Automatic apparatus for storing and dispensing packaged medication and other small elements

• US 7,249,688 B2
• Filed: 07/24/2006
• Issued: 07/31/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 08/30/2002
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Omnicell Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Omnicell Incorporated
• Inventors: Park, William C. IV, Browning, David M., Hunter, Steven N. W., Fuhrman, Dennis J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Bollinger; David H.
• Application Number:
  US11/492,676
• Publication Number:
  US 20070000937A1
• Time in Patent Office: 372 Days
• Field of Search: 414/331.01, 414/331.02, 414/331.05, 414/331.03, 414/331.04, 221/79, 221/87, 221/88, 221/120, 221/119, 221/9, 209/583, 209/587
• US Class Current: 221/79
• CPC Class Codes: B65G 1/0435 with pulling or pushing means on either stacking crane or stacking area
• CPC Class Codes: B65G 1/1373 for fulfilling orders in warehouses
• CPC Class Codes: B65G 1/1378 the orders being assembled on fixed commissioning areas remote from the storage areas
• CPC Class Codes: B65G 25/02 the carrier or impeller having different forward and return paths of movement, e.g. walking beam conveyors
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 11/24 Rotary or oscillatory members
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 11/26 Endless bands
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 11/44 in which magazines the articles are stored in bulk
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 11/54 about vertical axes
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 11/58 the articles being supported on or by endless belts or like conveyors
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 11/62 in which the articles are stored in compartments in fixed receptacles
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 17/0092 for assembling and dispensing of pharmaceutical articles medical dispensers for private use, A61J7/00

Abstract

The system includes a bin hopper which temporarily stores a plurality of small elements, such as medications. The elements are moved out of the bin and singulated into a one-by-one sequence by a series of singulating conveyors. The resulting sequence of elements is moved onto a main system conveyor where the element is identified and then moved to a loading mechanism which arranges the item so it is ready to be gripped and stored. The system includes a mass storage apparatus comprising a series of four upstanding cylindrical drums, each having a plurality of individually accessible and addressable cell storage locations for the elements. A gripping apparatus removes the elements from the loading mechanism and transfers them to a selected location in a cylindrical drum. When an article is to be dispensed, the drum is rotated so that an ejection arm comes adjacent the desired location in the drum. The ejector arm is actuated, pushing the small element out of its slot, into the center of the drum, where it falls onto a conveyor which moves the dispensed item from the system.

Claims

1. A method for storing and dispensing individual elements, comprising:

temporarily storing a plurality of individual elements in a storage area;

removing the elements from the storage area;

depositing the elements one by one onto a conveyor;

moving the elements along the conveyor to a loading mechanism;

removing the elements from the conveyor with the loading mechanism and positioning them so that they are ready to be stored;

individually moving the positioned elements with a moving assembly to a mass storage apparatus containing a plurality of individually addressable storage locations;

storing each element in one of the locations in the mass storage apparatus; and

using a dispensing assembly, dispensing a selected individual element from a known location in the mass storage apparatus.

2. A method as in claim 1, wherein the individual elements are medical elements, and singulating the elements before depositing them on the conveyor.

3. A method as in claim 2, wherein the elements are removed from the storage area with a singulating system that includes a series of four conveyors and a speed-up roller, including a first conveyor which is followed by a speed-up roller;

a second conveyor receiving elements from the speed-up roller;

a third, vertically oriented conveyor guiding elements from the second conveyor, the third conveyor extending at approximately a right angle to the second conveyor; and

a fourth conveyor which moves the elements guided by the third conveyor onto the system conveyor.

4. A method as in claim 3, wherein the singulating apparatus includes at least one sensor for each conveyor portion thereof and wherein the operation of one of the singulating conveyors is initiated when a sensor for the next downstream conveyor or roller senses that there is no element present at that location.

5. A method as in claim 1, further comprising operating the moving assembly and the storage apparatus independently of the dispensing assembly.

6. A method as in claim 1, wherein said storage area comprises a bin that includes a hopper having a gated opening for receiving said individual elements therethrough, wherein the hopper includes at least two downwardly and inwardly angled walls for urging the received elements down to a bottom portion of the hopper.

7. A method as in claim 6, further comprising providing a stair-stepper mechanism for moving the individual elements out of the hopper to a start portion.

8. A method as in claim 6, wherein the stair-stepper mechanism includes two alternating sets of separate plates, one set being fixed in position, the other set moving, wherein operation of the moving plates moves the individual elements upwardly along a series of successive step-like portions of the fixed plates.

9. A method as in claim 1, further comprising inspecting the individual elements when they are deposited onto the system conveyor.

10. A method as in claim 4, wherein individual elements are inspected using an inspecting means that includes a movable arm which when actuated moves an item deposited on the system conveyor into contact with a far wall bounding the system conveyor, wherein the arm includes a potentiometer element for determining whether the element is within predefined standards, so that a damaged element container can be identified.

11. A method as in claim 10, further comprising providing an actuating member for moving the far wall when the element is not within the predefined standards, permitting the element to be pushed off the system conveyor and into a first reject deposit member by said moveable arm.

12. A method as in claim 11, wherein the inspecting means includes a pin-like element which is selectively activated to knock down a tall element present on the system conveyor so that it presents a lower profile.

13. A method as in claim 10, further comprising using the inspecting means to visually identify the element and to determine whether the element meets preselected criteria.

14. A method as in claim 1, further comprising providing a scan system for reading a barcode on a surface of the element.

15. A method as in claim 14, further comprising moving the element to a second reject area if no bar code is detected.

16. A method as in claim 1, wherein the loading mechanism includes a loading platform upon which the element is moved from the main conveyor, and a lift platform located therebeneath having pins extending therefrom, and activating the lift platform such that the pins move through corresponding openings in the load platform to elevate the element so that it can be conveniently gripped.

17. A method as in claim 16, further comprising using a pair of gripping arms toward and away from each other to grab the element elevated on the pins.

18. A method as in claim 1, further comprising packaging the elements in a package selected from a group consisting of a bag, a blister pack and an euclid pack.

19. A method as in claim 1, further comprising sensing whether or not the location in the mass storage apparatus is vacant.

20. A method as in claim 1, wherein the dispensing assembly includes a dispensing tower member, an ejector assembly mounted for vertical movement on the dispensing tower member, the ejector assembly including two sets of angled ejector arms, each set operating independently of the other set and covering a selected portion of the vertical dimension of the mass storage apparatus.

21. A method as in claim 20, wherein the ejector arm moves toward and away from the mass storage apparatus, contacting the selected element in an open cell as it moves toward the main storage apparatus, ejecting the stored element into an open center portion of each mass storage apparatus, and providing a conveyor beneath the mass storage apparatus for carrying the dispensed element.