Replica routing

• US 7,149,771 B1
• Filed: 12/28/1999
• Issued: 12/12/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 01/07/1997
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Inventors: Gifford, David K.
• Primary Examiner(s): Follansbee, John
• Assistant Examiner(s): Hu, Jinsong
• Application Number:
  US09/472,964
• Time in Patent Office: 2,541 Days
• Field of Search: 709/203, 709/235, 709/240, 709/226
• US Class Current: 709/203
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/00 Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/2567 for reachability, e.g. inquiring the address of a correspondent behind a NAT server
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/30 Managing network names, e.g. use of aliases or nicknames name-to-address mapping H04L61/45
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/20 for managing network security; network security policies in general filtering policies H04L63/0227
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1001 for accessing one among a plurality of replicated servers
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/101 based on network conditions
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1012 based on compliance of requirements or conditions with available server resources

Abstract

The present invention is a new method called replica routing that automatically directs client computers that request a service to a server replica for that service. The replica chosen by replica routing is the replica that is expected to provide the best performance to the client based upon the client'"'"'s location in the internetwork topology and the estimated performance of the internetwork. In addition, the system and method is designed to permit new replicas to be flexibly added without undue administrative overhead.

Claims

1. A replica router comprising:

at least one communications interface;

a processor coupled to the at least one communications interface; and

a memory coupled to the processor;

wherein the processor is configured to;

receive a network request for access from a client computer;

calculate a performance metric value for each of at least two server replicas, the value specifying an estimated communication performance between the client computer and a server replica based upon the client computer'"'"'s location in a network; and

direct the client computer to at least one server replica that is estimated to provide good performance based upon the client computer'"'"'s location in the network based on the performance metric values of the server replicas as calculated by the replica router; and

wherein the processor is further configured to direct the client computer to a server replica that is estimated to provide good performance based upon the client computer'"'"'s location in the network by directing the client computer to a replica router lower in a replica router hierarchy.

2. The replica router of claim 1 wherein the processor is further configured to:

receive advertisements from the server replica, the advertisements containing information from which the replica router calculates the performance metric value; and

maintain a database of the server replica advertisements.

3. The replica router of claim 2 wherein the processor is further configured to:

match the replica advertisements to their actual source IP address where each of the replica advertisements contain the actual source IP address of the server replica; and

determine whether any of the server replicas are located behind firewalls.

4. The replica router of claim 1 wherein the processor is further configured to:

receive a description of a client computer'"'"'s network environment; and

calculate the performance metric value for a server replica based upon the description of the client computer'"'"'s network environment.

5. The replica router of claim 1 wherein the processor is further configured to calculate the performance metric value of a server replica based upon the performance metric value of at least one network router located in a path from the client computer to the replica router.

6. The replica router of claim 1 wherein the processor is further configured to cause a replica router advertisement to be sent to a replica router higher in the replica router hierarchy, the replica router advertisement containing information from which the replica router higher in the hierarchy calculates the performance metric value, the replica router higher in the hierarchy being programmed to store the replica router advertisement in the database of advertisements.

7. The replica router of claim 6 wherein the replica router higher in the hierarchy is programmed to match the replica router advertisement to its actual source IP address to determine whether the replica router that caused the replica router advertisement to be sent is located behind a firewall.

8. For a replication router, a method of replica routing in a communications network comprising the steps of:

receiving a network request from a client computer;

calculating a performance metric value for each of at least two server replicas, the value specifying an estimated communication performance between the client computer and the server replica based upon the client computer'"'"'s location in a network;

directing the client computer to at least one server replica that is estimated to provide good performance based upon the client computer'"'"'s location in the network based on the performance metric values of the server replicas as calculated by the replica routers; and

directing the client computer to a server replica that is estimated to provide good performance based upon the client computer'"'"'s location in the network by directing the client computer to a replica router lower in a replica router hierarchy.

9. The method of claim 8 further comprising the steps of:

receiving advertisements from the server replicas, the advertisements containing information from which the replica router calculates the performance metric values; and

maintaining a database of the server replica advertisements.

10. The method of claim 9 further comprising the steps of:

matching the replica advertisements to their actual source IP address where each of the replica advertisements contain the actual source IP address of the server replica; and

determining whether any of the server replicas are located behind firewalls.

11. The method of claim 8 further comprising the steps of:

receive a description of a client computer'"'"'s network environment; and

calculating the performance metric value for a server replica based upon the description of the client computer'"'"'s network environment.

12. The method of claim 8 further comprising the step of calculating the performance metric value of a server replica based upon the performance metric value of at least one network router located in a path from the client computer to the replica router.

13. The method of claim 8 further comprising the step of causing a replica router advertisement to be sent from the replica router to a replica router higher in the replica router hierarchy, the replica router advertisement containing information from which the replica router higher in the hierarchy calculates the performance metric value, the replica router higher in the hierarchy storing the replica router advertisement in the database of advertisements.

14. An network replica router comprising:

at least one communications interface;

a processor coupled to the at least one communications interface; and

a memory coupled to the processor;

wherein the processor is configured to;

receive replica advertisements, each of the advertisements containing at least one identifier of a network in the network to be serviced by at least one server replica;

maintain a database of the server replica advertisements;

receive network requests from a client computer; and

direct the client computer to one of the at least one server replicas based upon the relationship between the networks identified in the advertisements in the database and a network in which the client computer is located; and

direct the client computer to a server replica that is estimated to provide good performance based upon the client computer'"'"'s location in the network by directing the client computer to a replica router lower in a replica router hierarchy.

15. For a replication router, a method of replica routing in a network comprising the steps of:

receiving replica advertisements, each of the advertisements containing at least one identifier of a network in the network to be serviced by at least one server replica;

maintaining a database of the server replica advertisements;

receiving network requests from a client computer; and

directing the client computer to at least one server replica based upon the relationship between the networks identified in the advertisements in the database and a network in which the client computer is located; and

directing the client computer to a server replica that is estimated to provide good performance based upon the client computer'"'"'s location in the network by directing the client computer to a replica router lower in a replica router hierarchy.

16. A computer program product having a computer-readable medium including computer program logic stored thereon that, when performed on a computer, causes the computer to:

receive a network request from a client computer;

calculate a performance metric value for each of at least two server replicas, the value specifying an estimated communication performance between the client computer and the server replica based upon the client computer'"'"'s location in a network;

direct the client computer to at least one server replica that is estimated to provide good performance based upon the client computer'"'"'s location in the network based on the performance metric values of the server replicas as calculated by the replica router; and

direct the client computer to a server replica that is estimated to provide good performance based upon the client computer'"'"'s location in the network by directing the client computer to a replica router lower in a replica router hierarchy.

17. A computer program product having a computer-readable medium including computer program logic stored thereon that, when performed on a computer, causes the computer to:

receive replica advertisements, each of the advertisements containing at least one identifier of a sub-network in a network to be serviced by at least one server replica;

maintain a database of the server replica advertisements;

receive network requests from a client computer; and

direct the client computer to at least one server replica based upon the relationship between the networks identified in the advertisements in the database and a network in which the client computer is located; and

direct the client computer to a server replica that is estimated to provide good performance based upon the client computer'"'"'s location in the network by directing the client computer to a replica router lower in a replica router hierarchy.

18. A replica router comprising:

at least one communications interface;

a processor coupled to the at least one communications interface; and

a memory coupled to the processor;

wherein the processor includes;

a means for receiving a network request for access from a client computer;

a means for calculating a performance metric value for each of at least two server replicas, the value specifying an estimated communication performance between the client computer and a server replica based upon the client computer'"'"'s location in a network; and

a means for directing the client computer to at least one server replica that is estimated to provide good performance based upon the client computer'"'"'s location in the network based on the performance metric values of the server replicas as calculated by the replica router; and

a means for directing the client computer to a server replica that is estimated to provide good performance based upon the client computer'"'"'s location in the network by directing the client computer to a replica router lower in a replica router hierarchy.

19. A replica router comprising:

at least one communications interface;

a processor coupled to the at least one communications interface; and

a memory coupled to the processor;

wherein the processor includes;

a means for receiving replica advertisements, each of the advertisements containing at least one identifier of a sub-network in a network to be serviced by at least one server replica;

a means for maintaining a database of the server replica advertisements;

a means for receiving network requests from a client computer; and

a means for directing the client computer to one of the at least one server replicas based upon the relationship between the networks identified in the advertisements in the database and a network in which the client computer is located; and

a means for directing the client computer to a server replica that is estimated to provide good performance based upon the client computer'"'"'s location in the network by directing the client computer to a replica router lower in a replica router hierarchy.