Battery charge/discharge monitoring circuit and method

• US 7,196,523 B1
• Filed: 04/23/2004
• Issued: 03/27/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 04/25/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Semiconductor Components Industries LLC (ON Semiconductor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Sanyo Electric Company Limited (Panasonic Holdings Corporation)
• Inventors: Yamada, Susumu
• Primary Examiner(s): TIBBITS, PIA FLORENCE
• Application Number:
  US10/831,631
• Time in Patent Office: 1,068 Days
• Field of Search: 324/428, 320/128, 320/132
• US Class Current: 324/428
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3832 without measurement of battery voltage

Abstract

A circuit for monitoring charge/discharge of a battery is disclosed. The circuit may comprise first and second terminal capacitors disposed for first and second terminals of a current detection resistor connected to a battery. The first and second terminal capacitors may develop an integrated voltage responsive to the charge/discharge current obtained from the individual terminals. The circuit may also include at least one comparator for comparing the individual integrated voltages developed by the first and second terminal capacitors with a reference voltage, the comparator having respective outputs which change when the individual integrated voltages reach the reference voltage. A terminal-by-terminal output change count difference output unit may count the number of times the output of the comparator changes and may output the difference between the number of times of change corresponding to the first terminal and the number of times of change corresponding to the second terminal.

Claims

1. A circuit for monitoring charge/discharge of a battery, comprising:

a first terminal connected to one end of a single current detection resistor serially connected to the battery so as to detect a charge current or a discharge current of the battery;

a second terminal connected to the other end of the current detection resistor;

a converter that converts a terminal potential of the first terminal at which a potential of the one end of the current detection resistor appears and a terminal potential of the second terminal at which a potential of the other end of the current detection resistor appears, into currents respectively;

a first terminal capacitor that develops an integrated voltage with supply of the current as converted by the converter from the terminal potential of the first terminal;

a second terminal capacitor that develops an integrated voltage with supply of the current as converted by the converter from the terminal potential of the second terminal;

a comparator that compares the integrated voltages developed by the first and second terminal capacitors with a reference voltage; and

an output section that outputs a difference between

the number of times of change in an output of the comparator, the output changing when the integrated voltage of the first terminal capacitor reaches the reference voltage, and

the number of times of change in an output of the comparator, the output changing when the integrated voltage of the second terminal capacitor reaches the reference voltage.

2. The circuit for monitoring charge/discharge of a battery according to claim 1, wherein

the first terminal capacitor is the one selected from two or more capacitors, and wherein

when one capacitor of the two or more capacitors has developed an integrated voltage corresponding to the terminal potential of the first terminal which has reached the reference voltage, at least one capacitor already discharged of the two or more capacitors other than the one capacitor starts to develop an integrated voltage corresponding to the terminal potential of the first terminal, and wherein

when the at least one capacitor of the two or more capacitors other than the one capacitor has developed an integrated voltage corresponding to the terminal potential of the first terminal which has reached the reference voltage, one capacitor already discharged of the two or more capacitors starts to develop an integrated voltage corresponding to the terminal potential of the first terminal.

3. The circuit for monitoring charge/discharge of a battery according to claim 2, wherein

the one capacitor is discharged when the at least one capacitor of the two or more capacitors other than the one capacitor has developed the integrated voltage corresponding to the terminal potential of the first terminal which has reached the reference voltage, and wherein

the at least one capacitor of the two or more capacitors other than the one capacitor is discharged when the one capacitor has developed the integrated voltage corresponding to the terminal potential of the first terminal which has reached the reference voltage.

4. The circuit for monitoring charge/discharge of a battery according to claim 1, wherein

the second terminal capacitor is the one selected from two or more capacitors, and wherein

when one capacitor of the two or more capacitors has developed an integrated voltage corresponding to the terminal potential of the second terminal which has reached the reference voltage, at least one capacitor already discharged of the two or more capacitors other than the one capacitor starts to develop an integrated voltage corresponding to the terminal potential of the second terminal, and wherein

when the at least one capacitor of the two or more capacitors other than the one capacitor has developed an integrated voltage corresponding to the terminal potential of the second terminal which has reached the reference voltage, one capacitor already discharged of the two or more capacitors starts to develop an integrated voltage corresponding to the terminal potential of the second terminal.

5. The circuit for monitoring charge/discharge of a battery according to claim 4, wherein

the one capacitor is discharged when the at least one capacitor of the two or more capacitors other than the one capacitor has developed the integrated voltage corresponding to the terminal potential of the second terminal which has reached the reference voltage, and wherein

the at least one capacitor of the two or more capacitors other than the one capacitor is discharged when the one capacitor has developed the integrated voltage corresponding to the terminal potential of the second terminal which has reached the reference voltage.

6. The circuit for monitoring charge/discharge of a battery according to claim 1, wherein

the comparator includes a shared single comparator section that compares the integrated voltage of the first terminal capacitor and the integrated voltage of the second terminal capacitor with the reference voltage respectively.

7. The circuit for monitoring charge/discharge of a battery according to claim 6, wherein

the output section includes an up/down counter that

upcounts/downcounts the number of times of change in the output of the comparator section having an output that changes every time the integrated voltage of the first terminal capacitor reaches the reference voltage, and that

downcounts/upcounts the number of times of change in the output of the comparator section having an output that changes every time the integrated voltage of the second terminal capacitor reaches the reference voltage.

8. The circuit for monitoring charge/discharge of a battery according to claim 1, wherein

the converter includes a shared single converter section that selectively converts either one of the terminal potential of the first terminal or the terminal potential of the second terminal, into a current, and wherein

the circuit further comprises a switching section that

connects the first terminal to an input of the converter section and connects the output of the converter section to the first terminal capacitor, or that

connects the second terminal to an input of the converter section and connects the output of the converter section to the second terminal capacitor.

9. The circuit for monitoring charge/discharge of a battery according to claim 1, wherein

the circuit is integrated into an integrated circuit.

10. A method of monitoring charge/discharge of a battery, comprising the steps of:

converting a terminal potential of the first terminal at which a potential of one end of a single current detection resistor serially connected to the battery appears and a terminal potential of the second terminal at which a potential of the other end of the current detection resistor appears, into a current respectively so as to detect a charge current or discharge current of the battery;

developing an integrated voltage with supply of the current as converted from the terminal potential of the first terminal;

developing an integrated voltage with supply of the current as converted from the terminal potential of the second terminal;

comparing the integrated voltage corresponding to the terminal potential of the first terminal and the integrated voltage corresponding to the terminal potential of the second terminal with a reference voltage respectively; and

outputting a difference between

the number of times that the integrated voltage corresponding to the terminal potential of the first terminal reaches the reference voltage, and

the number of times that the integrated voltage corresponding to the terminal potential of the second terminal reaches the reference voltage.

11. A circuit for monitoring charge/discharge of a battery, comprising:

a first terminal connected to one end of a current detection resistor serially connected to the battery so as to detect a charge current or a discharge current of the battery;

a second terminal connected to the other end of the current detection resistor;

a converter shared between the first and second terminals, that converts a terminal potential of the first terminal at which a potential of the one end of the current detection resistor appears and a terminal potential of the second terminal at which a potential of the other end of the current detection resistor appears, into currents respectively;

a first terminal capacitor that develops an integrated voltage with supply of the current as converted by the converter from the terminal potential of the first terminal;

a second terminal capacitor that develops an integrated voltage with supply of the current as converted by the converter from the terminal potential of the second terminal;

a switching section that connects the first terminal to an input of the converter and connects the output of the converter to the first terminal capacitor, or that connects the second terminal to an input of the converter and connects the output of the converter to the second terminal capacitor;

a comparator that compares the integrated voltages developed by the first and second terminal capacitors with a reference voltage; and

an output section that outputs a difference between

the number of times of change in an output of the comparator, the output changing when the integrated voltage of the first terminal capacitor reaches the reference voltage, and

the number of times of change in an output of the comparator, the output changing when the integrated voltage of the second terminal capacitor reaches the reference voltage.

12. A circuit for monitoring charge/discharge of a battery, comprising:

a first terminal connected to one end of a single current detection resistor serially connected to the battery so as to detect a charge current or a discharge current of the battery;

a second terminal connected to the other end of the current detection resistor;

a converter that converts a terminal potential of the first terminal at which a potential of the one end of the current detection resistor appears and a terminal potential of the second terminal at which a potential of the other end of the current detection resistor appears, into currents respectively;

a first terminal capacitor that develops an integrated voltage with supply of the current as converted by the converter from the terminal potential of the first terminal;

a second terminal capacitor that develops an integrated voltage with supply of the current as converted by the converter from the terminal potential of the second terminal;

a comparator that compares the integrated voltages developed by the first and second terminal capacitors with a reference voltage; and

an output section that outputs a difference between

the number of times of change in an output of the comparator, the output changing when the integrated voltage of the first terminal capacitor reaches the reference voltage, and

the number of times of change in an output of the comparator, the output changing when the integrated voltage of the second terminal capacitor reaches the reference voltage, wherein

the first terminal capacitor is comprised of a plurality of capacitors such that when one capacitor of the plurality of capacitors has developed the integrated voltage corresponding to the first terminal which has reached the reference voltage, at least one capacitor of the plurality of capacitors other than the one capacitor starts to develop the integrated voltage corresponding to the first terminal, and wherein

the second terminal capacitor is comprised of a plurality of capacitors such that when one capacitor of the plurality of capacitors has developed the integrated voltage corresponding to the second terminal which has reached the reference voltage, at least one capacitor of the plurality of capacitors other than the one capacitor starts to develop the integrated voltage corresponding to the second terminal.

13. A circuit for monitoring charge/discharge of a battery, comprising:

a first terminal connected to one end of a single current detection resistor serially connected to the battery so as to detect a charge current or a discharge current of the battery;

a second terminal connected to the other end of the current detection resistor;

a converter that converts a terminal potential of the first terminal at which a potential of the one end of the current detection resistor appears and a terminal potential of the second terminal at which a potential of the other end of the current detection resistor appears, into currents respectively;

a first terminal capacitor that develops an integrated voltage with supply of the current as converted by the converter from the terminal potential of the first terminal;

a second terminal capacitor that develops an integrated voltage with supply of the current as converted by the converter from the terminal potential of the second terminal;

a comparator that compares the integrated voltages developed by the first and second terminal capacitors with a reference voltage; and

an output section that outputs a difference between

the number of times of change in an output of the comparator, the output changing when the integrated voltage of the first terminal capacitor reaches the reference voltage, and

the number of times of change in an output of the comparator, the output changing when the integrated voltage of the second terminal capacitor reaches the reference voltage, wherein

the circuit is integrated into an integrated circuit.