Methods and apparatus for distributing content within a content delivery system

• US 7,222,185 B1
• Filed: 10/03/2002
• Issued: 05/22/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 10/03/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Inventors: Day, Mark Stuart
• Primary Examiner(s): Maung; Zarni
• Assistant Examiner(s): DAFTUAR, SAKET K
• Application Number:
  US10/263,963
• Time in Patent Office: 1,692 Days
• Field of Search: 709/203, 709/213, 709/231, 709/244, 709/232, 370/432
• US Class Current: 709/232
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/185 with management of multicast group membership
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/1886 with traffic restrictions for efficiency improvement, e.g. involving subnets or subdomains
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/1101 Session protocols
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/611 for multicast or broadcast systems for broadcast or conference H04L12/18; arrangements for broadcast or distribution combined with broadcast H04H20/00; arrangements for broadcast applications with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time H04H60/00; selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS], H04W4/06
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/612 for unicast

Abstract

A system controller selects a transmission mode for content distribution based upon the relative popularity of the content within the content distribution system. The system controller receives a content distribution request from a content source and detects a content distribution characteristic for content to be distributed by the content source, in response to receiving the content distribution request. When the content distribution characteristic indicates the content as being relatively popular, or frequently requested by receivers in the content distribution system, the system controller selects a one-to-many transmission mode for the content. When the content distribution characteristic indicates the content as being relatively unpopular, or infrequently requested by receivers in the content distribution system), the system controller selects a one-to-one transmission mode for the content. By selecting a transmission mode based upon the relative popularity of the content, the system controller maximizes network resources, thereby causing the network to operate economically.

Claims

1. In a system controller for a content distribution system, a method for selecting a content distribution mode comprising the steps of:

receiving a content distribution request from a content source;

detecting, in response to receiving the content distribution request, a content distribution characteristic for content to be distributed by the content source; and

selecting a transmission mode, from one of a first transmission mode and a second transmission mode, for distributing the content within the content distribution system based upon the content distribution characteristic, the first transmission mode being a one-to-one transmission and the second transmission mode being a one-to-many transmission,

detecting comprises detecting, in response to receiving the content distribution request, the content distribution characteristic for content to be distributed by the content source, the content distribution characteristic indicating a number of receivers that request the content over a period of time,

in response to detecting, comparing the content distribution characteristic with a threshold limit, and

selecting comprises selecting a one-to-many transmission mode for distributing the content within the content distribution system when the content distribution characteristic satisfies the threshold limit and selecting a one-to-one transmission mode for distributing the content within the content distribution system when the content distribution characteristic does not satisfy the threshold limit; and

further comprising the step of transmitting a transition marker to at least one receiver associated with the content distribution system, the transition marker indicating a switching of content distribution between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode.

2. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of transmitting a synchronization marker to the at least one receiver, the synchronization marker indicating, to the at least one receiver, at least one transition point between the content distributed using the first transmission mode and the content distributed using the second transmission mode, thereby minimizing creation of a switching artifact.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of detecting comprises the steps of:

receiving a content reception characteristic related to the content distributed in the content distribution system, the content reception characteristic indicating reception of the content by at least one content receiver, and

comparing the content reception characteristic with a threshold condition; and

wherein the step of selecting comprises the step of;

selecting a transmission mode for the content based upon a result of the comparison of the content reception characteristic and the threshold condition.

4. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of directing at least one content source associated with the content distribution system to transmit the content using the selected transmission mode for the content.

14. The method of claim 1 wherein selecting comprises selecting the one-to-many transmission mode for distributing the content within the content distribution system when the content distribution characteristic is greater than the threshold limit and selecting the one-to-one transmission mode for distributing the content within the content distribution system when the content distribution characteristic is less than the threshold limit.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein transmitting further comprises:

transmitting an allocation table to the at least one receiver associated with the content distribution system, the allocation table having a channel field indicating the number of channels available for distribution of content within the content distribution system, a use field indicating an operation state of a channel in the channel field, and a marker field, the marker field having the transition marker.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein transmitting the allocation table comprises transmitting the allocation table to the at least one receiver associated with the content distribution system via an allocation table channel, the allocation table channel being distinct from a content delivery channel used for distributing the content within the content distribution system.

18. The method of claim 1, wherein transmitting the transition marker to at least one receiver associated comprises transmitting, to the at least one receiver associated with the content distribution system, a starting marker indicating termination of the transmission of content being transmitted in the one-to-one transmission mode.

19. The method of claim 1, wherein transmitting the transition marker to at least one receiver associated comprises transmitting, to the at least one receiver associated with the content distribution system, a stopping marker indicating termination of the transmission of content being transmitted in the one-to-many transmission mode.

5. A device associated with a content distribution system comprising:

at least one communications interface;

a controller; and

an interconnection mechanism coupling the at least one communications interface and the controller;

wherein the controller is configured to;

receive a content distribution request from a content source through the interface;

detect, in response to receiving the content distribution request, a content distribution characteristic for content to be distributed by the content source through the interface; and

select a transmission mode, from one of a first transmission mode and a second transmission mode, for distributing the content within the content distribution system based upon the content distribution characteristic, the first transmission mode being a one-to-one transmission and the second transmission mode being a one-to-many transmission,

when detecting, detect, in response to receiving the content distribution request, the content distribution characteristic for content to be distributed by the content source, the content distribution characteristic indicating a number of receivers that request the content over a period of time,

in response to detecting, compare the content distribution characteristic with a threshold limit, and

when selecting, select a one-to-many transmission mode for distributing the content within the content distribution system when the content distribution characteristic satisfies the threshold limit and selecting a one-to-one transmission mode for distributing the content within the content distribution system when the content distribution characteristic does not satisfy the threshold limit; and

wherein the controller is configured to transmit a transition marker to at least one receiver associated with the content distribution system, the transition marker indicating a switching of content distribution between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode.

6. The device of claim 5 wherein the controller is configured to transmit a synchronization marker to the at least one receiver, the synchronization marker indicating, to the at least one receiver, at least one transition point between the content distributed using the first transmission mode and the content distributed using the second transmission mode, thereby minimizing creation of a switching artifact.

7. The device of claim 5 wherein the controller, while detecting, is configured to:

receive a content reception characteristic related to the content distributed in the content distribution system, the content reception characteristic indicating reception of the content by at least one content receiver, and

compare the content reception characteristic with a threshold condition; and

wherein the computerized device, while selecting, is configured to;

select a transmission mode for the content based upon a result of the comparison of the content reception characteristic and the threshold condition.

8. The device of claim 5 wherein the controller is configured to direct at least one content source associated with the content distribution system to transmit the content using the selected transmission mode for the content.

9. A computer program product having a computer-readable medium including computer program logic encoded thereon that, when performed on a controller in a computerized device having a coupling to at least one communications interface provides a method for performing the operations of:

receiving a content distribution request from a content source;

detecting, in response to receiving the content distribution request, a content distribution characteristic for content to be distributed by the content source; and

selecting a transmission mode, from one of a first transmission mode and a second transmission mode, for the content within the content distribution system based upon the content distribution characteristic, the first transmission mode being a one-to-one transmission and the second transmission mode being a one-to-many transmission,

detecting comprises detecting, in response to receiving the content distribution request, the content distribution characteristic for content to be distributed by the content source, the content distribution characteristic indicating a number of receivers that request the content over a period of time,

in response to detecting, comparing the content distribution characteristic with a threshold limit, and

selecting comprises selecting a one-to-many transmission mode for distributing the content within the content distribution system when the content distribution characteristic satisfies the threshold limit and selecting a one-to-one transmission mode for distributing the content within the content distribution system when the content distribution characteristic does not satisfy the threshold limit; and

transmitting a transition marker to at least one receiver associated with the content distribution system, the transition marker indicating a switching of content distribution between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode.

10. A computerized device comprising:

at least one communications interface;

a controller; and

an interconnection mechanism coupling the at least one communications interface and the controller;

wherein the computerized device is configured to produce a means for distributing content, such means including;

means for receiving a content distribution request from a content source;

means for detecting, in response to receiving the content distribution request, a content distribution characteristic for content to be distributed by the content source; and

means for selecting a transmission mode, from one of a first transmission mode and a second transmission mode, for the content within the content distribution system based upon the content distribution characteristic, the first transmission mode being a one-to-one transmission and the second transmission mode being a one-to-many transmission,

means for detecting comprises means for detecting, in response to receiving the content distribution request, the content distribution characteristic for content to be distributed by the content source, the content distribution characteristic indicating a number of receivers that request the content over a period of time,

in response to detecting, comparing the content distribution characteristic with a threshold limit, and

means for selecting comprises means for selecting a one-to-many transmission mode for distributing the content within the content distribution system when the content distribution characteristic satisfies the threshold limit and selecting a one-to-one transmission mode for distributing the content within the content distribution system when the content distribution characteristic does not satisfy the threshold limit; and

means for transmitting a transition marker to at least one receiver associated with the content distribution system, the transition marker indicating a switching of content distribution between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode.

11. In a plurality of content sources associated with a content distribution system, a method for selecting a system controller for the content distribution system comprising the steps of:

detecting an identifier characteristic associated with each of the plurality of content sources; and

selecting one content source from the plurality of content sources as the system controller within the content distribution system based upon the identifier characteristic, the system controller configured to;

receive a content distribution request from a content source,

detect, in response to receiving the content distribution request, a content distribution characteristic for content to be distributed by the content source, and

select a transmission mode, from one of a first transmission mode and a second transmission mode, for the content within the content distribution system based upon the content distribution characteristic, the first transmission mode being a one-to-one transmission and the second transmission mode being a one-to-many transmission,

the system controller, when detecting, is configured to detect, in response to receiving the content distribution request, the content distribution characteristic for content to be distributed by the content source, the content distribution characteristic indicating a number of receivers that request the content over a period of time,

in response to detecting, the system controller is configured to compare the content distribution characteristic with a threshold limit, and

the system controller, when selecting, is configured to select a one-to-many transmission mode for distributing the content within the content distribution system when the content distribution characteristic satisfies the threshold limit and selecting a one-to-one transmission mode for distributing the content within the content distribution system when the content distribution characteristic does not satisfy the threshold limit, and

transmit a transition marker to at least one receiver associated with the content distribution system, the transition marker indicating a switching of content distribution between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode.

15. The method of claim 11 wherein the system controller, when selecting is configured to select the one-to-many transmission mode for distributing the content within the content distribution system when the content distribution characteristic is greater than the threshold limit and select the one-to-one transmission mode for distributing the content within the content distribution system when the content distribution characteristic is less than the threshold limit.

12. A device associated with a content distribution system comprising:

at least one communications interface;

a controller; and

an interconnection mechanism coupling the at least one communications interface and the controller;

wherein the controller is configured to;

detect an identifier characteristic associated with each of the plurality of content sources; and

select one content source from the plurality of content sources as the system controller within the content distribution system based upon the identifier characteristic, the system controller configured to;

receive a content distribution request from a content source,

detect, in response to receiving the content distribution request, a content distribution characteristic for content to be distributed by the content source, and

select a transmission mode, from one of a first transmission mode and a second transmission mode, for the content within the content distribution system based upon the content distribution characteristic, the first transmission mode being a one-to-one transmission and the second transmission mode being a one-to-many transmission,

when detecting, detect, in response to receiving the content distribution request, the content distribution characteristic for content to be distributed by the content source, the content distribution characteristic indicating a number of receivers that request the content over a period of time,

in response to detecting, compare the content distribution characteristic with a threshold limit, and

when selecting, select a one-to-many transmission mode for distributing the content within the content distribution system when the content distribution characteristic satisfies the threshold limit and selecting a one-to-one transmission mode for distributing the content within the content distribution system when the content distribution characteristic does not satisfy the threshold limit, and

transmit a transition marker to at least one receiver associated with the content distribution system, the transition marker indicating a switching of content distribution between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode.

13. A computer program product having a computer-readable medium including computer program logic encoded thereon that, when performed on a controller in a computerized device having a coupling to at least one communications interface provides a method for performing the operations of:

detecting an identifier characteristic associated with each of the plurality of content sources; and

selecting one content source from the plurality of content sources as the system controller within the content distribution system based upon the identifier characteristic, the system controller configured to;

receive a content distribution request from a content source,

detect, in response to receiving the content distribution request, a content distribution characteristic for content to be distributed by the content source, and

select a transmission mode, from one of a first transmission mode and a second transmission mode, for the content within the content distribution system based upon the content distribution characteristic, the first transmission mode being a one-to-one transmission and the second transmission mode being a one-to-many transmission,

when detecting, detect, in response to receiving the content distribution request, the content distribution characteristic for content to be distributed by the content source, the content distribution characteristic indicating a number of receivers that request the content over a period of time,

in response to detecting, compare the content distribution characteristic with a threshold limit, and

when selecting, select a one-to-many transmission mode for distributing the content within the content distribution system when the content distribution characteristic satisfies the threshold limit and selecting a one-to-one transmission mode for distributing the content within the content distribution system when the content distribution characteristic does not satisfy the threshold limit, and

transmit a transition marker to at least one receiver associated with the content distribution system, the transition marker indicating a switching of content distribution between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode.