Context-sensitive intelligent diffs of router configurations

• US 7,171,462 B1
• Filed: 12/18/2002
• Issued: 01/30/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 12/18/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Inventors: Joshi, Praveen, Kavasseri, Ramanathan, Natarajan, Shankar, Basu, Sankha
• Primary Examiner(s): LIN, WEN TAI
• Application Number:
  US10/322,852
• Time in Patent Office: 1,504 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 709/223
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0803 Configuration setting
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0863 by rolling back to previous configuration versions
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0866 Checking the configuration
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0883 Semiautomatic configuration, e.g. proposals from system

Abstract

Methods and devices are disclosed for determining differences in the configuration states of network devices. Context-sensitive diffs are produced by comparing two configuration files of a network device. According to some aspects of the invention, the context of each command is preserved in a “programmatic” format that is usable by a network element such as a router. In some aspects of the invention, only commands at a corresponding hierarchical level of the configuration files are compared when producing a diff, in order to increase accuracy and efficiency.

Claims

1. A method of comparing a first configuration file having first commands and a second configuration file having second commands, comprising:

determining first hierarchical levels of the first commands;

searching only second hierarchical levels in the second configuration file for second commands that match the first commands, wherein the second hierarchical levels correspond to the first hierarchical levels;

saving a first missing command for which no match is found in the searching step;

saving context information for the first missing command;

identifying a first re-ordered command that matches a second command, wherein the first re-ordered command has a first position in the first configuration file, wherein the second command has a second position in the second configuration file, and wherein the first position is different from the second position;

determining whether the first re-ordered command is order-sensitive; and

,

if the first re-ordered command is order-sensitive,

storing the first re-ordered command.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining step comprises determining a number of spaces preceding a first command.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first configuration file is a startup configuration file.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first configuration file is a running configuration file.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the searching step comprises determining a number of spaces preceding a second command.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the searching step comprises beginning a search after a position of a second command that matched a first command.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the context information comprises a command at a higher hierarchical level than the first missing command.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

determining second hierarchical levels of second commands in the second configuration file;

searching only first hierarchical levels in the first configuration file for first commands that match the second commands, wherein the first hierarchical levels correspond to the second hierarchical levels;

saving a second missing command for which no match is found in the searching step; and

saving context information for the second missing command.

9. A computer program stored in a computer-readable medium that includes instructions for causing a computer to compare a first configuration file having first commands and a second configuration file having second commands by performing the following actions:

determining first hierarchical levels of the first commands;

searching only second hierarchical levels in the second configuration file for second commands that match the first commands, wherein the second hierarchical levels correspond to the first hierarchical levels;

saving a first missing command for which no match is found in the searching step;

saving context information for the first missing command;

identifying a first re-ordered command that matches a second command, wherein the first re-ordered command has a first position in the first configuration file, wherein the second command has a second position in the second configuration file, and wherein the first position is different from the second position;

determining whether the first re-ordered command is order-sensitive; and

,

if the first re-ordered command is order-sensitive,

storing the first re-ordered command.

10. The computer program of claim 9, wherein the determining step comprises determining a number of spaces preceding a first command.

11. The computer program of claim 9, wherein the first configuration file is a startup configuration file.

12. The computer program of claim 9, wherein the first configuration file is a running configuration file.

13. The computer program of claim 9, wherein the searching step comprises determining a number of spaces preceding a second command.

14. The computer program of claim 9, wherein the searching step comprises beginning a search after a position of a second command that matched a first command.

15. The computer program of claim 9, wherein the context information comprises a command at a higher hierarchical level than the first missing command.

16. The computer program of claim 9, further comprising:

instructions for causing the computer to perform the following actions;

determining second hierarchical levels of second commands in the second configuration file;

searching only first hierarchical levels in the first configuration file for first commands that match the second commands, wherein the first hierarchical levels correspond to the second hierarchical levels;

saving a second missing command for which no match is found in the searching step; and

saving context information for the second missing command.

17. A network device for comparing a first configuration file having first commands and a second configuration file having second commands, wherein the network device is configured to perform the following actions:

determine first hierarchical levels of first commands in the first configuration file;

search only second hierarchical levels in the second configuration file for second commands that match the first commands, wherein the second hierarchical levels correspond to the first hierarchical levels;

save a first missing command for which no match is found in the searching step;

save context information for the first missing command;

identify a first re-ordered command that matches a second command, wherein the first re-ordered command has a first position in the first configuration file, wherein the second command has a second position in the second configuration file, and wherein the first position is different from the second position;

determine whether the first re-ordered command is order-sensitive; and

if the first re-ordered command is order-sensitive,

store the first re-ordered command.

18. The network device of claim 17, wherein the determining step comprises determining a number of spaces preceding a first command.

19. The network device of claim 17, wherein the first configuration file is a startup configuration file.

20. The network device of claim 17, wherein the first configuration file is a running configuration file.

21. The network device of claim 17, wherein the searching step comprises determining a number of spaces preceding a second command.

22. The network device of claim 17, wherein the searching step comprises beginning a search after a position of a second command that matched a first command.

23. The network device of claim 17, wherein the context information comprises a command at a higher hierarchical level than the first missing command.

24. The network device of claim 17, wherein the network device is further configured to:

determine second hierarchical levels of second commands in the second configuration file;

search only first hierarchical levels in the first configuration file for first commands that match the second commands, wherein the first hierarchical levels correspond to the second hierarchical levels;

save a second missing command for which no match is found in the searching step; and

save context information for the second missing command.

25. A network device for comparing a first configuration file having first commands and a second configuration file having second commands, the network device comprising:

means for determining first hierarchical levels of the first commands;

means for searching only second hierarchical levels in the second configuration file for second commands that match the first commands, wherein the second hierarchical levels correspond to the first hierarchical levels;

means for saving a first missing command for which no match is found in the searching step; and

means for saving context information for the first missing command;

means for identifying a first re-ordered command that matches a second command wherein the first re-ordered command has a first position in the first configuration file, wherein the second command has a second position in the second configuration file, and wherein the first position is different from the second position;

means for determining whether the first re-ordered command is order-sensitive; and

,

if the first re-ordered command is order-sensitive,

means for storing the first re-ordered command.

26. The network device of claim 25, wherein the means for determining comprises means for determining a number of spaces preceding a first command.

27. The network device of claim 25, wherein the first configuration file is a startup configuration file.

28. The network device of claim 25, wherein the first configuration file is a running configuration file.

29. The network device of claim 25, wherein the means for searching comprises means for determining a number of spaces preceding a second command.

30. The network device of claim 25, wherein the means for searching comprises beginning a search after a position of a second command that matched a first command.

31. The network device of claim 25, wherein the context information comprises a command at a higher hierarchical level than the first missing command.

32. The network device of claim 25, wherein the network device further comprises:

means for determining second hierarchical levels of second commands in the second configuration file;

means for searching only first hierarchical levels in the first configuration file for first commands that match the second commands, wherein the first hierarchical levels correspond to the second hierarchical levels;

means for saving a second missing command for which no match is found in the searching step; and

means for saving context information for the second missing command.