Process for the preparation of monodisperse polymer particles
First Claim
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1. A process for the preparation of monodisperse polymer particles having diameters of 1 to 6 μ
- m which process comprises;
forming an aqueous dispersion comprising monodisperse swellable seed particles, an anionic surfactant, and droplets comprising dioctanoyl peroxide;
contacting the aqueous dispersion of seed particles with a monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylic monomers, methacrylate monomers and vinyl monomers selected from the group consisting of styrene, divinylbenzene (DVB), ethyl vinyl benzene, vinyl pyridine, amino-styrene, methyl-styrene, dimethylstyrene, ethyl styrene, ethyl-methyl-styrene, p-chlorostyrene and 2,4-dichlorostyrene;
allowing the monomer to diffuse into the seed particles to form an aqueous dispersion of swollen seed particles; and
initiating polymerization of the monomer in the aqueous dispersion of swollen seed particles wherein the aqueous phase of the aqueous dispersion of swollen seed particles during polymerisation further containing as a steric stabilizer a polyvinylpyrrolidone.
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Abstract
A process for the preparation of monodisperse polymer particles which are formed by contacting monomers with aqueous dispersions comprising monodisperse swellable seed polymers/oligomers, and initiating polymerization in the presence of a steric stabilizer. The resulting swollen seed particles are characterized by the particle mode diameter.
73 Citations
98 Claims
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1. A process for the preparation of monodisperse polymer particles having diameters of 1 to 6 μ
- m which process comprises;
forming an aqueous dispersion comprising monodisperse swellable seed particles, an anionic surfactant, and droplets comprising dioctanoyl peroxide; contacting the aqueous dispersion of seed particles with a monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylic monomers, methacrylate monomers and vinyl monomers selected from the group consisting of styrene, divinylbenzene (DVB), ethyl vinyl benzene, vinyl pyridine, amino-styrene, methyl-styrene, dimethylstyrene, ethyl styrene, ethyl-methyl-styrene, p-chlorostyrene and 2,4-dichlorostyrene; allowing the monomer to diffuse into the seed particles to form an aqueous dispersion of swollen seed particles; and initiating polymerization of the monomer in the aqueous dispersion of swollen seed particles wherein the aqueous phase of the aqueous dispersion of swollen seed particles during polymerisation further containing as a steric stabilizer a polyvinylpyrrolidone. - View Dependent Claims (78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84)
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2. A process for the preparation of monodisperse polymer particles having diameters of 1 to 6 μ
- m which process comprises;
forming an aqueous dispersion comprising monodisperse swellable seed particles and an anionic surfactant; contacting the aqueous dispersion of seed particles with a monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylic monomers, methacrylate monomers and vinyl monomers selected from the group consisting of styrene, divinylbenzene (DVB), ethyl vinyl benzene, vinyl pyridine, amino-styrene, methyl-styrene, dimethylstyrene, ethyl styrene, ethyl-methyl-styrene, p-chlorostyrene and 2,4-dichlorostyrene; allowing the monomer to diffuse into the seed particles to form an aqueous dispersion of swollen seed particles; and initiating polymerization of the monomer in the aqueous dispersion of swollen seed particles wherein the aqueous phase of the aqueous dispersion of swollen seed particles during polymerisation further contains as a steric stabilizer a polyvinylpyrrolidone; wherein the monodisperse swellable seed particles are monodisperse swellable seed oligomer particles. - View Dependent Claims (85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90)
- m which process comprises;
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3. A process for the preparation of monodisperse polymer particles having diameters of 1 to 6 μ
- m which process comprises;
forming an aqueous dispersion comprising monodisperse swellable seed particles, an anionic surfactant, and droplets comprising dioctyladipate; contacting the aqueous dispersion of seed particles with a monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylic monomers, methacrylate monomers and vinyl monomers selected from the group consisting of styrene, divinylbenzene (DVB), ethyl vinyl benzene, vinyl pyridine, amino-styrene, methyl-styrene, dimethylstyrene, ethyl styrene, ethyl-methyl-styrene, p-chlorostyrene and 2,4-dichlorostyrene; allowing the monomer to diffuse into the seed particles to form an aqueous dispersion of swollen seed particles; and initiating polymerization of the monomer in the aqueous dispersion of swollen seed particles wherein the aqueous phase of the aqueous dispersion of swollen seed particles during polymerisation further contains as a steric stabilizer a polyvinylpyrrolidone; wherein the monomer is an amino-functionalized monomer and a polymerization initiator is added after the seed particles have been swollen. - View Dependent Claims (91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98)
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4. A process for the preparation of monodisperse polymer particles which process comprises:
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forming an aqueous dispersion comprising monodisperse swellable seed particles and an anionic surfactant; contacting the aqueous dispersion of seed particles with a monomer; allowing the monomer to diffuse into the seed particles to form an aqueous dispersion of swollen seed particles having a mode diameter in the range 5 to 200 μ
m; andinitiating polymerization of the monomer in the aqueous dispersion of swollen seed particles, wherein the aqueous phase of the aqueous dispersion of swollen seed particles during polymerisation further contains as a steric stabilizer a water soluble cellulose ether of weight average molecular weight 10 to 100 kD. - View Dependent Claims (5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 55, 56, 57)
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23. A process for the preparation of monodisperse polymer particles having a diameter of at least 16 μ
- m which process comprises;
forming an aqueous dispersion comprising monodisperse swellable seed particles and an anionic surfactant; contacting the aqueous dispersion of seed particles with a monomer; allowing the monomer to diffuse into the seed particles to form an aqueous dispersion of swollen seed particles; and initiating polymerization of the monomer in the aqueous dispersion of swollen seed particles to produce a polymer, wherein the swollen seed particles contain at least two porogens, at least one of which is a solvent for the polymer produced and at least one of which is not a solvent for the polymer produced and at least one porogen is an aliphatic hydrocarbon having up to 12 carbon atoms. - View Dependent Claims (24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 58, 59, 60)
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41. A process for the preparation of monodisperse polymer particles which process comprises
forming an aqueous dispersion comprising monodisperse swellable seed particles and an anionic surfactant; -
contacting the aqueous dispersion of seed particles with at least two monomers; allowing the monomers to diffuse into the seed particles to form an aqueous dispersion of swollen seed particles that swell at least 3.5 times in diameter; and imitating polymerization of the monomers in the aqueous dispersion of swollen seed particles to produce polymer particles; wherein at least two monomers are selected from the group consisting of acrylic, methacrylic acid and ester monomers and combinations of these monomers; and wherein the aqueous phase of the aqueous dispersion of swollen seed particles during polymerisation further contains a steric stabilizer. - View Dependent Claims (42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 64)
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54. A method of cleaning monodisperse polymer particles produced by swelling seed particles in an aqueous dispersion and polymerizing a monomer with swollen seed particles, the method comprising contacting the monodisperse polymer particles with butyl acetate.
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61. A process for the preparation of monodisperse seed particles, the process comprising:
emulsion polymerising monomer in an aqueous dispersion in the presence of an anionic surfactant employed as an emulsifier under substantially oxygen free conditions to form swellable seed particles having a mode diameter in the range 0.2 to 1μ
m.- View Dependent Claims (62, 63, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77)
Specification