Method and architecture for dual-mode linear and saturated power amplifier operation

• US 7,177,370 B2
• Filed: 12/17/2003
• Issued: 02/13/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 12/17/2003
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Qorvo US, Inc. (Qorvo, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: TriQuint Semiconductor Incorporated (Qorvo, Inc.)
• Inventors: Apel, Thomas R., Zhang, Andrew, Stephens, Christopher R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Ghayour; Mohammed
• Assistant Examiner(s): File; Erin M.
• Application Number:
  US10/740,238
• Publication Number:
  US 20050135502A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,154 Days
• Field of Search: 375/297, 375/308, 332/100, 330/297
• US Class Current: 375/297
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/02 Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0261 with control of the polarisation voltage or current, e.g. gliding Class A
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/24 of transmitter output stages
• CPC Class Codes: H03G 3/3047 for intermittent signals, e.g. burst signals
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2001/045 with means for improving efficiency
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/38 TPC being performed in particular situations
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/52 using AGC [Automatic Gain Control] circuits or amplifiers

Abstract

An RF transmitter provides both GSM and EDGE capability by implementing collector voltage control over the power transistor(s) in a power amplifier. During EDGE mode, linear base-biasing a power amplifier (PA) allows collector control to provide either saturated mode PA operation (during ramp up/ramp down) or linear mode PA operation (during data burst). Collector control can therefore be used to provide the accurate ramp up and ramp down profiles required for both GSM and EDGE burst output signals, and can also be used to set the level of the constant envelope data burst of a GSM burst output signal, while linear mode PA operation can provide the non-constant envelope EDGE data burst. A variable gain amplifier is used to adjust the input signal to the power amplifier such that the desired transmission level is achieved.

Claims

1. A transmitter comprising:

a variable gain amplifier (VGA) for applying a first gain to a first modulated signal to generate a second modulated signal;

a power amplifier for applying a second gain to the second modulated signal to generate a burst output signal, wherein the power amplifier comprises a first power transistor; and

a collector control circuit for controlling the second gain by supplying a fixed collector voltage to a collector of the first power transistor in response to a first control signal, and by supplying a ramp control signal to the collector of the first power transistor in response to a second control signal;

a baseband circuit for converting a data bit stream into a baseband signal; and

an upconverter circuit for modulating the baseband signal onto a carrier frequency,

wherein the data bit stream comprises of a series of leading bits followed by a series of data bits followed by a series of trailing bits,

wherein when the transmitter is operating in Global System for Mobile Telecommunication (GSM) mode, a first digital-to-analog conversion (DAC) circuit in the baseband circuit performs digital-to-analog conversion on the data bit stream to generate the baseband signal, and

wherein when the transmitter is operating in Enhanced Data for Global Evolution (EDGE) mode, the first DAC circuit performs digital-to-analog conversion on an adjusted bit stream, the adjusted bit stream being created by replacing the series of leading bits and the series of trailing bits in the data bit stream with replacement bits, the replacement bits all having a common logic state.

2. The transmitter of claim 1, further comprising a bias control circuit for applying linear base-biasing to the first power transistor in response to a third control signal, and for applying saturation base-biasing to the first power transistor in response to a fourth control signal.

3. The transmitter of claim 2, wherein the power amplifier further comprises a second power transistor,

wherein the collector control circuit supplies the fixed collector voltage to a collector of the second power transistor in response to the first control signal, and supplies the ramp control signal to the collector of the second power transistor in response to the second control signal, and

wherein the bias control circuit applies linear base-biasing to the second power transistor in response to the third control signal, and applies saturation base-biasing to the second power transistor in response to the fourth control signal.

4. The transmitter of claim 1, wherein the fixed collector voltage comprises a supply voltage of the transmitter.

5. The transmitter of claim 1, wherein when the transmitter is operating in Global System for Mobile Telecommunication (GSM) mode, the bias control circuit applies saturation base-biasing to the first power transistor,

wherein when the transmitter is operating in GSM mode, the collector control circuit applies the ramp control signal to the collector of the first power transistor to cause the PA to generate the burst output signal,

wherein when the transmitter is operating in Enhanced Data for Global Evolution (EDGE) mode, the bias control circuit applies linear base-biasing to the first power transistor,

wherein when the transmitter is operating in EDGE mode, the collector control circuit supplies the ramp control signal to the collector of the first power transistor to cause the PA to generate a ramp up portion and a ramp down portion of the burst output signal, and

wherein when the transmitter is operating in EDGE mode, the collector control circuit supplies the fixed collector voltage to the collector of the first power transistor to cause the PA to generate a data burst portion of the burst output signal.

6. The transmitter of claim 5, wherein when the transmitter is operating in GSM mode, the first gain is at a first level,

wherein when the transmitter is operating in EDGE mode, the first gain is at a second level, the first level being greater than the second level.

7. The transmitter of claim 1, wherein both the series of leading bits and the series of trailing bits includes a set of tail bits, and wherein the replacement bits have the same logic state as the tail bits.

8. The transmitter of claim 1, wherein the baseband circuit further comprises a second DAC circuit,

wherein when the transmitter is operating in GSM mode, the second DAC circuit applies digital-to-analog conversion to the data bit stream to generate the ramp control signal, and

wherein when the transmitter is operating in EDGE mode, the second DAC circuit applies digital-to-analog conversion to the adjusted bit stream to generate the ramp control signal.

9. The transmitter of claim 8, wherein the baseband circuit further comprises a modulator,

wherein when the transmitter is operating in GSM mode, the modulator applies GMSK modulation to the data bit stream before providing the data bit stream to the first DAC circuit, and

wherein when the transmitter is operating in EDGE mode, the modulator applies Eight Phase Shift Keying (8PSK) modulation to the adjusted bit stream before providing the adjusted bit stream to the first DAC circuit.

10. The transmitter of claim 8, wherein when the transmitter is operating in GSM mode, the upconverter circuit applies GMSK modulation to the baseband signal, and

wherein when the transmitter is operating in EDGE mode, the upconverter circuit applies Eight Phase Shift Keying (8PSK) modulation to the baseband signal.

11. A method for operating a Global System for Mobile Telecommunication (GSM)/Enhanced Data for Global Evolution (EDGE) dual-mode transmitter, the method comprising:

generating a GSM-compliant burst output signal by saturation base-biasing a power transistor and regulating a collector voltage of the power transistor to amplify a GMSK-modulated signal into the GSM-compliant burst output signal, wherein regulating the collector voltage of the power transistor to amplify the GMSK-modulated signal comprises setting the collector voltage of the power transistor equal to a first ramp control signal;

generating a ramp up portion of an EDGE-compliant burst output signal by linear base-biasing the power transistor and regulating the collector voltage of the power transistor to amplify a first portion of a Eight Phase Shift Keying (8PSK)-modulated signal into the ramp up portion of the EDGE-compliant burst output signal, whereby the power transistor operates in saturated mode, wherein regulating the collector voltage of the power transistor to amplify the first portion of the 8PSK-modulated signal comprises setting the collector voltage of the power transistor equal to a second ramp control signal;

generating a data burst portion of the EDGE-compliant burst output signal by linear base-biasing the power transistor and setting the collector voltage of the power transistor equal to a supply voltage to amplify a second portion of the 8PSK-modulated signal into the data burst portion of the EDGE-compliant burst output signal, whereby the power transistor operates in linear mode;

generating a ramp down portion of the EDGE-compliant burst output signal by linear base-biasing the power transistor and regulating the collector voltage of the power transistor to amplify a third portion of the 8PSK-modulated signal into the ramp down portion of the EDGE-compliant burst output signal, whereby the power transistor operates in saturated mode, wherein regulating the collector voltage of the power transistor to amplify the third portion of the 8PSK-modulated signal comprises setting the collector voltage of the power transistor equal to the second ramp control signal, and;

generating the second baseband signal and the second ramp control signal from an EDGE digital data stream, the EDGE digital data stream comprising a set of leading bits followed by a set of data bits followed by a set of trailing bits, wherein generating the second baseband signal comprises;

replacing the set of leading bits and the set of trailing bits with a first set of replacement bits and a second set of replacement bits, respectively, to generate an adjusted digital data stream, wherein the first set of replacement bits and the second set of replacement bits all have a common logic state; and

performing digital-to-analog conversion on the adjusted digital data stream to generate the second baseband signal.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

generating the GMSK-modulated signal by modulating a first baseband signal onto a first carrier frequency using GMSK modulation; and

generating the 8PSK-modulated signal by modulating a second baseband signal onto a second carrier frequency using 8PSK modulation.

13. A method for operating a transmitter, the method comprising:

receiving a first digital data bit stream, the first digital data bit stream comprising a first set of leading bits followed by a first set of data bits followed by a first set of trailing bits;

replacing the first set of leading bits with a first set of constant replacement bits to generate a first modified bit stream;

generating a first modulated signal by applying a first modulation type to the first modified bit stream;

amplifying the first modulated signal into a ramp up portion of a first burst output signal;

generating a second modulated signal by applying the first modulation type to the first set of data bits;

amplifying the second modulated signal into a data burst portion of the first burst output signal;

replacing the first set of trailing bits with a second set of constant replacement bits to generate a second modified bit stream;

generating a third modulated signal by applying the first modulation type to the second modified bit stream; and

amplifying the second modulated signal into a ramp down portion of the first burst output signal.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the first modulation type is Eight Phase Shift Keying (8PSK) modulation, and wherein the first burst output signal is an Enhanced Data for Global Evolution (EDGE)-compliant signal.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:

receiving a second digital data bit stream;

generating a fourth modulated signal by applying GMSK modulation to the second digital data bit stream; and

amplifying the fourth modulated signal into a second burst output signal, wherein the second burst output signal is a Global System for Mobile Telecommunication (GSM)-compliant signal.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein the first set of leading bits comprises a first set of tail bits and the first set of trailing bits comprises a second set of tail bits, the first set of tail bits and the second set of tail bits all having a first logic state, and

wherein the first set of constant replacement bits and the second set of constant replacement bits all have the first logic state.

17. The method of claim 13, wherein the transmitter comprises a variable gain amplifier (VGA) and a power amplifier (PA), the PA comprising a power transistor,

wherein amplifying the first modulated signal comprises applying a first gain to the first modulated signal using the VGA to generate a first amplified signal, applying a second gain to the first amplified signal using the PA to generate the ramp up portion of the first burst output signal, and supplying a first ramp control signal to a collector of the power transistor to control the second gain,

wherein amplifying the second modulated signal comprises applying the first gain to the second modulated signal using the VGA to generate a second amplified signal, applying a third gain to the second amplified signal using the PA to generate the data burst portion of the first burst output signal, and supplying a fixed voltage to the collector of the power transistor to control third gain, and

wherein amplifying the third modulated signal comprises applying the first gain to the third modulated signal using the VGA to generate a third amplified signal, applying a fourth gain to the third amplified signal using the PA to generate the ramp down portion of the first burst output signal, and supplying a second ramp control signal to the collector of the power transistor to control the fourth gain.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the fixed voltage comprises a supply voltage of the transmitter.