Apparatus and method for facilitating the connection of tubulars using a top drive

• US 7,213,656 B2
• Filed: 04/26/2004
• Issued: 05/08/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 12/24/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Weatherford Technology Holdings, LLC (Weatherford International PLC)
• Original Assignee: Weatherford/Lamb Incorporated (Weatherford International PLC)
• Inventors: Pietras, Bernd-Georg
• Primary Examiner(s): Gay; Jennifer H.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Stephenson; Daniel P
• Application Number:
  US10/831,864
• Publication Number:
  US 20040194965A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,107 Days
• Field of Search: 166/77.51, 166/85.1, 166/78.1, 166/380, 175/162, 175/171
• US Class Current: 166/380
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 19/16 Connecting or disconnecting pipe couplings or joints E21B19/20 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 21/106 Valve arrangements outside the borehole, e.g. kelly valves valves specifically for maintaining circulation of drilling fluid while connecting or disconnecting tubular joints E21B21/019

Abstract

An apparatus and method for facilitating the connection of tubulars using a top drive and is, more particularly but not exclusively, intended for facilitating the connection of a section or stand of casing to a string of casing.

Claims

1. A method of connecting a first casing to a second casing using a top drive, comprising:

coupling a gripping apparatus to the top drive, the gripping apparatus having a radially movable gripping element adapted to engage the first casing and a seal for sealing between the gripping apparatus and an inner diameter of the casing;

actuating the gripping element to engage the first casing;

actuating the top drive to rotate the gripping apparatus and the first casing relative to the second casing thereby connecting the first casing to the second casing;

pumping a fluid through the gripping apparatus into the casing; and

actuating the seal with a fluid pressure inside the casing.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein engaging the first casing comprises moving the gripping element radially into engagement with the first casing.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the gripping element engages an interior surface of the first casing.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the gripping element engages an exterior surface of the first casing.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the gripping element forcibly grips an exterior surface of the first casing.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising aligning the first casing to the second casing by moving the gripping apparatus in a substantially horizontal plane relative to the top drive.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising rotating the first casing and the second casing to form a borehole.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the gripping apparatus comprises a circulating tool.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the gripping apparatus is adapted to engage an exterior surface of the first casing.

10. The method of claim 9, further comprising a second gripping apparatus adapted to engage an interior surface of the first casing.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the second gripping apparatus forcibly grips an interior surface of the first casing.

12. The method of claim 1, further comprising lifting the connected first casing and second casing with the top drive.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein actuating the top drive rotates the gripping apparatus and the gripping element and wherein the gripping element transfers the rotation to the first casing.

14. The method of claim 1 wherein actuating the gripping element comprises supplying a hydraulic fluid to actuate the gripping element.

15. The method of claim 1, comprising supplying a fluid pressure to move the gripping element.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein the movable gripping element comprises a plurality of movable gripping elements.

17. A method of connecting a first casing to a second casing using a top drive, comprising:

coupling a gripping apparatus to the top drive, the gripping apparatus having a radially movable gripping element adapted to engage the first casing, and further including a seal for sealing between the gripping apparatus and an inner diameter of the first casing, the seal having a recess that opens to an area beneath the seal;

actuating the gripping element to engage the first casing;

actuating the top drive to rotate the gripping apparatus and the first casing relative to the second casing thereby connecting the first casing to the second casing; and

pumping a fluid through the gripping apparatus into the first casing and thereby increasing a fluid pressure in the area beneath the seal so that a surface of the seal seals against a wall of the first casing through an action of the fluid pressure from an interior of the first casing into the recess.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein engaging the first casing comprises moving the gripping element radially into engagement with the first casing.

19. The method of claim 17, further comprising lowering the top drive to lower the first casing.

20. The method of claim 19, further comprising lowering the second casing.

21. The method of claim 20, further comprising rotating the first casing and the second casing.

22. The method of claim 21, further comprising forming a borehole.

23. The method of claim 17, wherein the radially movable gripping element comprises a plurality of radially movable gripping elements.

24. The method of claim 17, wherein the gripping element engages an interior surface of the first casing.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the gripping element forcibly grips an interior surface of the first casing.

26. The method of claim 17, wherein the gripping element engages an exterior surface of the first casing.

27. The method of claim 26, wherein the gripping element forcibly grips and exterior surface of the first casing.

28. The method of claim 17, wherein the gripping apparatus comprises a circulating tool.

29. The method of claim 17, further comprising coupling an elevator to the top drive.

30. The method of claim 29, further comprising supporting the first casing with the elevator.

31. The method of claim 17, wherein the gripping apparatus further comprises a second radially movable gripping element.

32. The method of claim 31, wherein the gripping element is adapted to engage an interior surface of the first casing and the second gripping element is adapted to engage an exterior surface of the first casing.

33. The method of claim 17, wherein the area beneath the seal is an annular area defined by an outer diameter of at least a portion of the gripping apparatus and the inner diameter of the first casing.

34. An apparatus for connecting a first casing to a second casing using a top drive, comprising

a body including at least a portion connected thereto having an outer diameter greater than an inner diameter of the first casing wherein the portion may be lowered onto the top of the first casing;

a motive fluid supply operatively connected to the body;

at least one movable gripping element operatively connected to the body and movable to engage or disengage the first casing in response to a fluid pressure change from the motive fluid supply; and

a seal connected to the body for sealing between the apparatus and an inner diameter of the first casing, the seal having a recess that opens to an area beneath the seal so that pumping a fluid through the apparatus results in increased fluid pressure in the area beneath the seal and thereby seals an exterior sealing surface of the seal against the inner diameter of the first casing at a location axially proximate at least a portion of the recess.

35. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the radially movable gripping element comprises a plurality of radially movable gripping elements.

36. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein the gripping elements are configured to engage the inner diameter of the first casing.

37. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein the gripping elements are configured to engage an outer diameter of the first casing.

38. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein the gripping elements are movable to forcibly grip an outer diameter of the first casing.

39. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the apparatus comprises a circulating tool.

40. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the apparatus comprises an elevator.

41. The apparatus of claim 34 further comprising a second radially movable gripping element.

42. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the area beneath the seal is an annular area defined by an outer diameter of at least a portion of the apparatus and the inner diameter of the first casing.

43. The apparatus of claim 42, further comprising a motive fluid supply operatively connected thereto and configured to supply motive fluid for moving the gripping element.

44. An apparatus for connecting a first casing to a second casing using a top drive, comprising:

a top drive; and

a gripping apparatus operatively coupled to the top drive, the gripping apparatus comprising;

at least one radially movable gripping element operatively coupled to at least one fluid driven piston and movable therewith to engage or disengage the first casing; and

a seal for sealing between the gripping apparatus and an inner diameter of the first casing, the seal having a recess that opens to an area beneath the seal so that pumping a fluid through the gripping apparatus results in increased fluid pressure in the area beneath the seal and thereby seals an exterior sealing surface of the seal against the inner diameter of the casing at a location axially proximate at least a portion of the recess.

45. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the gripping element comprises a plurality of gripping elements.

46. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the gripping element is movable toward an axis of the first casing to a casing gripping position.

48. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the gripping element is movable away from an axis of the first casing to a casing gripping position.

47. An apparatus for connecting a first casing to a second casing using a top drive, comprising:

a plurality of movable gripping elements to engage and disengage the first casing and movable in response to fluid pressure from a motive fluid supply operatively connected thereto;

a cylindrical body having a central passage there through; and

a seal for sealing between the apparatus and an inner diameter of the first casing, the seal having a recess isolated from the central passage, the recess and the central passage each opening to an interior of the first casing below the apparatus.

49. The apparatus of claim 47, wherein the gripping elements are movable in response to an increase in fluid pressure.

50. The apparatus of claim 47, wherein the gripping elements are movable in response to a decrease in fluid pressure.

51. The apparatus of claim 47, wherein the seal is energized by a pressure within the interior of the first casing.

52. A method of connecting a first casing to a second casing using a top drive, comprising:

coupling a gripping apparatus to the top drive, the gripping apparatus having a radially movable gripping element adapted to engage the first casing and a seal for sealing between the gripping apparatus and an inner diameter of the casing;

actuating the gripping element to engage the first casing wherein actuating the gripping element comprises supplying a hydraulic fluid to actuate the gripping element;

actuating the top drive to rotate the gripping apparatus and the first casing relative to the second casing thereby connecting the first casing to the second casing wherein the gripping element transfers the rotation to the first casing;

pumping a fluid through the gripping apparatus into the casing; and

actuating the seal with a fluid pressure inside the casing and below the gripping element, the seal having a recess isolated from direct communication with the central passage, the recess and the central passage each opening to an interior of the casing below the gripping apparatus.

53. A method of connecting a first casing to a second casing using a top drive, comprising:

coupling a gripping apparatus to the top drive, the gripping apparatus having a movable gripping element adapted to engage the first casing and a seal for sealing between the gripping apparatus and a wall of the casing;

actuating the gripping element to forcibly grip the first casing wherein actuating the gripping element comprises changing a motive fluid pressure to actuate the gripping element;

actuating the top drive to rotate the gripping apparatus and the first casing relative to the second casing thereby connecting the first casing to the second casing wherein the gripping element transfers a rotation force to the first casing;

pumping a fluid through the gripping apparatus into the casing; and

actuating the seal with a fluid pressure inside the casing and below the gripping element, the seal having a recess isolated from direct communication with the central passage, the recess and the central passage each opening to an interior of the casing below the gripping apparatus.

54. The method of claim 53, wherein the gripping element comprises a plurality of gripping elements.

55. The method of claim 53, wherein the movable gripping element is movable toward and away from an axis of the first casing.

56. An apparatus for connecting a first casing to a second casing using a top drive, comprising:

a body having a central passage there through;

at least one movable gripping element adapted to engage and disengage the first casing and movable in response to fluid pressure from a motive fluid supply operatively connected to the body; and

a seal for sealing between the apparatus and an inner diameter of the first casing, the seal having a recess isolated from the central passage, the recess and the central passage each opening to an interior of the first casing below the apparatus wherein the seal is energized by a pressure within the interior of the first casing.

57. The apparatus of claim 56, wherein the gripping element is movable toward and away from an axis of the first casing.

58. The apparatus of claim 57, wherein the gripping element comprises a plurality of gripping elements.