High-resolution rapid manufacturing

• US 7,236,166 B2
• Filed: 01/18/2005
• Issued: 06/26/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 01/18/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Stratasys Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Stratasys Incorporated
• Inventors: Zinniel, Robert L., Batchelder, John Samuel
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen; Phu K.
• Application Number:
  US11/037,720
• Publication Number:
  US 20060158456A1
• Time in Patent Office: 889 Days
• Field of Search: 345/419, 264/308, 264/401, 264/340, 264/219, 700/119, 700/129
• US Class Current: 345/419
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 64/106 using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 64/112 using individual droplets, e.g. from jetting heads
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 64/118 using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 64/188 involving additional operations performed on the added layers, e.g. smoothing, grinding or thickness control surface shaping B29C59/00; after-treatment of articles without altering their shape B29C71/00
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 10/00 Processes of additive manufacturing
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 30/00 Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 70/00 Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing

Abstract

The present invention is a method for forming an object, the method comprising jetting a first material to form a plurality of layers that define a support structure increment, and extruding a second material to form a layer of the object. The layer of the object substantially conforms to an interior surface of the support structure increment.

Claims

1. A method for forming an object, the method comprising:

jetting a first material to form a plurality of layers that define a support structure increment, the support structure increment having an interior surface; and

extruding a second material to form a layer of the object, wherein the layer of the object substantially conforms to the interior surface of the support structure increment, and has a thickness greater than thicknesses of each of the plurality of layers defining the support structure increment.

2. The method of claim 1, and further comprising forming the object in an environment maintained at a temperature ranging from about a creep-relaxation temperature of the second material to about a glass transition temperature of the second material.

3. The method of claim 1, and further comprising planarizing the support structure increment.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the layer of the object is approximately equal to a thickness of the support structure increment.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first material comprises a solvent-dispersed material.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the second material comprises a thermoplastic material.

7. The method of claim 1, and further comprising sensing a height of the support structure increment, wherein the number layers of the plurality of layers of first material varies based on the sensed height.

8. The method of claim 1, and further comprising compensating for a lack of support at an overhanging region of the support structure increment, wherein the overhanging region is a region of the support structure increment where the interior surface projects an angle greater of at least about 30 degrees off vertical.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the compensating comprises extruding the second material to form a plurality of thin layers to support the overhanging region, wherein each of the plurality of thin layers has a thickness that is at most about half of a thickness of the layer of the object.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the compensating comprises jetting a third material to form a plurality of thin layers to support the overhanging region.

11. A method for forming an object, the method comprising:

providing a digital representation of the object, the digital representation of the object comprising data that represents an exterior surface of the object;

forming a digital representation of a support structure, the digital representation of the support structure comprising data that represents an interior surface of the support structure, wherein the interior structure of the support structure has a geometry defined by the exterior surface of the object;

jetting a plurality of layers to form a support structure increment based on the digital representation of the support structure, wherein the support structure increment includes a portion of the interior surface of the support structure;

extruding a layer of the object based on the digital representation of the object, wherein the layer of the object substantially conforms to the interior surface of the support structure increment, and has a thickness greater than thicknesses of each of the plurality of layers forming the support structure increment; and

repeating the jetting and the extruding to form the object and the support structure.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the method further comprises forming the object in an environment maintained at a temperature ranging from about a creep-relaxation temperature of a material of the layer of the object to about a glass transition temperature of the material of the layer of the object.

13. The method of claim 11, and further comprising planarizing the support structure increment.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein the thickness of the layer of the object is approximately equal to a thickness of the support structure increment.

15. The method of claim 11, and further comprising:

cooling the object to substantially solidify the object; and

removing the support structure from the object by dissolving at least a portion of the support structure in a solvent.

16. A system for forming an object, the system comprising:

a jetting head for jetting a first material to form layers of a support structure, wherein the support structure has an interior surface;

an extrusion head having an extrusion tip for extruding a second material to form layers of the object, wherein each of the layers of the object exhibit thicknesses that are greater than thicknesses of each of the layers of the support structure; and

a build chamber for maintaining a temperature that allows the layers of the object to substantially conform to the interior surface of the support structure.

17. The system of claim 16, and further comprising a planarizer for planarizing the layers of the support structure.

18. The system of claim 16, and further comprising a sensor for sensing a height of the layers of the support structure.

19. The system of claim 16, wherein the extrusion head further comprises a second extrusion tip.

20. The system of claim 16, wherein the temperature ranges from about a creep-relaxation temperature of the second material to a glass transition temperature of the second material.