Dual-service system and method for compressing and dispensing natural gas and hydrogen

• US 7,168,464 B2
• Filed: 09/09/2004
• Issued: 01/30/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 09/09/2004
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Integrys Transportation Fuels, LLC (Love's Travel Stops & Country Stores Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Pinnacle CNG Systems, LLC (WEC Energy Group, Inc.)
• Inventors: Diggins, David A.
• Primary Examiner(s): MAUST, TIMOTHY LEWIS
• Application Number:
  US10/937,055
• Publication Number:
  US 20060071016A1
• Time in Patent Office: 873 Days
• Field of Search: 141/2, 141/9, 141/67, 141/94, 141/95, 141100-105, 141/192, 141/234, 141/285, 141/302, 141/82, 137/263, 137/602, 222/129, 222/145.1, 222/145.5, 222/145.6, 222/145.7, 222/145.8
• US Class Current: 141/105
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2205/0326 electrically actuated
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2221/033 Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2221/035 Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2223/0123 gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2223/035 High pressure (>10 bar)
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2223/036 Very high pressure (>80 bar)
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2225/0123 gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2225/035 High pressure, i.e. between 10 and 80 bars
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2225/036 Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2227/0157 Compressors
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2227/0337 by cooling
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2250/01 Intermediate tanks
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2250/032 using computers
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2250/0447 Composition; Humidity
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2250/0636 Flow or movement of content
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2265/025 different fluids
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2265/065 for refueling vehicle fuel tanks
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 7/02 Discharging liquefied gases
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/32 Hydrogen storage
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 90/45 Hydrogen technologies in production processes
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 137/4807 : Tank type manifold [i.e., one tank supplies or receives from at least two others]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 137/87571 : Multiple inlet with single outlet

Abstract

A dual service system and method for selectively compressing and dispensing methane, hydrogen, and variable mixtures of methane and hydrogen for use as a gaseous fuel. The use of an in-line gas density meter, hydraulic intensifier, pressurized gas cooler, optional intermediate storage and multiple dispensers are disclosed. An inline gas density meter is used in combination with a programmable logic controller and a control valve on the hydrogen supply line to create a closed feedback loop for selectively controlling the hydrogen content of the resultant pressurized fuel gas.

Claims

1. A dual service system for use in compressing and dispensing pressurized gas, the system comprising:

a methane gas source at an inlet pressure greater than atmospheric pressure;

a hydrogen gas source at an inlet pressure greater than atmospheric pressure;

a compressor having an inlet and an outlet, the inlet communicating selectively with the methane gas source, with the hydrogen gas source, and with both the methane gas source and the hydrogen gas source, and the outlet having a discharge pressure greater than the inlet pressure of the methane gas and hydrogen gas;

valves selectively controlling the flow of methane gas and hydrogen gas to the compressor;

a cooler in fluid communication with the compressor outlet, the cooler being operable at a gas pressure at least as great as the discharge pressure of the compressor; and

a dispenser in downstream fluid communication with the cooler.

2. The dual service system of claim 1 wherein the compressor is a hydraulic intensifier.

3. The dual service system of claim 1 wherein the methane gas source is a natural gas source.

4. The dual service system of claim 1 wherein the inlet pressure of the methane gas ranges from about 5 psi to about 600 psi.

5. The dual service system of claim 1 wherein the inlet pressure of the hydrogen gas ranges from about 5 psi to about 3000 psi.

6. The dual service system of claim 1, further comprising a booster compressor disposed between and in fluid communication with the methane gas source and the compressor inlet.

7. The dual service system of claim 1, further comprising a booster compressor disposed between and in fluid communication with the hydrogen gas source and the compressor inlet.

8. The dual service system of claim 1, further comprising an intermediate storage vessel for pressurized gas that is disposed in downstream fluid communication with the cooler.

9. The dual service system of claim 8 wherein the intermediate storage vessel has an outlet that communicates selectively with a dispenser and with the compressor inlet.

10. The dual service system of claim 1 comprising a plurality of gas coolers.

11. The dual service system of claim 1 comprising a plurality of valves that are controllable to selectively control the flow of methane and hydrogen through the system.

12. The dual service system of claim 11 comprising a programmable logic controller communicating with at least one of the valves.

13. The dual service system of claim 1 comprising an in-line gas density meter disposed between the low pressure gas sources and the compressor inlet.

14. The dual service system of claim 13 wherein the gas density meter is operatively linked to a programmable logic controller.

15. The dual service system of claim 14 wherein the programmable logic controller is operatively linked to a control valve disposed in a flow line downstream from the low-pressure hydrogen gas source and upstream from the gas density meter.

16. The dual service system of claim 15 wherein the gas density meter, programmable logic controller and control valve cooperate to provide closed loop feedback whereby a flow of low-pressure hydrogen to the compressor inlet can be controlled in response to the density of the inlet gas upstream of the hydraulic intensifier.

17. The dual service system of claim 1 comprising a plurality of dispensers.

18. A method for compressing, cooling and dispensing methane and hydrogen, comprising the steps of:

providing separate low-pressure sources of methane and hydrogen;

selectively combining and compressing methane and hydrogen in desired ratios to produce a pressurized fuel gas having a pressure greater than the low-pressure sources of methane and hydrogen;

cooling the pressurized fuel gas; and

dispensing the pressurized fuel gas.

19. The method of claim 18 wherein the methane is provided in the form of natural gas.

20. The method of claim 18 wherein the mole ratio of methane to hydrogen ranges between about 10:

0 and about 0;

10.

21. The method of claim 20 wherein the mole ratio of methane to hydrogen is about 3:

2.

22. The method of claim 20 wherein the mole ratio of methane to hydrogen is about 3:

1.

23. The method of claim 20 wherein the mole ratio of methane to hydrogen is about 1:

1.

24. The method of claim 18 wherein the methane and hydrogen are compressed using a hydraulic intensifier.

25. The method of claim 24 wherein the pressure of the methane from the low-pressure source is boosted to an intermediate pressure and then charged to the hydraulic intensifier.

26. The method of claim 24 wherein the pressure of the hydrogen from the low-pressure source is boosted to an intermediate pressure and then charged to the hydraulic intensifier.

27. The method of claim 18 wherein the cooled, pressurized fuel gas is dispensed through a plurality of dispensers.

28. The method of claim 18 wherein the pressurized fuel gas is directed to intermediate storage from the cooler.

29. The method of claim 24 wherein the pressurized fuel gas is directed to intermediate storage from the cooler and is subsequently recycled through the hydraulic intensifier and further compressed to a higher pressure.

30. The method of claim 24 wherein the pressurized fuel gas is directed to intermediate storage from the cooler and is subsequently dispensed into a vehicular fuel storage tank having an internal storage pressure that is less than the intermediate storage pressure.

31. The method of claim 18 wherein the low pressure source of methane has a pressure ranging from about 5 to about 600 psi.

32. The method of claim 18 wherein the low pressure source of hydrogen has a pressure ranging from about 5 to about 3000 psi.

33. The method of claim 18 wherein pressurized fuel gas is dispensed at pressures ranging between 4500 and 10,000 psi.