Programmable low-voltage differential signaling output driver

• US 7,236,018 B1
• Filed: 09/08/2004
• Issued: 06/26/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 09/08/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Tahoe Research Limited (f/k/a Learndale Limited) (Vector Capital Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Altera Corporation (Intel Corporation)
• Inventors: Sung, Chiakang, Nguyen, Khai, Wang, Bonnie
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen; Long
• Application Number:
  US10/937,518
• Time in Patent Office: 1,021 Days
• Field of Search: 327/112, 327/148, 327/157, 327/408, 327/423, 327/588, 327/391, 327/170, 327/108, 326/26, 326/27, 326/30, 326/83, 326/86
• US Class Current: 327/108
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0205 in transistor amplifiers
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/372 Noise reduction and elimination in amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/513 the amplifier being made for low supply voltages
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/45466 the CSC being controlled, e.g. by a signal derived from a non specified place in the dif amp circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/45641 the LC being controlled, e.g. by a signal derived from a non specified place in the dif amp circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/45686 the LC comprising one or more potentiometers, which are not shunting potentiometers
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/45726 the LC comprising more than one switch, which are not cross coupled
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/7206 the gated amplifier being switched on or off by a switch in the bias circuit of the amplifier controlling a bias voltage in the amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/45183 Long tailed pairs H03F3/4521, H03F3/45237 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/72 Gated amplifiers, i.e. amplifiers which are rendered operative or inoperative by means of a control signal

Abstract

The present invention relates to a programmable low-voltage differential signaling (LVDS) output driver. The programmable LVDS output driver may include circuitry for tri-stating the output to allow several programmable LVDS output drivers to be coupled to a single receiver. The programmable LVDS output driver may also include programmable current sources for varying the output current, as well as providing additional current to circuitry within the driver (e.g., impedance circuitry). The programmable LVDS output driver may also include an impedance circuit for adjusting the output impedance of the output driver, while only diverting a small amount of source current. The current diverted by the impedance circuit may be compensated for by increasing the source current from the programmable current sources. The programmable LVDS output driver may also include pre-emphasis circuitry for boosting the edge rates of output signals.

Claims

1. A low-voltage differential signaling (LVDS) output driver comprising:

first and second input terminals for receiving a differential input signal;

first and second output terminals for outputting a differential output signal;

a programmable current source for providing a source current;

a plurality of transistors for steering a majority of the source current as an output current out of one of the first and second output terminals; and

impedance circuitry coupled between the first and second output terminals, wherein;

the impedance of the impedance circuitry is programmable; and

the current flowing through the impedance circuitry is programmable;

said LVDS output driver further comprising;

circuitry for tri-stating the differential output signal, said circuitry for tri-stating comprising a switch coupled to the programmable current source, wherein the switch is open to allow the source current to flow and closed to block the source current from flowing.

2. The LVDS output driver of claim 1, further comprising a pre-emphasis circuit coupled to each of the first and second output terminals, wherein each pre-emphasis circuit receives one end of the differential input signal and boosts the edge rate of the differential output signal by producing a burst of current at transitions of the differential input signal.

3. The LVDS output driver of claim 1, wherein the impedance circuitry further comprises a variable resistor.

4. The LVDS output driver of claim 1, wherein the impedance circuitry further comprises transistors for limiting the amount of current flowing through the impedance circuitry.

5. The LVDS output driver of claim 4, wherein the transistors are implemented as a parallel array of unit transistors each having small width-to-length ratio, and wherein each unit transistor is selectively activated to control the overall current flowing from the array.

6. The LVDS output driver of claim 1, wherein the source current is increased to compensate for the current diverted away from the output current and into the impedance circuitry.

7. A low-voltage differential signaling (LVDS) output driver comprising:

first and second output terminal means for outputting a differential output signal;

means for producing a source current;

means for steering a majority of the source current as an output current out of one of first and second output terminal means;

means for adjusting the impedance of the output driver, wherein a current is diverted from the output current to allow the impedance of the driver to be adjusted;

means for adjusting the amount of current diverted from the output current for adjusting the impedance of the driver; and

means, between the means for producing and the means for steering, for tri-stating the differential output signal.

8. The LVDS output driver of claim 7, further comprising means coupled to the first and second output terminal means for boosting the edge rate of the current of each output terminal means.

9. The LVDS output driver of claim 7, wherein the means for adjusting the amount of current diverted from the output current comprises a transistor coupled between the first and second output terminal means of the driver.

10. The LVDS output driver of claim 9, wherein the transistor is implemented as a parallel array of unit transistors each having small width-to-length ratio, and wherein each unit transistor may be selectively activated to control the overall current flowing from the array.

11. The LVDS output driver of claim 9, wherein the means for adjusting the impedance of the driver comprises a variable resistor coupled in series with the transistor.

12. The LVDS output driver of claim 7, wherein the source current is increased to compensate for the current diverted from the output current for adjusting the impedance of the driver.