Failing over a virtual machine

• US 7,213,246 B1
• Filed: 03/28/2002
• Issued: 05/01/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 03/28/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Veritas Technologies, LLC (Whitehouse Group Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Veritas Operating Corporation (Gen Digital Inc.)
• Inventors: van Rietschote, Hans F., Srivastava, Sharad, Joshi, Mahesh, Panemangalore, Sachinrao C.
• Primary Examiner(s): An; Meng-Al T.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Truong; Camquy
• Application Number:
  US10/108,882
• Time in Patent Office: 1,860 Days
• Field of Search: 719/318, 719/321, 711/159, 714/10, 718/1, 718/100, 709/1, 707/206, 707/204
• US Class Current: 718/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/1438 Restarting or rejuvenating
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/1482 by means of middleware or OS functionality
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/2028 eliminating a faulty processor or activating a spare
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/2035 without idle spare hardware
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/2038 with a single idle spare processing component
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/2046 where the redundant components share persistent storage G06F11/2043 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2009/45575 Starting, stopping, suspending or resuming virtual machine instances
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2201/815 Virtual middleware or OS functionality using virtual machines to implement generic software techniques for error detection or fault masking G06F11/1484
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/45558 Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99953 Recoverability
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99955 Archiving or backup

Abstract

A first computer system may be configured to execute a first application in a first virtual machine. A second computer system may be coupled to the first computer system. In response to a failure, the first computer system is configured to failover the first virtual machine to the second computer system. A carrier medium comprises first instructions which, when executed, initiate a failover of a first virtual machine. An application executes on the first virtual machine. The failover occurs from a first computer system on which a failure occurs to a second computer system.

Claims

1. An apparatus comprising:

a first computer system configured to execute, in a first virtual machine, a first application and an operating system on which the first application is designed to execute; and

a second computer system coupled to the first computer system, wherein, in response to a failure on the first computer system, the first virtual machine is failed over to the second computer system, wherein the second computer system is coupled to receive a message requesting the failover, and wherein the second computer system is configured to obtain an image of the first virtual machine, and wherein the second computer system is configured to begin executing the first virtual machine from the image responsive to receiving the message requesting the failover;

wherein the first computer system is further configured to execute a second application in a second virtual machine, the second application configured to initiate the failover of the first virtual machine to the second computer in response to the failure, and wherein the second application is configured to transmit the message.

2. The apparatus as recited in claim 1 further comprising a storage device coupled to the first computer system and the second computer system, wherein failing over the first virtual machine includes the first computer system storing the image of the first virtual machine on the storage device and the second computer system reading the image of the first virtual machine from the storage device.

3. The apparatus as recited in claim 2 wherein the storage device stores a plurality of images of the first virtual machine, and wherein one of the plurality of images is selected as the image read by the second computer system.

4. The apparatus as recited in claim 2 wherein the second computer system is configured to activate the first virtual machine.

5. The apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein the first virtual machine further includes an agent configured to monitor the first application and to communicate with the second application to detect the failure.

6. The apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein the second computer system is further configured to execute the second application in a third virtual machine, and wherein the second application comprises instructions which, when executed, activate the first virtual machine on the second computer system.

7. The apparatus as recited in claim 6 wherein the second application on the second virtual machine is configured to transmit the message to the second application on the third virtual machine to indicate that the first virtual machine is to be activated on the second computer system.

8. A storage medium storing first instructions which, when executed, initiate a failover of a first virtual machine in which an application and an operating system executes during use, wherein the application is designed to execute on the operating system, and wherein the failover occurs from a first computer system on which a failure occurs to a second computer system, wherein the first instructions initiating the failover comprise instructions which, when executed, transmit a message requesting the failover to the second computer system to cause the second computer system to begin executing the first virtual machine from an image of the first virtual machine, and wherein the first instructions execute within a second virtual machine during use, the second virtual machine executing on the first computer system during use.

9. The storage medium as recited in claim 8 further storing second instructions which execute within the first virtual machine during use, and wherein the second instructions, when executed, monitor the application and communicate with the first instructions to detect the failure.

10. The storage medium as recited in claim 8 wherein the first instructions initiating the failover includes causing the image of the first virtual machine to be written to a storage accessible to both the first computer system and the second computer system.

11. The storage medium as recited in claim 10 further storing third instructions which, when executed, start the first virtual machine on the second computer system from the image on the storage responsive to the message from the first instructions.

12. The storage medium as recited in claim 11 wherein the third instructions execute within a third virtual machine on the second computer system during use.

13. A computer-implemented method comprising:

detecting a failure in a first virtual machine on a first computer system, wherein the first virtual machine comprises an application and an operating system on which the application is designed to execute;

sending a message requesting a failover to a second computer system, wherein the detecting and the sending are performed by a second application executing on a second virtual machine on the first computer system; and

failing over the first virtual machine to the second computer system in response to the detecting and in response to the second computer system receiving the message requesting the failover.

14. The method as recited in claim 13 wherein the failing over comprises:

storing an image of the first virtual machine from the first computer system on a storage accessible to both the first computer system and the second computer system; and

reading the image from the storage into the second computer system.