Programmable, fluid pressure actuated blood processing systems and methods

• US 7,195,607 B2
• Filed: 02/07/2005
• Issued: 03/27/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 09/03/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Fenwal Incorporated (Fresenius SE & Co. KGaA)
• Original Assignee: Baxter International Inc.
• Inventors: Westberg, Tom, Vishnoi, Rohit
• Primary Examiner(s): Bianco; Patricia
• Assistant Examiner(s): DEAK, LESLIE R
• Application Number:
  US11/052,528
• Publication Number:
  US 20050147529A1
• Time in Patent Office: 778 Days
• Field of Search: 604/4.01, 604/5.01, 604/6.09, 604/6.1, 604/6.11, 604 65- 67, 604/151, 210645-646, 210/252, 210/258, 210/238, 210/781, 210/259, 210/260, 137/147, 137/565.01, 137/565.24, 417/477.2, 417/477.12, 417/437, 422 44- 48
• US Class Current: 604/6.11
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/30 Single needle dialysis ; Reciprocating systems, alternately withdrawing blood from and returning it to the patient, e.g. single-lumen-needle dialysis or single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/302 having a reservoir for withdrawn untreated blood
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/303 having a reservoir for treated blood to be returned
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/308 Volume control, e.g. with open or flexible containers, by counting the number of pump revolutions, weighing
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362227 the interface providing means for actuating on functional elements of the cassette, e.g. plungers
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/36225 with blood pumping means or components thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362261 at least one cassette surface or portion thereof being flexible, e.g. the cassette having a rigid base portion with preformed channels and being covered with a foil
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362262 Details of incorporated reservoirs
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362264 the filter being a blood filter
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362265 Details of valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362266 Means for adding solutions or substances to the blood
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3696 with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/128 with incorporated valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/331 used as turbidity change detectors, e.g. for priming-blood or plasma-hemoglubine-interface detection
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3393 by weighing the reservoir
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/109 incorporated within extracorporeal blood circuits or systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/113 in other functional devices, e.g. dialysers or heart-lung machines
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/36 for specific blood treatment; for specific therapy
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/427 the force acting on the blood contacting member being hydraulic or pneumatic
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/43 using vacuum at the blood pump, e.g. to accelerate filling
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/546 : of blood flow, e.g. by adapting rotor speed
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/847 : arranged in a cassette
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 13/02 : of two or more fluids at the same time
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 2205/09 : Flow through the pump
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 43/026 : each plate-like pumping flexible member working in its own pumping chamber
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 49/065 : and making use of computers

Abstract

Programmable, fluid pressure actuated blood processing systems and methods are used in association a blood separation device. The systems and methods employ a cassette, which contains several preformed, pneumatically actuated pump stations, several preformed fluid flow paths, and several preformed, pneumatically actuated valves in the fluid flow paths. The systems and methods also employ a programmable pneumatic actuator to hold the cassette and selectively apply pneumatic force to the valves and pump stations.

Claims

1. A programmable blood processing system coupled to a blood separation device comprising

a cassette containing first and second preformed, pneumatically actuated pump stations, more than two preformed fluid flow paths, and more than two preformed, pneumatically actuated valves in the fluid flow paths, a first pump station in selective communication with at least two fluid flow paths and a second pump station in selective communication with at least the same two fluid flow paths,

a control program, and

a programmable pneumatic actuator to hold the cassette and programmed to selectively apply pneumatic force to the valves and pump stations in response to the control program.

2. A system according to claim 1

wherein the pneumatic actuator selectively applies both positive pressure and negative pressure to the valves and pump stations.

3. A system according to claim 1

wherein the pneumatic actuator selectively applies positive pressure to close the valves and negative pressure to open the valves.

4. A system according to claim 1

wherein the pneumatic actuator selectively applies positive pressure to expel fluid from the pump stations and negative pressure to draw fluid into the pump stations.

5. A system according to claim 1

wherein at least one of the pump stations includes first and second pump chambers operating in tandem in response to the application of pneumatic force.

6. A programmable blood processing system coupled to a blood separation device comprising

a cassette containing first and second preformed, pneumatically actuated pump stations, more than two preformed fluid flow paths, and more than two preformed, pneumatically actuated valves in the fluid flow paths,

a control program, and

a programmable pneumatic actuator to hold the cassette and selectively apply pneumatic force to the valves and pump stations in response to the control program, the programmable pneumatic actuator being programmed to direct fluid flow through any selected pump station in either a forward direction between two valves, or a reverse direction between two valves, or an in-out direction through a single valve.

7. A system according to claim 6

wherein the pneumatic actuator selectively applies both positive pressure and negative pressure to the valves and pump stations.

8. A system according to claim 6

wherein the pneumatic actuator selectively applies positive pressure to close the valves and negative pressure to open the valves.

9. A system according to claim 6

wherein the pneumatic actuator selectively applies positive pressure to expel fluid from the pump stations and negative pressure to draw fluid into the pump stations.

10. A system according to claim 6

wherein at least one of the pump stations includes first and second pump chambers operating in tandem in response to the application of pneumatic force.