Cardiac output measurement using dual oxygen sensors in right and left ventricles
First Claim
1. An implantable medical device comprising:
- a pulse generator that delivers a first pacing pulse to a left ventricle and a second pacing pulse to a right ventricle following a pacing interval;
an oxygen saturation monitor that monitors a first blood oxygen saturation level in the left ventricle and a second blood oxygen saturation level in the right ventricle;
a processor that adjusts the pacing interval as a function of the first and second blood oxygen saturation levels;
a memory storing oxygen consumption data for the patient, wherein the processor computes cardiac output according to the Fick method based on the first and second blood oxygen saturation levels and the oxygen consumption data, and the hemoglobin data, and adjusts the pacing interval as a function of the computed cardiac output; and
an activity level sensor that senses an activity level of the patient, wherein the memory stores oxygen consumption data for different activity levels of the patient, and the processor computes the cardiac output based on oxygen consumption data in the memory that corresponds to the sensed activity level.
1 Assignment
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Accused Products
Abstract
A pacemaker provides multi-chamber pacing with a pacing interval that can be programmed and adapted in response to cardiac output measurements for a given patient. In a typical embodiment, the pacemaker may provide pacing stimuli to both ventricles of a heart. In addition, the invention may include a measurement device that incorporates first and second blood oxygen saturation sensors for deployment in the left and right ventricle. The oxygen saturation sensors provide a differential measurement that can be used to calculate cardiac output in accordance with the Fick method. The oxygen saturation sensors may be carried by a common trans-septal lead that positions one of the sensors proximate the right ventricle and the other sensor proximate the left ventricle. Alternatively, the oxygen saturation sensors may be deployed via separate leads. Whether single or dual leads are used to carry the oxygen saturation sensors, a respective lead may optionally carry electrodes for sensing, pacing, or both.
142 Citations
32 Claims
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1. An implantable medical device comprising:
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a pulse generator that delivers a first pacing pulse to a left ventricle and a second pacing pulse to a right ventricle following a pacing interval; an oxygen saturation monitor that monitors a first blood oxygen saturation level in the left ventricle and a second blood oxygen saturation level in the right ventricle; a processor that adjusts the pacing interval as a function of the first and second blood oxygen saturation levels; a memory storing oxygen consumption data for the patient, wherein the processor computes cardiac output according to the Fick method based on the first and second blood oxygen saturation levels and the oxygen consumption data, and the hemoglobin data, and adjusts the pacing interval as a function of the computed cardiac output; and an activity level sensor that senses an activity level of the patient, wherein the memory stores oxygen consumption data for different activity levels of the patient, and the processor computes the cardiac output based on oxygen consumption data in the memory that corresponds to the sensed activity level.
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2. An implantable medical device comprising:
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a pulse generator that delivers a first pacing pulse to a left ventricle and a second pacing pulse to a right ventricle following a pacing interval; an oxygen saturation monitor that monitors a first blood oxygen saturation level in the left ventricle and a second blood oxygen saturation level in the right ventricle; and a processor that adjusts the pacing interval as a function of the first and second blood oxygen saturation levels; a memory storing oxygen consumption data for the patient, wherein the processor computes cardiac output according to the Fick method based on the first and second blood oxygen saturation levels and the oxygen consumption data, and the hemoglobin data, and adjusts the pacing interval as a function of the computed cardiac output wherein the oxygen saturation monitor includes; a first optical sensor carried on a lead for deployment in the left ventricle of a patient to measure the blood oxygen saturation level in the left ventricle; and a second optical sensor carried on a lead for deployment in the right ventricle of the patient to measure the blood oxygen saturation level in the right ventricle.
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3. An implantable medical device comprising:
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a pulse generator that delivers a first pacing pulse to a left ventricle and a second pacing pulse to a right ventricle following a pacing interval; an oxygen saturation monitor that monitors a first blood oxygen saturation level in the left ventricle and a second blood oxygen saturation level in the right ventricle; and a processor that adjusts the pacing interval as a function of the first and second blood oxygen saturation levels; and a memory storing oxygen consumption data for the patient, wherein the processor computes cardiac output according to the Fick method based on the first and second blood oxygen saturation levels and the oxygen consumption data, and the hemoglobin data, and adjusts the pacing interval as a function of the computed cardiac output, wherein the oxygen saturation monitor comprises a first optical sensor and a second optical sensor which are carried on a common lead, lead including a lead body having a distal tip, and wherein; the first optical sensor is carried by the lead body adjacent the distal tip, wherein the first optical sensor includes a first emitter oriented to emit light outward from the distal tip and a first receiver oriented to receive light reflected toward the distal tip, and the second optical sensor includes a second emitter oriented to emit light laterally outward from a side of the lead body and a second receiver oriented to receive light reflected toward the side of the lead body. - View Dependent Claims (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A method comprising:
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delivering a first pacing pulse to a left ventricle of a patient; delivering a second pacing pulse to a right ventricle following a pacing interval; monitoring a first blood oxygen saturation level in the left ventricle and a second blood oxygen saturation level in the right ventricle; and adjusting the pacing interval as a function of the first and second blood oxygen saturation levels computing cardiac output according to the Fick method based on the first and second blood oxygen saturation levels and oxygen consumption data determined for the patient, wherein adjusting the pacing interval includes adjusting the pacing interval as a function of the computed cardiac output; sensing an activity level of the patient, and computing the cardiac output based on oxygen consumption data that corresponds to the sensed activity level.
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12. A method comprising:
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delivering a first pacing pulse to a left ventricle of a patient; delivering a second pacing pulse to a right ventricle following a pacing interval; monitoring a first blood oxygen saturation level in the left ventricle and a second blood oxygen saturation level in the right ventricle; and adjusting the pacing interval as a function of the first and second blood oxygen saturation levels; and sensing the blood oxygen saturation levels using; a first optical sensor carried on a lead deployed in the left ventricle of a patient to measure the blood oxygen saturation level in the left ventricle; and a second optical sensor carried on a lead deployed in the right ventricle of the patient to measure the blood oxygen saturation level in the right ventricle. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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21. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions that cause a processor to:
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control a pulse generator to deliver a first pacing pulse to a left ventricle of a patient, and deliver a second pacing pulse to a right ventricle following a pacing interval; monitor a first blood oxygen saturation level in the left ventricle and a second blood oxygen saturation level in the right ventricle; and adjust the pacing interval as a function of the first and second blood oxygen saturation levels wherein the instruction cause a processor to sense an activity level of the patient, and compute the cardiac output based on oxygen consumption data that corresponds to the sensed activity level.
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22. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions that cause a processor to:
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control a pulse generator to deliver a first pacing pulse to a left ventricle of a patient, and deliver a second pacing pulse to a right ventricle following a pacing interval; monitor a first blood oxygen saturation level in the left ventricle and a second blood oxygen saturation level in the right ventricle; and adjust the pacing interval as a function of the first and second blood oxygen saturation levels wherein the instructions cause the processor to compute the cardiac output based on a hemoglobin value determined for the patient.
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23. An implantable medical device comprising:
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means for delivering a first pacing pulse to a left ventricle of a patient; means for delivering a second pacing pulse to a right ventricle following a pacing interval; means for monitoring a first blood oxygen saturation level in the left ventricle and a second blood oxygen saturation level in the right ventricle; and means for adjusting the pacing interval as a function of the first and second blood oxygen saturation levels; means for computing cardiac output according to the Fick method based on the first and second blood oxygen saturation levels and oxygen consumption data determined for the patient, wherein the means for adjusting the pacing interval includes means for adjusting the pacing interval as a function of the computed cardiac output; and means for sensing an activity level of the patient, wherein the means for computing computes the cardiac output based on oxygen consumption data that corresponds to the sensed activity level.
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24. An implantable medical device comprising:
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means for delivering a first pacing pulse to a left ventricle of a patient; means for delivering a second pacing pulse to a right ventricle following a pacing interval; means for monitoring a first blood oxygen saturation level in the left ventricle and a second blood oxygen saturation level in the right ventricle; and means for adjusting the pacing interval as a function of the first and second blood oxygen saturation levels; and means for computing cardiac output according to the Fick method based on the first and second blood oxygen saturation levels and oxygen consumption data determined for the patient, wherein the means for adjusting the pacing interval includes means for adjusting the pacing interval as a function of the computed cardiac output, wherein the means for monitoring the blood oxygen saturation levels includes; a first optical sensor carried on a lead deployed in the left ventricle of a patient to measure the blood oxygen saturation level in the left ventricle; and a second optical sensor carried on a lead deployed in the right ventricle of the patient to measure the blood oxygen saturation level in the right ventricle. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32)
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Specification