Non-circular, mechanically variable optical attenuator
First Claim
1. An optical attenuator for attenuating light, comprising:
- a first polarizing element having a first polarization vector field that varies spatially across said first polarizing element;
a second polarizing element having a second polarization vector field that varies spatially across said second polarizing element, wherein said first polarizing element and said second polarizing element are aligned in series, separated by a pre-defined distance, wherein said second polarization vector field is adapted to being in alignment with said first polarization vector field; and
a mechanical means for attenuating light passing through said first polarizing element and said second polarizing element, wherein said mechanical means gradually translates said first polarizing element in relation to said second polarizing element such that said first polarization vector field is not in alignment with said second polarization vector field.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A non-circular, mechanically variable optical attenuator using a pair of specially constructed polarizing elements with means enabling a gradual transition from un-crossed polarization vector fields to crossed polarization vector fields using a linear motion with respect to one another. The polarizing elements whose polarization axis varies with spatial position on the element have a polarization vector field that is a function of position on the element. Specifically, the two polarizing elements have a defined orientation of polarization axes or vectors on the polarization vector fields that vary with spatial location on the polarizing element such that when aligned light passes, and when the polarization axes are crossed, light is attenuated. The present attenuator has a practical application for dimmable mirrors or windows by providing a variable optical attenuator that is purely mechanical and non-circular in shape. Dimming of the mirror or window is controlled by gradually sliding one such special polarizer with respect to the other.
30 Citations
19 Claims
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1. An optical attenuator for attenuating light, comprising:
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a first polarizing element having a first polarization vector field that varies spatially across said first polarizing element; a second polarizing element having a second polarization vector field that varies spatially across said second polarizing element, wherein said first polarizing element and said second polarizing element are aligned in series, separated by a pre-defined distance, wherein said second polarization vector field is adapted to being in alignment with said first polarization vector field; and a mechanical means for attenuating light passing through said first polarizing element and said second polarizing element, wherein said mechanical means gradually translates said first polarizing element in relation to said second polarizing element such that said first polarization vector field is not in alignment with said second polarization vector field. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)
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13. An optical attenuator for attenuating electromagnetic radiation, comprising:
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a first polarizing element having a first polarization vector field that varies spatially across said first polarizing element; a second polarizing element having a second polarization vector field that varies spatially across said second polarizing element, wherein said first polarizing element and said second polarizing element are aligned in series, separated by a pre-defined distance, wherein said second polarization vector field is adapted to being in alignment with said first polarization vector field; and a mechanical means for attenuating electromagnetic radiation passing through said first polarizing element and said second polarizing element, wherein said mechanical means gradually translates said first polarizing element in relation to said second polarizing element such that said first polarization vector field is not in alignment with said second polarization vector field. - View Dependent Claims (14)
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15. A method for attenuating light, comprising the steps of:
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(a) selecting a first polarizing element having a first polarization vector field that varies spatially across said first polarizing element; (b) selecting a second polarizing element having a second polarization vector field that varies spatially across said second polarizing element, wherein said second polarization vector field is adapted to being in alignment with said first polarization vector field; (c) aligning said first polarizing element and said second polarizing element in a series wherein said first polarizing element is parallel to said second polarizing element and said first polarizing element is separated from said second polarizing element by a pre-defined distance, and (d) crossing gradually said first polarization vector field with said second polarization vector field thereby gradually attenuating light passing through said first polarizing element and said second polarizing element by mechanically translating said first polarizing element along a vertical axis in relation to said second polarizing element. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19)
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Specification