Method and apparatus for fiberscope

• US 7,218,822 B2
• Filed: 10/04/2004
• Issued: 05/15/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 09/03/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Chemimage Corporation
• Original Assignee: Chemimage Corporation
• Inventors: Nelson, Matthew, Treado, Patrick J., Demuth, Joseph E.
• Primary Examiner(s): AMARI, ALESSANDRO V
• Application Number:
  US10/956,044
• Publication Number:
  US 20060051036A1
• Time in Patent Office: 953 Days
• Field of Search: 385/116, 385/117, 385/119, 356/301, 600/160, 600/177, 600/181
• US Class Current: 385/117
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 1/00165 with light-conductive means, e.g. fibre optics A61B1/07 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 1/043 for fluorescence imaging
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 1/07 using light-conductive means, e.g. optical fibres
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0075 by spectroscopy, i.e. measuring spectra, e.g. Raman spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy A61B5/0071 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0084 for introduction into the body, e.g. by catheters A61B5/1459 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 2003/1213 Filters in general, e.g. dichroic, band
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/02 Details
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/021 using plane or convex mirrors, parallel phase plates, or particular reflectors
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/0218 using optical fibers
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/0256 Compact construction
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/0264 Electrical interface; User interface
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/0291 Housings; Spectrometer accessories; Spatial arrangement of elements, e.g. folded path arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/32 Investigating bands of a spectrum in sequence by a single detector
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/44 Raman spectrometry; Scattering spectrometry ; Fluorescence spectrometry
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/3155 Measuring in two spectral ranges, e.g. UV and visible
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/4742 comprising optical fibres
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/6419 Excitation at two or more wavelengths
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/6421 Measuring at two or more wavelengths
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/6484 Optical fibres
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/656 Raman microprobe
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/33 : using ultraviolet light G01N21/39 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/359 : using near infrared light
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/474 : Details of optical heads therefor, e.g. using optical fibres
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/645 : Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/65 : Raman scattering
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 23/2423 : of the distal end
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 23/2469 : using optical fibres
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/06 : the relative position of the fibres being the same at both ends, e.g. for transporting images
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/29398 : Temperature insensitivity

Abstract

The disclosure generally relates to a method and apparatus for a fiberscope. In one embodiment, the disclosure relates to a chemical imaging fiberscope for imaging and collecting optical spectra from a sample having at least one illumination fiber for transmitting light from a first an a second light source to a distal end of a fiberscope; a dichroic mirror disposed at said distal end of the fiberscope such that light from said first light source passes substantially straight through said mirror and light of a predetermined wavelength from said second light source is substantially reflected by said mirror toward said sample to thereby illuminate said sample; and at least one collection fiber for receiving light from said illuminated sample and transmitting the received light to an optical device.

Claims

1. A chemical imaging fiberscope for imaging and collecting at least one spectra from a sample comprising:

at least one illumination fiber for transmitting light from a first and a second light source to a distal end of said fiberscope;

a dichroic mirror disposed at said distal end of the fiberscope such that light from said first light source passes substantially through said mirror and light of a predetermined wavelength from said second light source is substantially reflected by said mirror toward said sample to thereby illuminate said sample; and

at least one collection fiber for receiving light from said illuminated sample and transmitting the received light to one or more optical device.

2. The fiberscope of claim 1 including plural illumination fibers wherein at least one of said plural illumination fibers transmits light exclusively from said first light source.

3. The fiberscope of claim 1 further comprising a spectral filter disposed between said sample and said at least one collection fiber so that said predetermined wavelength of light from said second light source is rejected.

4. The fiberscope of claim 3 wherein said predetermined wavelength is approximately 670 nanometers.

5. The fiberscope of claim 3 wherein said predetermined wavelength comprises at least one wavelength each of which is in a range of wavelengths from 220 to 1500 nanometers.

6. The fiberscope of claim 3 wherein said predetermined wavelength comprises at least one wavelength each of which is in a range of wavelengths from 500 to 850 nanometers.

7. The fiberscope of claim 3 wherein said predetermined wavelength comprises at least one wavelength each of which is in a range of wavelengths from 270 to 550 nanometers.

8. The fiberscope of claim 1 wherein said second light source is a laser.

9. The fiberscope of claim 1 wherein said first light source is a broadband near infrared light source.

10. The fiberscope of claim 1 wherein said second light source is a broadband near infrared light source.

11. The fiberscope of claim 1 wherein said second light source is a broadband visible light source.

12. The fiberscope of claim 1 wherein said second light source is a broadband ultraviolet light source.

13. The fiberscope of claim 1 including plural illumination fibers wherein one of said plural illumination fibers transmits light exclusively from said first light source and wherein another of said plural illumination fibers transmits light exclusively from said second light source.

14. The fiberscope of claim 1 including a third light source such that said at least one illumination fiber transmits light from said first, second, and third light sources to said distal end of said fiberscope.

15. The fiberscope of claim 14 wherein said first light source is a broadband near infrared light source, said second light source is a laser, and said third light source is a broadband visible light source.

16. The fiberscope of claim 1 wherein the optical device is an optical spectrometer adapted to be used with one or more of a Raman spectra, VIS/NIR spectra or Fluorescence Spectra.

17. The fiberscope of claim 1 wherein said optical device is a chemical imaging spectrometer and detector configured to perform chemical imaging for Raman, VIS/NIR and fluorescence.

18. The fiberscope of claim 1 wherein the light received by said at least one collection fiber is scattered from said illuminated sample.

19. The fiberscope of claim 1 wherein the light received by said at least one collection fiber is Raman scattered from said illuminated sample.

20. The fiberscope of claim 1 wherein the light received by said at least one collection fiber is reflected from said illuminated sample.

21. The fiberscope of claim 1 wherein the light received by said at least one collection fiber is fluoresced from said illuminated sample.

22. The fiberscope of claim 1 wherein the light received by said at least one collection fiber has a wavelength in a range of wavelengths shifted from the illuminating wavelength by −

4000 to +4000 wavenumbers (cm<sup>−

1</sup>).

23. The fiberscope of claim 1 further comprising a spatial filter disposed between said sample and said at least one collection fiber for controlling the angular field of view of said at least one collection fiber.

24. The fiberscope of claim 1 wherein the optical properties of said dichroic mirror are insensitive to temperature changes.

25. The fiberscope of claim 1 wherein the optical properties of said dichroic mirror are insensitive to humidity changes.

26. The fiberscope of claim 1 further comprising a lens disposed between said sample and said at least one collection fiber.

27. The fiberscope of claim 1 further comprising a housing for enclosing said fiberscope.

28. The fiberscope of claim 27 including a window at said distal end of said fiberscope.

29. The fiberscope of claim 28 wherein said window is substantially composed of a material selected from the group consisting of quartz, diamond, sapphire, plastic, glass, and semiconductor.

30. The fiberscope of claim 28 wherein said window includes a first portion which is spatially patterned for filtering the light from said first light source and a second portion which is transparent for the light from said illuminated sample.

31. The fiberscope of claim 1 including a switch for alternately connecting either said first or said second light source to said at least one illumination fiber,

wherein said switch connects said first light source to said illumination fiber for guiding said fiberscope to said sample and wherein said switch connects said second light source to said illumination fiber for illuminating said sample.

32. A system for imaging and collecting spectra from a sample comprising:

a near infrared (“

NIR”

) light source;

a laser light source;

a fiberscope including;

at least one illumination fiber;

a dichroic mirror; and

at least one collection fiber; and

an optical device,

wherein said at least one illumination fiber is operatively connected at a proximate end to said NIR light source and said laser light source so as to transmit light from said light sources to said dichroic mirror disposed in proximity to a distal end of said illumination fiber, and

wherein said dichroic mirror allows light from said NIR light source to pass substantially straight through said mirror and substantially reflects light from said laser light source toward said sample to thereby illuminate said sample, and

wherein said at least one collection fiber receives light from said illuminated sample and transmits the received light to said optical device for imaging and collecting the spectra of said sample.

33. The system of claim 32 further comprising a spectral filter disposed between said sample and said collection fiber for rejecting light having a wavelength substantially the same as the wavelength of light emitted by said laser light source.

34. The system of claim 33 further comprising a spatial filter disposed between said sample and said collection fiber for controlling the angular field of view of said collection fiber.

35. The system of claim 34 further comprising a lens disposed between said sample and said collection fiber.

36. The system of claim 35 further comprising a housing for enclosing said fiberscope.

37. The system of claim 36 including a window at said distal end of said fiberscope.

38. The system of claim 37 wherein said window is substantially composed of a material selected from the group consisting of quartz, diamond, sapphire, plastic, glass, and semiconductor.

39. The system of claim 37 wherein said window includes a first portion which is spatially patterned for filtering the light from said NIR light source and a second portion which is transparent for the light from said illuminated sample.

40. The system of claim 37 including a switch for alternately connecting either said NIR light source or said laser light source to said illumination fiber,

wherein said switch connects said NIR light source to said illumination fiber for guiding said fiberscope to said sample and wherein said switch connects said laser light source to said illumination fiber for illuminating said sample.

41. The system of claim 32 wherein the optical device is an optical spectrometer adapted to be used with one or more of a Raman spectra, VIS/NIR spectra or Fluorescence Spectra.

42. The system of claim 32 wherein said optical device is a chemical imaging spectrometer and detector configured to perform chemical imaging for Raman, VIS/NIR and fluorescence.

43. The system of claim 32 wherein the light received by said collection fiber is scattered from said illuminated sample.

44. The system of claim 32 wherein the light received by said collection fiber is Raman scattered from said illuminated sample.

45. The system of claim 32 wherein the light received by said collection fiber is reflected from said illuminated sample.

46. The system of claim 32 wherein the light received by said collection fiber is fluoresced from said illuminated sample.

47. The system of claim 32 wherein the light received by said at least one collection fiber has a wavelength in a range of wavelengths shifted from the illuminating wavelength by −

4000 to +4000 wavenumbers (cm<sup>−

1</sup>).

48. A method of imaging and collecting spectra from a sample, the method comprising the steps of:

providing a fiberscope including;

at least one illumination fiber operatively connected at a proximate end to a first light source and a second light source so as to transmit light from said first and second light sources to a dichroic mirror disposed in proximity to a distal end of the fiberscope;

at least one collection fiber for receiving light from said illuminated sample and transmitting the received light to an optical device; and

a dichroic mirror disposed at the distal end of the fiberscope which allows light from the first light source to pass substantially straight through the mirror and substantially reflects light from the second light source toward the sample to thereby illuminate said sample;

guiding the fiberscope using light from the first light source; and

imaging and collecting spectra from the sample using light from the second source.

49. The method of claim 48, wherein the spectra is VIS/NIR.

50. The method of claim 48, wherein the spectra is fluorescence.

51. The method of claim 48, wherein the spectra is Raman.