Methods and apparatus for providing domain name service based on a client identifier

• US 7,228,359 B1
• Filed: 02/12/2002
• Issued: 06/05/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 02/12/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Inventors: Monteiro, Anthony J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Lim; Krisna
• Assistant Examiner(s): REILLY, SEAN M
• Application Number:
  US10/074,548
• Time in Patent Office: 1,939 Days
• Field of Search: 709/201, 709/203, 709/227, 709/228, 709/245
• US Class Current: 709/245
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2101/33 containing protocol addresses or telephone numbers
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2101/35 containing special prefixes
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/4511 using domain name system [DNS]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/4552 Lookup mechanisms between a plurality of directories; Synchronisation of directories, e.g. metadirectories
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/59 using proxies for addressing
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/289 Intermediate processing functionally located close to the data consumer application, e.g. in same machine, in same home or in same sub-network
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/56 Provisioning of proxy services store-and-forward switching systems in data switching networks H04L12/54

Abstract

A content distribution system has a DNS server which is configured to provide DNS responses in response to DNS requests, and a device which interconnects between a client and the DNS server. The device includes an interface which communicates with the client, and a controller coupled to the interface. The controller can intercept a first DNS request en route from the client to the DNS server, and provide a second DNS request to the DNS server through the interface in response to interception of the first DNS request. The second DNS request selectively includes a client identifier which identifies the client, and not including the client identifier which identifies the client, based on a selection decision. The controller can further convey a DNS response from the DNS server to the client through the interface. The DNS response includes a content server identifier which identifies a content server.

Claims

1. A content distribution system, comprising:

a domain name service server which is configured to provide domain name service responses in response to domain name service requests; and

a data communications device which is capable of interconnecting between a client and the domain name service server, wherein the data communications device includes;

an interface which is capable of communicating with the client, and

a controller coupled to the interface, wherein the controller is configured to;

intercept a first domain name service request from the client, the first domain name service request including a domain name field having first contents being solely a host domain name that that can be resolved into a corresponding network address,

determine that the host domain name in the domain name field of the first domain name service request is included in a list of domain names associated with corresponding content servers,

provide a second domain name service request to the domain name service server through the interface in response to interception of the first domain name service request, the second domain name service request having a modified domain name field, the modified domain name field including a concatenated value including the host domain name as well as a client identifier identifying the client, such that the concatenated value does not represent a domain name that can be resolved to a network address, and

convey a domain name service response from the domain name service server to the client through the interface, the domain name service response including a content server identifier which identifies one of the content servers.

8. A content distribution system according to claim 1, wherein the domain name service server comprises:

an interface which is capable of communicating with the data communications device; and

a controller coupled to the interface, wherein the controller is configured to;

receive the second domain name service request from the data communications device through the interface, the domain name service request including a data communications device identifier which identifies the data communications device,

parse a domain name field of the second domain name service request to determine whether the domain name field has a first contents or a second contents, the first contents being solely a host domain name that can be resolved into a corresponding network address, the second contents being solely a concatenated value including the host domain name and a client identifier identifying the client, such that the concatenated value does not represent a domain name that can be resolved into a corresponding network address;

select the content server identifier from a predetermined group of content server identifiers based on (i) the client identifier which identifies the client when the domain name field of the second domain name service request includes the second contents, and (ii) the data communications device identifier when the domain name field of the second domain name service request includes the first contents, and

provide the domain name service response to the data communications device through the interface, the domain name service response having the selected content server identifier which identifies a content server.

9. A content distribution system according to claim 8, wherein the controller of the domain name service server includes:

processing circuitry which is configured to determine whether the domain name field of the second domain name service request includes a flag indicating that the domain name field includes the client identifier such that (i) selection of the content server identifier is based on the client identifier when the domain name field of the domain name service request includes the flag, and (ii) selection of the content server identifier is based on the data communications identifier when the domain name field of the domain name service request does not include the flag.

10. A content distribution system according to claim 1, wherein the domain name service server comprises:

an interface which is capable of communicating with the data communications device; and

a controller coupled to the interface, wherein the controller includes;

means for receiving the second domain name service request from the data communications device through the interface, the domain name service request including a data communications device identifier which identifies the data communications device,

means for parsing a domain name field of the second domain name service request to determine whether the domain name field has a first contents or a second contents, the first contents being solely a host domain name that can be resolved into a corresponding network address, the second contents being solely a concatenated value including the host domain name and a client identifier identifying the client, such that the concatenated value does not represent a domain name that can be resolved into a corresponding network address;

means for selecting the content server identifier from a predetermined group of content server identifiers based on (i) the client identifier which identifies the client when the domain name field of the domain name service request includes the second contents, and (ii) the data communications device identifier when the domain name field of the domain name service request includes the first contents, and

means for providing the domain name service response to the data communications device through the interface, the domain name service response having the selected content server identifier which identifies a content server.

15. A content distribution system according to claim 8, wherein the concatenated value has the form of CLIENT_ID.DOMAIN_NAME in which CLIENT_ID represents the client identifier and DOMAIN_NAME represents the host domain name.

16. A content distribution system according to claim 15, wherein the client identifier is in the form of a numerical Internet address.

2. A data communications device, comprising:

an interface which is capable of communicating with a client; and

a controller coupled to the interface, wherein the controller is configured to;

intercept a first domain name service request from the client, the first domain name service request including a domain name field having first contents being solely a host domain name that is the subject of the domain name service request message and that can be resolved into a corresponding network address,

determine that the host domain name in the first domain name field of the domain name service request is included in a list of domain names associated with corresponding content servers,

provide a second domain name service request to a domain name service server through the interface in response to interception of the first domain name service request, the second domain name service request having a modified domain name field, the modified domain name field including a concatenated value including the host domain name as well as a client identifier identifying the client, such that the concatenated value does not represent a domain name that can be resolved to a network address, and

convey a domain name service response from the domain name service server to the client through the interface, the domain name service response including a content server identifier which identifies one of the content servers.

3. The data communications device of claim 2 wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to:

include a flag in the domain name field of the second domain name service request when the client identifier is included in the domain name field of the second domain name service request, and not include the flag in the domain name field of the second domain name service request when the client identifier is not included in the domain name field of the second domain name service request.

13. A data communications device according to claim 2, wherein the concatenated value has the form of CLIENT_ID.DOMAIN_NAME in which CLIENT_ID represents the client identifier and DOMAIN_NAME represents the host domain name.

14. A data communications device according to claim 13, wherein the client identifier is in the form of a numerical Internet address.

4. A data communications device, comprising:

an interface which is capable of communicating with a client; and

a controller coupled to the interface, wherein the controller includes;

means for intercepting a first domain name service request from the client, the first domain name service request including a domain name field having first contents being solely a host domain name that is the subject of the domain name service request message and that can be resolved into a corresponding network address,

means for determining that the host domain name in the domain name field of the first domain name service request is included in a list of domain names associated with corresponding content servers;

means for providing a second domain name service request to a domain name service server through the interface in response to interception of the first domain name service request, the second domain name service request having a modified domain name field, the modified domain name field including a concatenated value including the host domain name as well as a client identifier identifying the client, such that the concatenated value does not represent a domain name that can be resolved to a network address; and

means for conveying a domain name service response from the domain name service server to the client through the interface, the domain name service response including a content server identifier which identifies one of the content servers.

5. A method for obtaining a domain name service on behalf of a client, the method comprising the steps of:

intercepting a first domain name service request from the client, the first domain name service request including a domain name field having first contents being solely a host domain name that is the subject of the domain name service request message and that can be resolved into a corresponding network address,

determining that the host domain name in the domain name field of the first domain name service request is included in a list of domain names associated with corresponding content servers;

in response to interception of the first domain name service request, providing a second domain name service request to a domain name service server, the second domain name service request having a modified domain name field, the modified domain name field including a concatenated value including the host domain name as well as a client identifier identifying the client, such that the concatenated value does not represent a domain name that can be resolved to a network address, and

conveying a domain name service response from the domain name service server to the client, the domain name service response including a content server identifier which identifies one of the content servers.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein the step of providing the second domain name service request further includes the step of:

including a flag in the domain name field of the second domain name service request when the client identifier is included in the domain name field of the second domain name service request, and not including the flag in the domain name field of the second domain name service request when the client identifier is not included in the domain name field of the second domain name service request.

11. A method according to claim 5, further comprising the steps of:

receiving the second domain name service request which includes a data communications device identifier identifying a data communications device;

parsing a domain name field of the second domain name service request to determine whether the domain name field has a first contents or a second contents, the first contents being solely a host domain name that can be resolved into a corresponding network address, the second contents being solely a concatenated value including the host domain name and a client identifier identifying the client, such that the concatenated value does not represent a domain name that can be resolved into a corresponding network address;

selecting a content server identifier from a predetermined group of content server identifiers based on (i) the client identifier which identifies the client when the domain name field of the second domain name service request includes the second contents, and (ii) the data communications device identifier when the domain name field of the second domain name service request includes the first contents; and

providing the domain name service response having the selected content server identifier which identifies the content server.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein the step of selecting the content server identifier includes the step of:

determining whether the domain name field of the second domain name service request includes a flag indicating that the domain name field includes the client identifier such that (i) selection of the content server identifier is based on the client identifier when the domain name field of the second domain name service request includes the flag, and (ii) selection of the content server identifier is based on the data communications identifier when the domain name field of the second domain name service request does not include the flag.

7. A computer program product that includes a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon for obtaining a domain name service on behalf of a client, such that the instructions, when carried out by a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps of:

intercepting a first domain name service request from the client, the first domain name service request including a domain name field having first contents being solely a host domain name that is the subject of the domain name service request message and that can be resolved into a corresponding network address,

determining that the host domain name in the domain name field of the first domain name service request is included in a list of domain names associated with corresponding content servers;

in response to interception of the first domain name service request, providing a second domain name service request to a domain name service server, the second domain name service request having a modified domain name field, the modified domain name field including a concatenated value including the host domain name as well as a client identifier identifying the client, such that the concatenated value does not represent a domain name that can be resolved to a network address; and

conveying a domain name service response from the domain name service server to the client, the domain name service response including a content server identifier which identifies one of the content servers.