Ventilator system and method

• US 7,231,967 B2
• Filed: 05/10/2002
• Issued: 06/19/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 01/31/1994
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Building Performance Equipment Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Building Performance Equipment Incorporated
• Inventors: Haglid, Klas C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Ford; John K.
• Application Number:
  US10/142,630
• Publication Number:
  US 20020164944A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,866 Days
• Field of Search: 165/54, 165/248, 165/231, 236/49.3
• US Class Current: 165/231
• CPC Class Codes: B25B 27/0035 for motor-vehicles wrenches for mounting or dismounting wheels B60B29/003
• CPC Class Codes: B25B 27/0042 Tools for removing or replacing filters or for draining oil; Tools for setting or loosening closure means for radiators, batteries, or the like
• CPC Class Codes: B25B 27/02 for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same B25D1/16 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 12/006 using an air-to-air heat exchanger F24F12/002 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2006/146 using pressurised water for spraying
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2011/0006 using low temperature external supply air to assist cooling
• CPC Class Codes: F28D 19/041 with axial flow through the intermediate heat-transfer medium
• CPC Class Codes: F28D 5/00 Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, using the cooling effect of natural or forced evaporation
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 16/30 Power supply circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/073 Charge pumps of the Schenkel-type
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 30/56 Heat recovery units

Abstract

The ventilator system and method use a heat exchanger to selectively transfer heat between fresh outside air entering and exhaust air leaving an enclosed space whenever energy can be recovered from the exhaust air by doing so. The system uses a microprocessor-based controller which stores one or more profiles indicating the time-varying needs of the enclosed space for heating and cooling. The transfer of heat between the exhaust and fresh air is reduced or eliminated simply by reducing the speed of or stopping the exhaust air handler while the fresh air handler continues to run. Evaporative cooling for the exhaust air can be provided, and an all-plastic plate type heat exchanger preferably is used, together with an air handler at the exhaust outlet of the heat exchanger to pull exhaust air through the heat exchanger.

Claims

1. A ventilator device for selectively introducing outside air into and exhausting air from an enclosed space, said device comprising:

a heat exchanger;

an exhaust air conduit and a fresh air conduit for said heat exchanger;

an exhaust air mover for moving exhaust air through said exhaust conduit and said heat exchanger;

a fresh air mover for moving fresh air through said fresh air conduit and said heat exchanger;

a programmed controller;

said controller being programmed to direct said exhaust air and said outside air through said heat exchanger to exchange heat between said exhaust air and said outside air in a first mode of operation, and to switch, irrespective of the set or measured temperature of the enclosed space to a second mode of operation in which said exchange of heat is reduced or eliminated, in accordance with a profile, stored in memory, which is a function of the time-varying heating and cooling needs of said enclosed space, in which said profile includes a first outdoor air temperature below which said enclosed space needs heating and an instruction to switch between said modes when said temperature is reached, and including an outdoor air temperature sensor for delivering an outdoor temperature signal to said controller.

2. A device as in claim 1 in which said controller is programmed to reduce the speed of or stop said exhaust air mover during said second mode of operation.

3. A device as in claim 1 in which said outdoor air temperature in said profile is field-programmable.

4. A device as in claim 1 in which said profile includes an upper outdoor air temperature, and in which said controller switches from said second mode of operation to said first mode of operation at outdoor air temperatures above said upper outdoor air temperature.

5. A device as in claim 1 in which said profile includes a defrost mode set point, an outdoor air temperature sensor for delivering an outdoor air temperature signal to said controller, and including an instruction to slow or stop said fresh air handler periodically while operating said exhaust air handler, when outdoor air temperatures below said defrost mode set point are detected.

6. A device as in claim 1 in which said profile includes instructions for operating said ventilating system at various times in accordance with the expected occupancy of the enclosed space at those times.

7. A device as in claim 1 in which said profile contains information for a plurality of different times of operation, said times being selected from the group consisting of:

night time;

day time;

when the building is occupied;

when the building is partially occupied;

when the building is substantially unoccupied;

weekdays;

holidays; and

special occasions in which said information is determined by the building management computer system, and downloaded to said controller.

8. A device as in claim 1 including a building management system computer programmed to determine the heat balance of said enclosed space and deliver command signals to said ventilator to switch it from one of said modes to another.

9. A device as in claim 1 in which said heat exchanger is selected from the group consisting of one or more heat pipes;

an all-plastic plate type heat exchanger with a separate housing;

an all-plastic plate type heat exchanger with an integral plastic housing; and

a thermal rotary heat exchanger rotatably mounted in a housing.

10. A device as in claim 1 including an evaporative cooling device for selectively cooling exhaust air before said exhaust air passes through said heat exchanger.

11. A device as in claim 10 in which said controller is programmed to start said evaporative cooling means upon the detection of a pre-determined outdoor temperature.

12. A ventilator device for selectively introducing outside air into and exhausting air from an enclosed space, said device comprising:

a heat exchanger;

an exhaust air conduit and a fresh air conduit for said heat exchanger;

an exhaust air mover for moving exhaust air through said exhaust conduit and said heat exchanger;

a fresh air mover for moving fresh air through said fresh air conduit and said heat exchanger;

a programmed controller;

said controller being programmed to direct said exhaust air and said outside air through said heat exchanger to exchange heat between said exhaust air and said outside air in a first mode of operation, and to switch to a second mode of operation in which said exchange of heat is reduced or eliminated, in accordance with a profile, stored in memory, which is a function of the time-varying heating and cooling needs of said enclosed space in which said profile includes a defrost mode set point, a heating mode set point, and a cooling mode set point, each of said set points being field programmable, and a default value for each of said set points.

13. A device as in claim 12 in which said defrost mode set point default value is around 24°

F.;

said heating mode set-point default value is around 52°

F.; and

said cooling mode set point default value is around 65°

F. to 70°

F.