Magnetic element utilizing spin-transfer and half-metals and an MRAM device using the magnetic element
First Claim
1. A magnetic memory device, comprising:
- a plurality of magnetic cells including a plurality of magnetic elements, at least one magnetic element including,a pinned layer and having a first magnetization that is pinned in a first direction,a half-metallic material layer formed on the pinned layer,a spacer layer formed on the half-metallic material layer, the spacer layer being nonmagnetic and conductive, anda free layer formed on the spacer layer, the free layer having a second magnetization that changes direction based on the spin-transfer effect when a write current passes through the magnetic element;
a plurality of rows lines coupled to the plurality of magnetic cells; and
a plurality of column lines coupled to the plurality of magnetic cells, the plurality of row lines and the plurality of column lines selecting a portion of the plurality of magnetic cells for reading and writing;
wherein at least one magnetic element further includes;
a second spacer layer formed on the free layer, the second spacer layer being nonmagnetic and conductive;
a second half-metallic material layer formed on the second spacer layer; and
a second pinned layer formed on the second half-metallic layer, the second pinned layer having a third magnetization that is pinned in a direction that is different from the first direction,wherein at least one second pinned layer of at least one magnetic element is formed from one of a ferromagnetic material and a ferrimagnetic material.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A magnetic element that can be used in a memory array having high density includes a pinned layer, a half-metallic material layer, a spacer (or a barrier) layer and a free layer. The half-metallic material layer is formed on the pinned layer and preferably has a thickness that is less than about 100 Å. The half-metallic material layer can be formed to be a continuous layer or a discontinuous on the pinned layer. The spacer (or barrier) layer is formed on the half-metallic material layer, such that the spacer (or barrier) layer is nonmagnetic and conductive (or insulating). The free layer is formed on the spacer (or barrier) layer and has a second magnetization that changes direction based on the spin-transfer effect when a write current passes through the magnetic element.
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Citations
30 Claims
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1. A magnetic memory device, comprising:
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a plurality of magnetic cells including a plurality of magnetic elements, at least one magnetic element including, a pinned layer and having a first magnetization that is pinned in a first direction, a half-metallic material layer formed on the pinned layer, a spacer layer formed on the half-metallic material layer, the spacer layer being nonmagnetic and conductive, and a free layer formed on the spacer layer, the free layer having a second magnetization that changes direction based on the spin-transfer effect when a write current passes through the magnetic element; a plurality of rows lines coupled to the plurality of magnetic cells; and a plurality of column lines coupled to the plurality of magnetic cells, the plurality of row lines and the plurality of column lines selecting a portion of the plurality of magnetic cells for reading and writing; wherein at least one magnetic element further includes; a second spacer layer formed on the free layer, the second spacer layer being nonmagnetic and conductive; a second half-metallic material layer formed on the second spacer layer; and a second pinned layer formed on the second half-metallic layer, the second pinned layer having a third magnetization that is pinned in a direction that is different from the first direction, wherein at least one second pinned layer of at least one magnetic element is formed from one of a ferromagnetic material and a ferrimagnetic material.
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2. A magnetic memory device, comprising:
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a plurality of magnetic cells including a plurality of magnetic elements, at least one magnetic element including, a pinned layer and having a first magnetization that is pinned in a first direction, a half-metallic material layer formed on the pinned layer, a barrier layer formed on the half-metallic material layer, the barrier layer being an insulator and having a thickness that allows tunneling through the barrier layer, and a free layer formed on the barrier layer, the free layer having a second magnetization that changes direction based on the spin-transfer effect when a write current passes through the magnetic element; a plurality of rows lines coupled to the plurality of magnetic cells; and a plurality of column lines coupled to the plurality of magnetic cells, the plurality of row lines and the plurality of column lines selecting a portion of the plurality of magnetic cells for reading and writing. - View Dependent Claims (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 30)
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29. A magnetic memory device, comprising:
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a plurality of magnetic cells including a plurality of magnetic elements, at least one magnetic element including, a pinned layer and having a first magnetization that is pinned in a first direction, a half-metallic material layer formed on the pinned layer, a barrier layer formed on the half-metallic material layer, the barrier layer being an insulator and having a thickness that allows tunneling through the barrier layer, and a free layer formed on the barrier layer, the free layer having a second magnetization that changes direction based on the spin-transfer effect when a write current passes through the magnetic element, wherein the free layer has a lateral dimension less than or equal to five hundred nanometer; a plurality of rows lines coupled to the plurality of magnetic cells, and a plurality of column lines coupled to the plurality of magnetic cells, the plurality of row lines and the plurality of column lines selecting a portion of the plurality of magnetic cells for reading and writing; wherein and the free layer of the at least one magnetic element is configured such that the second magnetization changes direction based on the spin-transfer effect when a write current passes through the at least one magnetic element.
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Specification