Device and method for monitoring body fluid and electrolyte disorders
First Claim
1. A device for measuring a body-tissue water content metric as a fraction of the fat-free tissue content of a patient using optical spectrophotometry, comprising:
- a probe housing configured to be placed proximal to a tissue location which is being monitored;
light emission optics connected to the housing and configured to direct radiation at the tissue location;
light detection optics connected to the housing and configured to receive radiation from the tissue location; and
a processing device configured to process radiation from the light emission optics and the light detection optics and to compute the metric wherein the metric comprises a ratio of the water content of a portion of patient'"'"'s tissue in relation to the lean or fat-free content of a portion of patient'"'"'s tissue, wherein the processing device receives and compares at least two sets of optical measurements from at least two different wavelengths, where absorption of light at the at least two different wavelengths is primarily due to water which is in the vascular blood and in the extravascular tissue, and where a ratio of the at least two measurements provides a measure proportional to the difference between the fractions of water in the blood and surrounding tissue location.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Devices and methods for measuring body fluid-related metric using spectrophotometry that may be used to facilitate diagnosis and therapeutic interventions aimed at restoring body fluid balance. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a device for measuring a body-tissue water content metric as a fraction of the fat-free tissue content of a patient using optical spectrophotometry. The device includes a probe housing configured to be placed near a tissue location which is being monitored; light emission optics connected to the housing and configured to direct radiation at the tissue location; light detection optics connected to the housing and configured to receive radiation from the tissue location; and a processing device configured to process radiation from the light emission optics and the light detection optics to compute the metric where the metric includes a ratio of the water content of a portion of patient'"'"'s tissue in relation to the lean or fat-free content of a portion of patient'"'"'s tissue.
118 Citations
47 Claims
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1. A device for measuring a body-tissue water content metric as a fraction of the fat-free tissue content of a patient using optical spectrophotometry, comprising:
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a probe housing configured to be placed proximal to a tissue location which is being monitored; light emission optics connected to the housing and configured to direct radiation at the tissue location; light detection optics connected to the housing and configured to receive radiation from the tissue location; and a processing device configured to process radiation from the light emission optics and the light detection optics and to compute the metric wherein the metric comprises a ratio of the water content of a portion of patient'"'"'s tissue in relation to the lean or fat-free content of a portion of patient'"'"'s tissue, wherein the processing device receives and compares at least two sets of optical measurements from at least two different wavelengths, where absorption of light at the at least two different wavelengths is primarily due to water which is in the vascular blood and in the extravascular tissue, and where a ratio of the at least two measurements provides a measure proportional to the difference between the fractions of water in the blood and surrounding tissue location. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19)
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20. A device for measuring a body-tissue water content metric as a fraction of the fat-free tissue content of a patient using optical spectrophotometry, comprising:
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a probe housing configured to be placed proximal to a tissue location which is being monitored; light emission optics connected to the housing and configured to direct radiation at the tissue location; light detection optics connected to the housing and configured to receive radiation from the tissue location; a processing device configured to process radiation from the light emission optics and the light detection optics and to compute the metric wherein the metric comprises a ratio of the water content of a portion of patient'"'"'s tissue in relation to the lean or fat-free content of a portion of patient'"'"'s tissue; and a pressure transducer configured to measure the compressibility of tissue for deriving an index of a fraction of free water within the tissue. - View Dependent Claims (21)
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22. A device for measuring a body-tissue water content metric as a fraction of the fat-free tissue content of a patient using optical spectrophotometry, comprising:
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a probe housing configured to be placed proximal to a tissue location which is being monitored; light emission optics connected to the housing and configured to direct radiation at the tissue location; light detection optics connected to the housing and configured to receive radiation from the tissue location; a processing device configured to process radiation from the light emission optics and the light detection optics and to compute the metric wherein the metric comprises a ratio of the water content of a portion of patient'"'"'s tissue in relation to the lean or fat-free content of a portion of patient'"'"'s tissue; and a mechanism configured to mechanically induce a pulse within the tissue location to permit measurements related to the differences between an intravascular fluid volume and an extravascular fluid volume fractions under weak-pulse conditions. - View Dependent Claims (23)
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24. A device for measuring a body-tissue water content metric as a fraction of the fat-free tissue content of a patient using optical spectrophotometry, comprising:
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a probe housing configured to be placed proximal to a tissue location which is being monitored; light emission optics connected to the housing and configured to direct radiation at the tissue location; light detection optics connected to the housing and configured to receive radiation from the tissue location; a processing device configured to process radiation from the light emission optics and the light detection optics and to compute the metric wherein the metric comprises a ratio of the water content of a portion of patient'"'"'s tissue in relation to the lean or fat-free content of a portion of patient'"'"'s tissue; and a mechanism configured to mechanically minimize the pressure at the tissue location to permit measurements related to the unperturbed fluid volume fraction in the tissue. - View Dependent Claims (25)
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26. A device for measuring a body-tissue water content metric as a fraction of the fat-free tissue content of a patient using optical spectrophotometry, comprising:
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a probe housing configured to be placed proximal to a tissue location which is being monitored; light emission optics connected to the housing and configured to direct radiation at the tissue location; light detection optics connected to the housing and configured to receive radiation from the tissue location; a processing device configured to process radiation from the light emission optics and the light detection optics and to compute the metric wherein the metric comprises a ratio of the water content of a portion of patient'"'"'s tissue in relation to the lean or fat-free content of a portion of patient'"'"'s tissue; and a mechanism configured to mechanically induce pressure at the tissue location to permit measurement of the extravascular fluid fraction in the absence of the intravascular fluid fraction. - View Dependent Claims (27)
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28. A device for measuring a body-tissue water content metric as a fraction of the fat-free tissue content of a patient using optical spectrophotometry, comprising:
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a probe housing configured to be placed proximal to a tissue location which is being monitored; light emission optics connected to the housing and configured to direct radiation at the tissue location; light detection optics connected to the housing and configured to receive radiation from the tissue location; a processing device configured to process radiation from the light emission optics and the light detection optics and to compute the metric wherein the metric comprises a ratio of the water content of a portion of patient'"'"'s tissue in relation to the lean or fat-free content of a portion of patient'"'"'s tissue; and a mechanism configured to mechanically vary pressure at the tissue location to permit measurement of both the intravascular and extravascular water fraction. - View Dependent Claims (29)
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30. A device for measuring a body-tissue water content metric as a fraction of the fat-free tissue content of a patient using optical spectrophotometry, comprising:
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a probe housing configured to be placed proximal to a tissue location which is being monitored; light emission optics connected to the housing and configured to direct radiation at the tissue location; light detection optics connected to the housing and configured to receive radiation from the tissue location; and a processing device configured to process radiation from the light emission optics and the light detection optics and to compute the metric wherein the metric comprises a ratio of the water content of a portion of patient'"'"'s tissue in relation to the lean or fat-free content of a portion of patient'"'"'s, wherein the water content metric, fwl is determined such that
and where;pn and qm are calibration coefficients; R(λ
) is a measure of a received radiation at a wavelength; andn=1–
N and m=1–
M represent indices for a plurality of wavelengths which may comprise of the same or different combinations of wavelengths.- View Dependent Claims (31)
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32. A device for measuring a body-tissue metric using optical spectrophotometry, comprising:
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a probe housing configured to be placed proximal to a tissue location which is being monitored; light emission optics connected to the housing and configured to direct radiation at the tissue location; light detection optics connected to the housing and configured to receive radiation from the tissue location; and a processing device configured to process radiation from the light emission optics and the light detection optics to compute the metric wherein the body tissue metric comprises a quantified measure of a ratio of a difference between the water fraction in the blood and the water fraction in the extravascular tissue over the fractional volume concentration of hemoglobin in the blood. - View Dependent Claims (33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38)
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39. A method for measuring a body-tissue water content metric in a human tissue location as a fraction of the fat-free tissue content of a patient using optical spectrophotometry, comprising:
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emitting radiation at the tissue location using light emission optics configured to direct radiation at the tissue location; detecting radiation using light detection optics configured to receive radiation from the tissue location; processing the radiation from the light emission optics and the light detection optics; computing the water content metric, wherein the water content metric, fwl is determined such that pn and qm are calibration coefficients; R(λ
) is a measure of a received radiation at a wavelength;n=1–
N and m=1–
M represent indexes for a plurality of wavelengths which may comprise of the same or different combinations of wavelengths; anddisplaying the water content metric on a display device connected to the probe housing.
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40. A method for measuring a body-tissue metric in a human tissue location using optical spectrophotometry, comprising:
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emitting radiation using light emission optics configured to direct radiation at the tissue location; detecting radiation using light detection optics configured to receive radiation from the tissue location; processing the radiation from the light emission optics and the light detection optics to compute the metric wherein the body fluid-related metric comprises a quantified measure of a ratio of a difference between the water fraction in the blood and the water fraction in the extravascular tissue over the fractional volume concentration of hemoglobin in the blood; and displaying the metric or a quantity derived from the metric on a display device. - View Dependent Claims (41)
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42. A method of measuring a physiological parameter in a human tissue location, comprising:
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emitting radiation at the tissue location using light emission optics configured to direct radiation at the tissue location; detecting radiation using light detection optics configured to receive radiation from the tissue location; processing the radiation from the light emission optics and the light detection optics; and computing the physiological parameter, wherein the parameter is determined such that it is equal to
and where;pn and qm are calibration coefficients; R(λ
) is a measure of a received radiation at a wavelength;n=1–
N and m=1–
M represent indexes for a plurality of wavelengths which may comprise of the same or different combinations of wavelengths.- View Dependent Claims (43, 44, 45, 46, 47)
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Specification