Compact tunable antenna

• US 7,164,387 B2
• Filed: 04/30/2004
• Issued: 01/16/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 05/12/2003
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: HRL Laboratories LLC (The Boeing Co.)
• Original Assignee: HRL Laboratories LLC (The Boeing Co.)
• Inventors: Sievenpiper, Daniel F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wong; Don
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ho; Binh Van
• Application Number:
  US10/836,966
• Publication Number:
  US 20040227678A1
• Time in Patent Office: 991 Days
• Field of Search: 343/702, 343/703, 343/700.MS, 333/103
• US Class Current: 343/702
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/243 with built-in antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 3/247 by switching different parts of a primary active element
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 9/0421 with a shorting wall or a shorting pin at one end of the element H01Q9/0414 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 9/0442 with particular tuning means
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 9/14 Length of element or elements adjustable telescopic elements H01Q1/10

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a method and an antenna for transmitting/receiving a RF signal at a plurality of different frequencies. Transmitting/receiving a RF signal at a plurality of different frequencies is achieved by providing a F antenna comprising a plurality of switches which can be used to adjust the resonant frequency of the antenna. By providing a F antenna, the antenna will be much smaller than the wavelength at which the antenna is operating. This allows the antenna to be used in compact devices such as PDA'"'"'s and cellular phones.

Claims

1. A tunable antenna for transmitting and/or receiving a RF signal at a desired one of a plurality of different frequencies, the antenna comprising:

a conductive sheet;

an electrically conductive tab having a width dimension and a length dimension, the electrically conductive tab being positioned adjacent to, but spaced from, the conductive sheet;

a plurality of switches placed along the width dimension of the electrically conductive tab, each switch of said plurality of switches controllable to electrically connect the conductive sheet to the electrically conductive tab;

a feed line for coupling an RF signal to and/or from the electrically conductive tab; and

the plurality of switches being controllable to change a desired resonant frequency at which the antenna transmits and/or receives the RF signal.

2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the plurality of switches is placed at selected points along the electrically conductive tab, the selected placements determining the resonant frequency of the antenna.

3. The antenna of claim 1, further comprising an actuating line associated with each switch, the actuating line controlling opening and closing of an associated switch.

4. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the plurality of switches is placed along the electrically conductive tab so as to allow the radiation pattern of the transmitted RF signal to be adjusted.

5. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the conductive tab has a recessed region for accommodating a connector associated with a switch of the plurality of switches.

6. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the conductive tab comprises a protrusion for accommodating a switch of the plurality of switches.

7. The antenna of claim 1, wherein at least one switch of the plurality of switches comprises a MEMS switch.

8. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the plurality of different frequencies span a frequency range, and wherein the width dimension of the conductive tab is smaller than the wavelength associated with the smallest frequency in the frequency range.

9. The antenna of claim 8, wherein the width dimension of the conductive tab is independent of the wavelength associated with the frequency in the frequency range at which the RF signal is being transmitted or received.

10. The antenna of claim 9, wherein the frequency range is between 900 MHz and 2.45 GHz.

11. The antenna of claim 10, wherein the width dimension of the antenna is between 5 and 6 cm.

12. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the conductive sheet, the electrically conductive tab, the plurality of switches and the feed line are all mounted on a common dielectric substrate.

13. The antenna of claim 1 wherein the tab and the conductive sheet each has a rectilinear configuration.

37. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the conductive sheet and the electrically conductive tab each have a major surface portion disposed on a common surface of a dielectric substrate.

38. The antenna of claim 1, wherein an entirety of said conductive sheet and an entirety of said electrically conductive tab are each disposed in a coplanar relationship to each other.

41. The antenna of claim 1, wherein said feed line comprises a microstrip line disposed to bridge a gap arranged between said conductive sheet and said electrically conductive tab.

42. The antenna of claim 41, wherein said plurality of switches also bridge said gap arranged between said conductive sheet and said electrically conductive tab.

43. The antenna of claim 1, wherein said feed line couples RF energy to and/or from the electrically conductive tab independently of and remotely from said plurality of switches.

44. The antenna of claim 1, wherein said plurality of switches are grouped together near one end of said conductive tab and said feed line is disposed near another end of said conductive tab.

45. The antenna of claim 44, wherein said feed line comprises a microstrip line disposed to bridge a gap arranged between said conductive sheet and said electrically conductive tab and wherein said plurality of grouped together switches are also arranged to separately bridge said gap.

14. A method for transmitting and/or receiving a RF signal at a desired one of a plurality of different frequencies comprising:

providing an electrically conductive sheet;

providing an electrically conductive tab having a width dimension and a length dimension, the electrically conductive tab positioned adjacent to the conductive sheet;

providing a plurality of switches along a width of the conductive tab, each switch of said plurality of switches controllable to electrically connect the conductive sheet to the electrically conductive tab;

coupling an RF signal to and/or from the electrically conductive tab; and

closing the plurality of switches in a controlled manner to change a desired resonant frequency at which the antenna transmits and/or receives the RF signal.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising varying the position of the plurality of switches, thereby varying the radiation pattern of the transmitted RF signal.

16. The method of claim 14, further comprising varying the geometry of the conductive tab, thereby varying the resonant frequency of the antenna.

17. The method of claim 14, further comprising providing a conductive tab having a recessed region for accommodating a switch in the plurality of switches.

18. The method of claim 14, further comprising providing a conductive tab having a protrusion for accommodating a switch in the plurality of switches.

19. The method of claim 14, further comprising providing an actuating line associated with each switch, the actuating line controlling the switch.

20. The method of claim 14, wherein at least one switch of the plurality of switches comprises a MEMS switch.

21. The method of claim 14, wherein the plurality of different frequencies span a frequency range, and wherein the width dimension of the conductive tab is smaller than the wavelength associated with the smallest frequency in the frequency range.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the width dimension of the conductive tab is independent of the wavelength associated with the RF signal being transmitted or received within the frequency range.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the frequency range is between 900 MHz and 2.45 GHz.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the width dimension of the antenna is between 5–

6 cm.

25. The method of claim 14 wherein at least one of the electrically conductive sheet and the electrically conductive tab has a perimeter having a rectilinear configuration.

26. The method of claim 14, wherein the wherein the conductive sheet, the electrically conductive tab, the plurality of switches and the feed line are all mounted on a common dielectric printed circuit board substrate, the conductive sheet and the tab being etched printed circuit board metallic members.

27. An antenna for transmitting and/or receiving a RF signal at a desired one of a plurality of different frequencies, the antenna comprising:

a conductive sheet;

an electrically conductive tab having a first dimension, the electrically conductive tab positioned adjacent to the conductive sheet;

a plurality of switches placed along the first dimension of the electrically conductive tab, each switch of said plurality of switches controllable to electrically connect the conductive sheet to the electrically conductive tab;

a feed line for coupling an RF signal to and/or from the electrically conductive tab; and

the plurality of switches being controllable to change a desired resonant frequency at which the antenna transmits and/or receives the RF signal, and wherein the plurality of switches are placed at selected points so as to allow the radiation pattern of RF signal to be adjusted.

28. The antenna of claim 27, further comprising an actuating line associated with each switch, the actuating line controlling the switch.

29. The antenna of claim 27, wherein the conductive tab comprises a recessed region for accommodating a switch in the plurality of switches.

30. The antenna of claim 27, wherein the conductive tab comprises a protrusion for accommodating a switch in the plurality of switches.

31. The antenna of claim 27, wherein at least one switch of the plurality of switches comprises a MEMS switch.

32. The antenna of claim 27, wherein the plurality of different frequencies span a frequency range, and wherein the first dimension of the conductive tab is smaller than the wavelength associated with the smallest frequency in the frequency range.

33. The antenna of claim 32, wherein the first dimension of the conductive tab is independent of the wavelength associated with the frequency in the frequency range at which the RF signal is being transmitted or received.

34. The antenna of claim 33, wherein the frequency range is between 900 MHz and 2.45 GHz.

35. The antenna of claim 34, wherein the first dimension of the antenna is between 5–

6 cm.

36. The antenna of claim 27, wherein the antenna is an F-antenna irrespective of which switch or switches of said plurality of switches is closed.

39. The antenna of claim 27, wherein the conductive sheet and the electrically conductive tab each have a major surface portion disposed on a common surface of a dielectric substrate.

40. The antenna of claim 27, wherein at least a portion of said conductive sheet and at least a portion of said electrically conductive tab are each disposed in a parallel, coplanar relationship to each other.