to-line peak voltage that is equal to a desired terminal voltage of the matched reactance machine at a first finite machine speed; and

the matched reactance machine having an inductance value which allows for a proportional increase in the selected BEMF voltage value throughout a speed range between the first machine speed and a second machine speed which second machine speed is greater than the first speed.

2. The HEV of claim 1 wherein the machine comprises a three phase permanent magnet (PM) generator.

3. The HEV of claim 2 wherein each phase of the PM generator is coupled to a simple bridge rectifier, and the bridge rectifier is coupled to a common DC bus.

4. The HEV of claim 3 wherein the HEV comprises a power storage unit coupled to the DC bus in parallel with the bridge rectifier, and in parallel with a propulsion load.

5. The HEV of claim 4 wherein the power storage unit is a battery.

6. The HEV of claim 4 (I am not sure this is a correct reference) comprising a turbine engine coupled to the matched reactance machine.

7. The HEV of claim 1, wherein the machine has a BEMF voltage value at said first speed and a terminal voltage at said first speed with substantially equal amplitude and with an electrical phase difference of approximately zero.

8. The HEV of claim 1, wherein the first machine speed corresponds to a substantially zero delivered power.

9. The HEV of claim 1, wherein the second machine speed corresponds to a substantially maximum delivered power.

10. The HEV of claim 1, wherein a machine reactance value at the second speed is equivalent to a vector diagram calculation for reactance including a machine terminal voltage vector and an internal machine voltage drop vector.

11. The HEV of claim 10, wherein the machine terminal voltage vector and the internal machine voltage drop vector are perpendicular.

12. The HEV of claim 1, wherein the excitation of the machine is fixed and achieved by at least one permanent magnet embedded in a rotor assembly.

13. The HEV of claim 1, wherein:

the matched reactance machine comprises a three phase permanent magnet (PM) generator, each phase of the PM generator being coupled to a simple bridge rectifier, and the bridge rectifier is coupled to a common DC bus;

a battery coupled to the DC bus in parallel with the bridge rectifier, and in parallel with a propulsion load; and

a turbine engine coupled to the matched reactance machine.

14. The HEV of claim 13, wherein:

the BEMF voltage value of the machine at said first speed and the terminal voltage of the machine at said first speed have a substantially equal amplitude and an electrical phase difference of approximately zero;

the first machine speed corresponds to a substantially zero delivered power;

the second machine speed corresponds to a substantially maximum delivered power;

a machine reactance value of the machine at the second speed is equivalent to a vector diagram calculation for reactance including a machine terminal voltage vector and an internal machine voltage drop vector;

the machine terminal voltage vector and the internal machine voltage drop vector are perpendicular; and

the machine speed is controlled to provide a substantially constant terminal voltage for a variable power demand level.

15. The HEV of claim 1 further comprising:

a drive command;

a brake command;

a conversion unit adapted to produce a torque value signal which signal may be positive or negative;

a torque limiting device adapted to produce a torque limited signal;

a converter adapted to convert the torque limited signal to a current I_com and further adapted to combine said I_com with a feedback current and provide a resultant combined signal to a drive controller; and

the drive controller adapted to convert DC power of a distribution bus to AC power deliverable to an electric machine.

16. The HEV of claim 15 further comprising:

a speed controller adapted to control a turbine engine;

an engine power estimator;

a battery power estimator; and

a calculator adapted to combine estimates for the engine power estimator and the battery power estimator and provide a torque limit signal to the torque limiting device.

17. A method of providing power to a propulsion load of a hybrid-electric vehicle (HEV) comprising:

providing a turbine engine driven permanent magnet rotor type machine, a battery, a simple three phase rectifier and a propulsion load;

coupling the generator to the simple three phase rectifier, and coupling the combination of generator and rectifier in parallel with the battery and the propulsion load;

using the generator and battery to provide power to the propulsion load, and the battery to store power produced by the propulsion load;

wherein the permanent magnet rotor type machine has a selected back electromotive force (BEMF) voltage value and a selected machine inductance value, wherein an excitation of the machine is fixed and achieved by at least one permanent magnet embedded in a rotor assembly of the machine;

wherein the BEMF voltage value is selected at a first machine speed having a line-to-line peak voltage that is equal to a desired terminal voltage of the machine the BEMF value having substantially equal amplitude to the desired terminal voltage at the first speed and wherein an electrical phase difference between the BEMF value and the terminal voltage is approximately zero;

wherein the machine inductance value is selected based upon a machine reactance value at a frequency value which correspond to a proportional increase in the selected BEMF voltage value between the first machine speed and a second machine speed which second speed is greater that the first speed, wherein the terminal voltage and a phase current are in phase; and

wherein an output voltage of the machine remains substantially constant throughout a speed range between the first speed and the second speed, a machine speed being selected based on a variable power demand level.