Process for preparing carboxylic acids and derivatives thereof
First Claim
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1. A process for preparing a carboxylic acid, comprising:
- providing an aqueous mixture including an ammonium salt of a carboxylic acid;
adding an organic amine that is immiscible in water to the aqueous mixture; and
heating the ammonium salt of a carboxylic acid in the presence of the organic amine to split said salt and form a reaction product comprising said carboxylic acid and said organic amine.
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Abstract
Processes for preparing carboxylic acids and derivatives thereof in which an ammonium salt of the carboxylic acid is heated in the presence of an organic reagent to split the salt and form the acid or, where the organic reagent is an esterifying agent, the corresponding ester. Both the acid and the ester may be dehydrated to form unsaturated counterparts.
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Citations
90 Claims
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1. A process for preparing a carboxylic acid, comprising:
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providing an aqueous mixture including an ammonium salt of a carboxylic acid; adding an organic amine that is immiscible in water to the aqueous mixture; and heating the ammonium salt of a carboxylic acid in the presence of the organic amine to split said salt and form a reaction product comprising said carboxylic acid and said organic amine. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32)
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33. A process for preparing a carboxylic acid, comprising
providing an aqueous mixture including an ammonium salt of a carboxylic acid; -
adding an organic solvent having a boiling point of at least 175°
C. when measured at a pressure of 1 atmosphere to the aqueous mixture; andheating an ammonium salt of a carboxylic acid in the presence of the organic solvent to split said salt and form a reaction product comprising said carboxylic acid and said organic solvent. - View Dependent Claims (34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58)
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- 59. A process for preparing a beta-hydroxy carboxylic acid ester, comprising heating an ammonium salt of a beta-haydroxy carboxylic acid and an esterifying agent int he absence of an acidifying agent other than the carboxylic acid of the ammonium salt to split said salt and form an ester comprising the reaction product of said carboxylic acid and said esterifying agent.
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75. A process for preparing a carboxylic acid ester, comprising:
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providing an aqueous mixture including an ammonium salt of a carboxylic acid; adding an organic solvent to the aqueous mixture, wherein the organic solvent is an amine that is immiscible in water or an organic solvent having a boiling point of at least 175°
C. when measured at a pressure of 1 atmosphere;heating the ammonium salt and form a reaction mixture comprising the carboxylic acid and the organic solvent; and adding an esterifying agent to the reaction mixture to form an ester comprising the reaction product of the carboxylic acid and the esterifying agent. - View Dependent Claims (76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88)
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89. A process for preparing 3-hydroxypropionic acid, comprising heating an ammonium salt of a 3-hydroxypropionic acid in the presence of an organic amine that is immiscible in water to split the salt and form a reaction product comprising 3-hydroxypropionic acid and the organic amine.
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90. A process for preparing 3-hydroxypropionic acid, comprising heating an ammonium salt of a 3-hydroxypropionic acid in the presence of an organic solvent having a boiling point of at least 175°
- C. when measured at a pressure of 1 atmosphere to split the salt and from a reaction product comprising 3-hydroxypropionic acid and the organic solvent.
Specification