Apparatus and method for assessing loads on adjacent bones

• US 7,182,736 B2
• Filed: 02/02/2004
• Issued: 02/27/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 08/25/2000
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Cleveland Clinic Foundation
• Original Assignee: Cleveland Clinic Foundation
• Inventors: Fleischman, Aaron J., Roy, Shuvo, Benzel, Edward C., Ferrara, Lisa
• Primary Examiner(s): Hindenburg; Max F.
• Assistant Examiner(s): SZMAL, BRIAN SCOTT
• Application Number:
  US10/769,823
• Publication Number:
  US 20040186396A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,121 Days
• Field of Search: 600/587, 600/594, 600/300, 435/174, 435/176, 435/177, 435/180, 435/181, 436/518, 436/524, 436/528, 436/531, 424/178.1, 530/402, 530/815, 530810-812, 623/16, 623/17
• US Class Current: 600/587
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/7044 also having plates, staples or washers bearing on the vertebrae
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0247 Pressure sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0261 Strain gauges
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/028 Microscale sensors, e.g. electromechanical sensors [MEMS]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0031 Implanted circuitry
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/036 by means introduced into body tracts A61B5/032 and A61B5/035 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4504 Bones A61B5/4547 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/30744 End caps, e.g. for closing an endoprosthetic cavity
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/442 Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient non-disc-shaped intervertebral inflatable pockets A61F2/441; non-disc-shaped intervertebral fusion implants A61F2/4455
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/446 having a circular or elliptical cross-section substantially parallel to the axis of the spine, e.g. cylinders or frustocones
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/2835 Bone graft implants for filling a bony defect or an endoprosthesis cavity, e.g. by synthetic material or biological material
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30563 having elastic means or damping means, different from springs, e.g. including an elastomeric core or shock absorbers
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3067 for data transfer
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30772 Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3085 with a threaded, e.g. self-tapping, bone-engaging surface, e.g. external surface
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4666 for measuring force, pressure or mechanical tension
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2250/0002 for data transfer

Abstract

An apparatus (10) that utilizes microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology to provide an in vivo assessment of loads on adjacent bones (24 and 26) comprises a body (34) for insertion between the adjacent bones. At least one sensor (42) is associated with the body (34). The sensor (42) generates an output signal in response to and indicative of a load being applied to the body (34) through the adjacent bones (24 and 26). A telemetric device (40) is operatively coupled with the sensor (42). The telemetric device (40) is operable to receive the output signal from the sensor (42) and to transmit an EMF signal dependent upon the output signal. According to various aspects of the invention, the sensor comprises a pressure sensor (42), a load cell (320), and/or at least one strain gauge (142).

Claims

1. An apparatus for providing an in vivo assessment of loads on adjacent bones in a living being, said apparatus comprising:

a body for insertion between the adjacent bones;

a first sensor assembly located within said body, said first sensor assembly generating an output signal in response to and indicative of a load being applied to said body through the adjacent bones; and

at least one telemetric device, located outside of said body but within the living being, said at least one telemetric device being operable to receive said output signal from said first sensor assembly and to transmit an EMF signal dependent upon said output signal.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said first sensor assembly comprises a pressure sensor.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a second sensor assembly located within said body, said at least one telemetric device being located at said second sensor assembly.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said second sensor assembly is operatively connected to said first sensor via a tube.

5. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said first sensor assembly is maintained in physical communication with an interior surface of said body.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising an implant associated with the adjacent bones, said implant being external to said body.

7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said implant is connected to the adjacent bones to stabilize the adjacent bones.

8. The apparatus of claim 6 further comprising at least one strain gauge mounted on said implant, said at least one strain gauge for generating a second output signal in response to a load being applied to said implant, said at least one strain gauge being electrically connected with said at least one telemetric device.

9. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said at least one telemetric device is located on said implant.

10. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein said at least one telemetric device is operatively connected to said first sensor via a tube such that said first sensor assembly is positioned inside a first end of said tube and a second end of said tube is attached to said implant.

11. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein said tube is packaged with a biomolecular coating such that said tube is covered with a monolayer coating of a desired biomolecule.

12. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said the desired biomolecule comprises one of collagen and hyaluronan.

13. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said body comprises a prosthetic device for preserving motion between the adjacent bones.