Contact sensitive device

• US 7,157,649 B2
• Filed: 12/26/2000
• Issued: 01/02/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 12/23/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Google LLC (Alphabet Inc.)
• Original Assignee: New Transducers Limited (Alphabet Inc.)
• Inventors: Hill, Nicholas P. R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hjerpe; Richard
• Assistant Examiner(s): Shapiro; Leonid
• Application Number:
  US09/746,405
• Publication Number:
  US 20010006006A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,198 Days
• Field of Search: 178/18.04, 178/18.01, 178/18.03, 178/19.01, 178/19.02, 178/20.02, 178/20.03, 345/177, 345/173, 345/160, 345/169, 367/129, 367/907
• US Class Current: 178/18.04
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/016 Input arrangements with force or tactile feedback as computer generated output to the user
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/041 Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0433 in which the acoustic waves are either generated by a movable member and propagated within a surface layer or propagated within a surface layer and captured by a movable member
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0436 in which generating transducers and detecting transducers are attached to a single acoustic waves transmission substrate

Abstract

Method and apparatus using bending wave vibration to calculate information relating to a contact on a contact sensitive device. The contact sensitive device has a member capable of supporting bending waves, and a device attached to the member measures bending wave propagation in the member to determine a measured bending wave signal. The measured bending wave signal is processed to calculate information relating to the contact. The contact sensitive device may comprise a transparent touch sensitive plate mounted in front of a display device. A stylus (e.g., pen) may be used for writing text or other matter on the touch-sensitive plate. The plate may also be an acoustic device. Three transducers are mounted on the plate. At least two of the transducers are sensing transducers and are thus sensitive to and monitor bending wave vibration in the plate.

Claims

1. A method of determining information relating to a contact on a passive contact sensitive device comprising the steps of:

providing a member capable of supporting bending wave vibration,

contacting the member at a discrete location to generate bending wave vibration in the member,

measuring the bending wave vibration in the member to determine a measured bending wave signal, and

processing the measured bending wave signal to calculate information relating to the contact including applying a correction to convert the measured bending wave signal to a propagation signal from a non-dispersive wave source.

2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the correction applied is based on a dispersion relation of the material of the member.

3. A method according to claim 2, wherein the dispersion relation is modeled by using the bending wave equation in combination with known physical parameters of the material of the member.

4. A method according to claim 2, wherein the dispersion relation is measured by using a laser vibrometer to create an image of the vibration pattern in the member for a number of given frequencies to give the dispersion relation in the frequency range of interest.

5. A method according to claim 2, wherein the dispersion relation is measured using a self-measuring scheme which is incorporated into the contact sensitive device.

6. A method according to claim 1, wherein the information relating to the contact comprises the location of the contact.

7. A method according to claim 1, wherein the information relating to the contact comprises the pressure of the contact.

8. A method according to claim 1, wherein the information relating to the contact comprises the size of the contact.

9. A method according to claim 1, wherein movement of the contact on the member generates a continuous signal which is affected by the location, pressure and speed of the contact on the member, and continuous time data from the continuous signal is used to derive additional information relating to the contact.

10. A method according to claim 9, wherein a neural net is used for processing continuous time data.

11. A method according to claim 1, wherein the contact type is selected from the group consisting of touch by a stylus and touch by a finger.

12. A method according to claim 11, wherein the measuring step comprises measuring the frequency content of the measured bending wave signal to determine the contact type.

13. A method according to claim 1, wherein the measuring step comprises measuring the frequency content of the measured bending wave signal to determine the contact type.

14. A method according to claim 1, wherein the member has a complex shape, and the processing step comprises using an adaptive algorithm to derive information relating to the contact from the measuring bending wave signal.

15. A method according to claim 14, wherein the adaptive algorithm is implemented in a neural net.

16. A method according to claim 1, wherein the bending wave vibration in the member is caused by background noise.

17. A method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of comparing the measured bending wave signal with a reference signal to identify when contact is made.

18. A method according to claim 1, wherein the measuring step comprises measuring the bending wave vibration at an edge of the member.

19. A method according to claim 1, wherein the measuring step comprises measuring the bending wave vibration at a position spaced from the edges of the member.

20. A method of determining information relating to a contact on a contact sensitive device comprising:

contacting a member capable of supporting bending waves to produce a change in bending wave vibration in the member;

measuring the changed bending wave vibration in the member to determine a measured bending wave signal; and

processing the measured bending wave signal to calculate information relating to the contact, wherein processing the measured bending wave signal comprises applying a correction to convert the measured bending wave signal to a propagation signal from a non-dispersive wave source.

21. A method according to claim 20 wherein the contact sensitive device is passive and the change in bending wave vibration in the member induced by the contact is an excitation to bending wave vibration in the member.

22. A method according to claim 20 wherein the contact sensitive device is active and the method further comprises generating bending wave vibration in the member to probe for information relating to the contact, and wherein the change in bending wave vibration is a response of the generated bending wave vibration to the contact.

23. A method according to claim 22, wherein the effect of the contact is reflective, such that at least some of the generated bending wave vibration is reflected by the contact to produce a change in the generated bending wave vibration in the member.

24. A method according to claim 23, wherein the effect of the contact on the generated bending wave vibration is measured using indirect excitation from at least one boundary reflection.

25. A method according to claim 22, wherein the effect of the contact is absorbing, such that at least some of the generated bending wave vibration is absorbed by the contact to produce a change in the generated bending wave vibration in the member.

26. A method according to claim 25, wherein the effect of the contact on the generated bending wave vibration is measured using indirect excitation from at least one boundary reflection.

27. A method according to claim 22, wherein the generated bending wave vibration is not acoustically obvious.

28. A method according to claim 27, wherein the generated bending wave vibration simulates background noise.

29. A method according to claim 27, wherein the generated bending wave vibration is outside the audible frequency range.

30. A method according to claim 29, wherein the generated bending wave vibration is in the ultrasonic frequency range.

31. A method according to claim 22, wherein the generated bending wave vibration creates an acoustic output in the member, which acts as an acoustic radiator of a loudspeaker.

32. A method according to claim 31, wherein the processing step comprising isolating undesired signals from the changed bending wave vibration produced by the contact.

33. A method according to claim 22, wherein the processing step comprises isolating undesired signals from the changed bending wave vibration produced by the contact.

34. A method according to claim 22, wherein the correction applied is based on a dispersion relation of the material of the member.

35. A method according to claim 34, wherein the dispersion relation is modeled by using the bending wave equation in combination with known physical parameters of the material of the member.

36. A method according to claim 34, wherein the dispersion relation is measured by using a laser vibrometer to create an image of the vibration pattern in the member for a number of given frequencies to give the dispersion relation in the frequency range of interest.

37. A method according to claim 34, wherein the dispersion relation is measured using a self-measuring scheme which is incorporated into the contact sensitive device.

38. A method according to claim 22, wherein the information relating to the contact comprises the location of the contact.

39. A method according to claim 22, wherein the information relating to the contact comprises the pressure of the contact.

40. A method according to claim 22, wherein the information relating to the contact comprises the size of the contact.

41. A method according to claim 22, wherein movement of the contact on the member generates a continuous signal which is affected by the location, pressure and speed of the contact on the member, and continuous time data from the continuous signal is used to derive additional information relating to the contact.

42. A method according to claim 41, wherein a neural net is used for processing continuous time data.

43. A method according to claim 22, wherein the contact type is selected from the group consisting of touch by a stylus and touch by a finger.

44. A method according to claim 43, wherein the measuring step comprising measuring the frequency content of the measured bending wave signal to determine the contact type.

45. A method according to claim 22, wherein the measuring step comprises measuring the frequency content of the measured bending wave signal to determine the contact type.

46. A method according to claim 22, wherein the member has a complex shape, and the processing step comprises using an adaptive algorithm to derive information relating to the contact from the measuring bending wave signal.

47. A method according to claim 46, wherein the adaptive algorithm is implemented in a neural net.

48. A method according to claim 22, further comprising the step of comparing the measured bending wave signal with a reference signal to identify when contact is made.

49. A method according to claim 22, wherein the measuring step comprises measuring the changed bending wave vibration at an edge of the member.

50. A method according to claim 22, wherein the measuring step comprises measuring the changed bending wave vibration at a position spaced from the edges of the member.

51. A passive contact sensitive device comprising:

a member capable of supporting bending wave vibration,

at least one sensor coupled to the member for measuring bending wave vibration in the member, and

a processor operatively coupled to the at least one sensor for processing information relating to a contact made on a surface on the member from the generation of bending wave vibration in the member created by the contact and measured by the at least one sensor and for applying a correction to convert the measured bending wave signal to a propagation signal from a non-dispersive wave source.

52. A contact sensitive device according to claim 51, wherein the member is a display screen.

53. A contact sensitive device according to claim 52, wherein the display screen is a liquid crystal display screen, and the at least one sensor comprises liquid crystals of the display screen which sense bending wave vibration in the member.

54. A contact sensitive device according to claim 51, wherein the at least one sensor is mounted at an edge of the member.

55. A contact sensitive device according to claim 51, wherein the at least one sensor is mounted on the member spaced from an edge of the member.

56. A contact sensitive device according to claim 51, wherein the member is transparent.

57. A contact sensitive device according to claim 51, wherein the member is in the form of a panel.

58. A contact sensitive device according to claim 51, wherein the member has uniform thickness.

59. A mobile phone comprising a contact sensitive device according to claim 51.

60. A lap-top comprising a contact sensitive device according to claim 51.

61. A personal data assistant comprising a contact sensitive device according to claim 51.

62. A contact sensitive device comprising:

a member capable of supporting bending wave vibration;

at least one sensor coupled to the member for measuring bending wave vibration in the member, and

a processor operatively coupled to the at least one sensor for processing information relating to a contact made on a surface on the member from a change in bending wave vibration in the member caused by the contact and measured by the at least one sensor and for applying a correction to convert the measured bending wave signal to a propagation signal from a non-dispersive wave source.

63. A contact sensitive device according to claim 62 wherein the contact sensitive device is passive and the change in bending wave vibration in the member induced by the contact is an excitation to bending wave vibration in the member.

64. A contact sensitive device according to claim 62 further comprising:

an emitting transducer for exciting bending wave vibration in the member to probe for information relating to the contact, and

wherein the change in bending wave vibration is a response of the excited bending wave vibration to the contact.

65. A contact sensitive device according to claim 64, wherein information relating to the contact is calculated by comparing the measured bending wave signal to a reference signal before contact is made.

66. A contact sensitive device according to claim 64, wherein the emitting transducer has dual functionality and acts as the emitting transducer and the at least one sensor.

67. A contact sensitive device according to claim 64, wherein the emitting transducer and the at least one sensor are placed with a relatively equal spacing around the periphery of the member.

68. A contact sensitive device according to claim 64, wherein the emitting transducer and the at least one sensor are located at the same point and are coupled into orthogonal physical properties.

69. A contact sensitive device according to claim 64, wherein the member is a display screen.

70. A contact sensitive device according to claim 69, wherein the display screen is a liquid crystal display screen, and the at least one sensor comprises liquid crystals of the display screen which sense bending wave vibration in the member.

71. A contact sensitive device according to claim 64, wherein the at least one sensor is mounted at an edge of the member.

72. A contact sensitive device according to claim 64, wherein the at least one sensor is mounted on the member spaced from an edge of the member.

73. A contact sensitive device according to claim 64, wherein the member is transparent.

74. A contact sensitive device according to claim 64, wherein the member is in the form of a panel.

75. A contact sensitive device according to claim 64, wherein the member has uniform thickness.

76. A mobile phone comprising a contact sensitive device according to claim 64.

77. A lap-top computer comprising a contact sensitive device according to claim 64.

78. A personal data assistant comprising a contact sensitive device according to claim 64.

79. A method of determining information relating to a contact on a passive contact sensitive device comprising the steps of:

providing a member capable of supporting bending wave vibration,

contacting the member to generate bending wave vibration in the member by frictional movement of the contact,

measuring the bending wave vibration in the member to determine a measured bending wave signal, and

processing the measured bending wave signal to calculate information relating to the contact.

80. A method according to claim 79, further comprising the step of applying a correction to convert the measured bending wave signal to a propagation signal from a non-dispersive wave source.