System and method for limiting power demand in an energy delivery system

• US 7,218,998 B1
• Filed: 07/11/2005
• Issued: 05/15/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 07/11/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Stephen D. Neale
• Original Assignee: Stephen D. Neale
• Inventors: Neale, Stephen D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Masinick; Michael D.
• Application Number:
  US11/178,841
• Time in Patent Office: 673 Days
• Field of Search: 700/295, 700/296, 700/297, 700/298, 700/292, 702/57, 702/58, 702/62, 702/65, 702/66, 307/31, 307/34, 713/300, 713/320, 713/310
• US Class Current: 700/295
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00004 characterised by the power network being locally controlled
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00007 using the power network as support for the transmission
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00016 using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00017 using optical fiber
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00018 using phone lines
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00019 using optical means
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00022 using wireless data transmission
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00034 the elements or equipment being or involving an electric power substation
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/14 The load or loads being home appliances
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/58 The condition being electrical
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/14 by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/30 Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/3225 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 90/20 Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector smart grids supporting the management or operation of end-user stationary applications in general, or like technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S20/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/222 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/242 Home appliances
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/121 using the power network as support for the transmission
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/124 using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/126 using wireless data transmission

Abstract

An intelligent demand controller protects the local customer premises supply transformer from overload and senses conditions on the transformer. The intelligent demand control system utilizes a communications network with a plurality of load control units having a unique address and residing at a plurality of customer premises. A demand controller monitors the voltages and frequency of electricity provided to the customer premises as well as the instantaneous current required by the operating loads of the customer premises. Each of the plurality of demand controllers may be associated with one or more of a plurality of load control units and configured to receive data related to the state of the power supplied to the plurality of controlled loads and generate a transmit message using a predefined communication protocol. When certain programmable conditions are met, a load control unit is signaled to remove power from one or more of its monitored loads.

Claims

1. An autonomous power demand limiting system for a customer premises transformer which intelligently limits power demand comprising:

at least one demand controller fed by a common customer premises transformer, each of the at least one demand controller being identified by a unique demand controller identification code, coupled to a main feed electrical line at the customer premises and configured to monitor the conditions under which the common customer premises transformer is operating and further comprising an interface coupled to a communications network in electrical communication with the demand controller;

at least one load controller in communication with each of the at least one demand controllers, each of the at least one load controllers being identified by a unique load controller identification code and configured to have a load coupled to a relay, the relay with a unique relay identification code being configured to monitor and communicate the real-time current utilized by the load;

wherein the communication network is selected from a group consisting of a public switched telephone network, a digital communications system and a legacy communication system and wherein each of the at least one demand controller determines the state of the local supply transformer from the monitored parameters and calculates a response to an out-of-range line condition that will bring the respective parameter back in range such that a shut off command is formulated for a known operating load and transmitted by the demand controller to the appropriate load controller using the unique load controller identification code, the appropriate load controller using the unique demand controller identification code, the load controller sending a shut off command to the relay with the unique relay identification code to shut off that operating load.

2. The power demand limiting system of claim 1 further comprising a capacitance controller in communication with and corresponding to each demand controller and residing at the customer premises, wherein the demand controller analyzes a power factor of the customer premises transformer and transmits a formatted instruction to the capacitance controller such that capacitors are switched in or out of the electricity supply in order to bring the power factor back in range, thereby allowing full utilization of the customer premises transformer capacity.

3. The power demand limiting system of claim 1 wherein an electricity supplier communicates with a demand controller via the communications system to set out-of-range definitions and retrieve operating logs.

4. The power demand limiting system of claim 1 wherein a customer communicates with a demand controller via the communications system to establish load shedding priorities and exceptions and retrieve operating logs.

5. The power demand limiting system of claim 1 wherein each demand controller collects waveforms in order to extract positional data from customizable regions of the waveform and thereby determines conditions existing on the primary side of the customer premises transformer that can be an early indicator of a systemic problem, the waveforms being stored in the operating logs for further analysis.