Techniques for detecting heart pulses and reducing power consumption in sensors
First Claim
1. A pulse oximeter system comprising:
- a drive interface that controls drive current of light emitting elements in a pulse oximeter sensor; and
a feedback loop coupled around the pulse oximeter sensor and the drive interface that dynamically adjusts the drive current of the light emitting elements based on results of a comparison between a signal-to-noise ratio of a pulse oximeter signal and a threshold, wherein the feedback loop comprises;
a pulse detection block that calculates a moving average of a derivative of the pulse oximeter signal to generate a first output, calculates a moving average of the first output to generate a second output, calculates a moving average of the second output to generate a third output, and identifies a moving minimum and a moving maximum of the third output in order to determine the signal-to-noise ratio; and
a comparator that performs the comparison of the signal-to-noise ratio of the pulse oximeter signal to the threshold,wherein the pulse oximeter signal is generated by a photodetector in the pulse oximeter sensor.
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Abstract
Low power techniques for sensing cardiac pulses in a signal from a sensor are provided. A pulse detection block senses the sensor signal and determines its signal-to-noise ratio. After comparing the signal-to-noise ratio to a threshold, the drive current of light emitting elements in the sensor is dynamically adjusted to reduce power consumption while maintaining the signal-to-noise ratio at an adequate level. The signal component of the sensor signal can be measured by identifying systolic transitions. The systolic transitions are detected using a maximum and minimum derivative averaging scheme. The moving minimum and the moving maximum are compared to the scaled sum of the moving minimum and moving maximum to identify the systolic transitions. Once the signal component has been identified, the signal component is compared to a noise component to calculate the signal-to-noise ratio.
198 Citations
16 Claims
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1. A pulse oximeter system comprising:
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a drive interface that controls drive current of light emitting elements in a pulse oximeter sensor; and a feedback loop coupled around the pulse oximeter sensor and the drive interface that dynamically adjusts the drive current of the light emitting elements based on results of a comparison between a signal-to-noise ratio of a pulse oximeter signal and a threshold, wherein the feedback loop comprises; a pulse detection block that calculates a moving average of a derivative of the pulse oximeter signal to generate a first output, calculates a moving average of the first output to generate a second output, calculates a moving average of the second output to generate a third output, and identifies a moving minimum and a moving maximum of the third output in order to determine the signal-to-noise ratio; and a comparator that performs the comparison of the signal-to-noise ratio of the pulse oximeter signal to the threshold, wherein the pulse oximeter signal is generated by a photodetector in the pulse oximeter sensor. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A method for reducing power consumption in a pulse oximeter sensor, the method comprising:
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providing drive current to light emitting elements in the pulse oximeter sensor; and determining a signal-to-noise ratio of a pulse oximeter signal generated by a photodetector in the pulse oximeter sensor, wherein determining the signal-to-noise ratio of the pulse oximeter signal further comprises; calculating a moving average of a derivative of the pulse oximeter signal to generate a first output; calculating a moving average of the first output to generate a second output; calculating a moving average of the second output to generate a third output; and identifying a moving minimum and a moving maximum of the third output; and dynamically adjusting the drive current of the light emitting elements based on results of a comparison between the signal-to-noise ratio of the pulse oximeter signal and a threshold, wherein dynamically adjusting the drive current of the light emitting elements comprises; increasing the drive current provided to the light emitting elements if the signal-to-noise ratio of the pulse oximeter signal is less than a minimum threshold; and decreasing the drive current provided to the light emitting elements if the signal-to-noise ratio of the pulse oximeter signal is greater than a maximum threshold. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15)
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16. A method for identifying systolic transitions in a pulse oximeter signal generated by a pulse oximeter sensor, the method comprising:
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calculating a moving average of a derivative of the pulse oximeter signal to generate a first output; calculating a moving average of the first output to generate a second output; calculating a moving average of the second output to generate a third output; identifying a moving minimum and a moving maximum of the third output to a scaled sum of the moving minimum and the moving maximum of the third output to generate a fourth output; and filtering out false positives in the fourth output using pulse qualification routines to generate a fifth output corresponding to a systolic transition in the pulse oximeter signal.
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Specification