Multi-directional oral phototherapy applicator

• US 7,223,281 B2
• Filed: 02/10/2004
• Issued: 05/29/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 11/29/2001
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Palomar Medical Technologies Incorporated (Hologic Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Palomar Medical Technologies Incorporated (Hologic Incorporated)
• Inventors: Altshuler, Gregory B., Tuchin, Valery V.
• Primary Examiner(s): Johnson, III; Henry M
• Application Number:
  US10/776,686
• Publication Number:
  US 20040193235A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,204 Days
• Field of Search: 433/29, 607 88- 89
• US Class Current: 607/90
• CPC Class Codes: A46B 15/0002 Arrangements for enhancing monitoring or controlling the brushing process
• CPC Class Codes: A46B 15/0036 with a lighting means, e.g. laser, bulb A46B15/0034 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A46B 2200/1066 Toothbrush for cleaning the teeth or dentures A61C17/16 takes precedence; bristles arrangements for toothbrushes A46B9/04
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/203 applying laser energy to the outside of the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00057 Light
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00084 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00005 Cooling or heating of the probe or tissue immediately surrounding the probe
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00452 Skin
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/065 for measuring contact or contact pressure
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 1/081 Pain-alleviating features
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 1/088 Illuminating devices or attachments for examination of the mouth A61B1/24 and A61B1/06
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 17/3481 Vibrating brush body, e.g. by using eccentric weights
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 19/06 Implements for therapeutic treatment radiation therapy A61N5/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2007/0087 Hand-held applicators
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2007/0089 Chemotherapy developing heat
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2007/0096 with a thermometer
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2007/0292 using latent heat produced or absorbed during phase change of materials, e.g. of super-cooled solutions
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2007/108 Cold packs, i.e. devices to be cooled or frozen in refrigerator or freezing compartment
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 7/00 Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body heating or cooling means in connection with bedsteads or mattresses A47C21/00 ; massage, therapeutic baths A61H; hyperthermia using electric or magnetic fields or ultrasound A61N; electric heating elements H05B
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 2800/438 Thermochromatic; Photochromic; Phototropic
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 2800/81 : Preparation or application process involves irradiation
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/02 : characterised by special physical form
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2005/005 : for cooling the radiator
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2005/0606 : Mouth
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2005/0644 : Handheld applicators
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2005/0652 : Arrays of diodes
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2005/0662 : Visible light
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/0601 : Apparatus for use inside the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/0603 : for treatment of body cavities
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/0617 : Hair treatment
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/062 : Photodynamic therapy, i.e. excitation of an agent
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/0624 : for eliminating microbes, germs, bacteria on or in the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61Q 11/00 : Preparations for care of the teeth, of the oral cavity or of dentures; Dentifrices, e.g. toothpastes; Mouth rinses

Abstract

Oral phototherapy applicators are disclosed that are sized and shaped so as to fit at least partially in a user'"'"'s mouth and have at least one radiation emitting element coupled to an apparatus body to irradiate a portion of the oral cavity with phototherapeutic radiation along multiple directions. In one aspect, the apparatus is configured to direct radiation to at least one portion of the oral cavity, such as the teeth, cheeks, tongue, palate, throat, lymphatic tissue, blood, glands, follicles, collagen, pigmentation or facial tissue, generally. The apparatus can further include bristles to provide a phototherapeutic toothbrush. Alternatively, the apparatus body can be adapted for placement in a fixed position relative to the oral cavity during phototherapy.

Claims

1. An oral phototherapy apparatus comprising:

a body sized and shaped so as to fit at least partially in a user'"'"'s mouth; and

at least one radiation emitting element coupled to the body to irradiate one or more regions of the oral cavity with phototherapeutic radiation;

wherein the apparatus further comprises a motion sensor and controller which controls the at least one radiation emitting element based on signals from the motion sensor.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the apparatus further comprises first and second radiation emitting elements emitting light in first and second directions respectively.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the apparatus further comprises an optical element for directing radiation in different directions.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the apparatus is configured to direct radiation to at least one portion of the oral cavity selected from the group consisting of a tooth, cheek, tongue, palate, throat and facial tissue, lymphatic tissue, blood, gland, follicle, collagen and pigmentation.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the at least one radiating element further comprises at least two sources of radiation to be transmitted in different directions.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the at least one radiation emitting element further comprises a source of radiation having wavelength components in at least two separate spectral bands.

7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the at least one radiation emitting element further comprises at least two sources of radiation emitting different spectral bands of radiation.

8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the apparatus further comprises a controller for controlling at least one parameter for irradiation of the oral cavity selected from the group consisting of wavelength, power, pulsewidth and treatment time.

9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the at least one radiation emitting element further comprises at least one radiation source selected from the group consisting of light-emitting diodes, superluminescent diodes, laser diodes, vertical cavity surface emitting lasers, fiber lasers, fluorescent solid-state sources, and lamps.

10. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the apparatus further comprises a plurality of bristles associated with the body.

11. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the bristles are substantially transparent to phototherapeutic radiation within at least one wavelength range.

12. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the bristles are coupled to the at least one radiation emitting element to receive and propagate radiation therefrom.

13. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the bristles are at least partially coated with a reflective material.

14. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the bristles have at least one shape, relative to an elongated direction of the bristles, selected from the group consisting of conical, tapered, curved and spiral shapes.

15. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the bristles are shaped to transmit radiation upon contact between the bristles and a portion of the oral cavity

16. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the bristles further comprise one or more fluorescent, luminescent or lasing elements.

17. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the bristles are incorporated into a brush head, which is removable and replaceable.

18. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the bristles are optically transmissive and coupled to at least one of the at least one radiation emitting element to receive and transmit radiation.

19. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein the light refractive characteristics of the optically transmissive bristles are selected to inhibit light transmission to the oral cavity in the absence of contact between the bristle and a surface of the teeth or cavity.

20. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the apparatus further comprises a plurality of bristles and at least a portion of radiation from the at least one radiation emitting element is emitted in a direction which is not parallel to the bristles associated with the body.

21. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the apparatus further comprises a contact sensor, wherein the controller controls the at least one radiation emitting element based on signals from the contact sensor.

22. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the apparatus further comprises a diagnostic sensor, wherein the controller controls the at least one radiation emitting element based on signals from the diagnostic sensor.

23. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the apparatus further comprises at least one thermally conductive element for extracting heat from the at least one radiating element.

24. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein the thermally conductive element comprises a fluid heat transfer medium.

25. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein the apparatus further comprises a handle that serves as a heat sink.

26. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein the thermally conductive element comprises a phase change material.

27. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein the apparatus further comprises a heat transfer element for heating a portion of the oral cavity with waste heat from the apparatus.

28. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the apparatus further comprises a light diffuser optically coupled to the radiation emitting element to deliver diffuse radiation to the oral cavity.

29. The apparatus of claim 28 wherein said light diffuser comprises an optically transmissive element with a partially etched cladding.

30. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the body is sized and shaped so as to fit at least partially in a user'"'"'s mouth and adapted to conform to the shape of at least a portion of the oral cavity.

31. The apparatus of claim 30 wherein the body is compliant to facilitate conformation to a portion of the oral cavity.

32. The apparatus of claim 30 wherein the body is in the form of a mouthpiece adapted for positioning between at least a user'"'"'s teeth and gums during phototherapy.

33. The apparatus of claim 30 wherein the body is adapted for placement in a position covering at least a portion of a user'"'"'s lips during phototherapy.

34. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the body is adapted for placement in a fixed position relative to the oral cavity during phototherapy.

35. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the apparatus is configured such that, upon disposition of the apparatus within the mouth, radiation from the at least one radiating element can penetrate the mucosal lining of the oral cavity and deliver phototherapeutic energy to a region of facial tissue.

36. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the apparatus further comprises an ultrasound generator for delivering acoustic energy to a target tissue site.

37. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the apparatus further comprises a vibrating element for applying intermittent pressure to a target tissue site.

38. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the apparatus further comprises a drug delivery port.

39. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the apparatus further comprises an energy reflector for redirecting phototherapeutic radiation towards a target tissue site.