Noninvasive glucose sensor
First Claim
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1. A noninvasive glucose sensor comprising:
- at least one emitter;
at least one photo detector configured to detect emissions from the emitter;
a controller coupled to the at least one emitter adapted to control infrared emission by the emitter including shifting of emitter wavelength to measure absorption at a plurality of wavelengths through a common optical sample volume, and deriving a glucose concentration measurement from measured absorption values wherein;
the controller controls the at least one emitter to shift emitter wavelength by at least one nanometer between two measurement samples in a range from ±
5 nm from a selected center wavelength, resulting in two independent equations with two unknown concentrations of analytes glucose (G) and water (W) the equations being of the form;
Aλ
1=ε
λ
1GG+ε
λ
1WW
Aλ
2=ε
λ
2GG+ε
λ
2WW
where A is absorption and ε
is absorption factor of an analyte at a wavelength, the controller solving the equations for glucose concentration (G) and water concentration (W) using equations of the form;
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Abstract
Glucose concentration is noninvasively measured by measuring a plurality of absorption values using at least one emitter operating at a corresponding plurality of emission wavelengths through a common optical sample volume and deriving glucose concentration from the absorption measurement values.
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Citations
27 Claims
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1. A noninvasive glucose sensor comprising:
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at least one emitter; at least one photo detector configured to detect emissions from the emitter; a controller coupled to the at least one emitter adapted to control infrared emission by the emitter including shifting of emitter wavelength to measure absorption at a plurality of wavelengths through a common optical sample volume, and deriving a glucose concentration measurement from measured absorption values wherein; the controller controls the at least one emitter to shift emitter wavelength by at least one nanometer between two measurement samples in a range from ±
5 nm from a selected center wavelength, resulting in two independent equations with two unknown concentrations of analytes glucose (G) and water (W) the equations being of the form;
Aλ
1=ε
λ
1GG+ε
λ
1WW
Aλ
2=ε
λ
2GG+ε
λ
2WW
where A is absorption and ε
is absorption factor of an analyte at a wavelength, the controller solving the equations for glucose concentration (G) and water concentration (W) using equations of the form; - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
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15. A noninvasive glucose sensor comprising:
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a plurality of emitters capable of generating multiple-wavelength emissions at multiple different emitter center wavelengths; at least one photo detector configured to detect emissions from the emitters; a controller coupled to the plurality of emitters and adapted to control signal acquisition by the emitters including activating ones of the plurality of emitters operating at multiple wavelengths to measure absorption at corresponding multiple wavelengths through a common optical sample volume, and deriving a glucose concentration measurement from the absorption measurement values, wherein; the controller controls the emitters sequentially to shift emitter wavelength by at least one nanometer between two measurement samples in a range from ±
5 nm from a selected center wavelength, resulting in two independent equations with two unknown concentrations of analytes glucose (G) and water (W) the equations being of the form;
Aλ
1=ε
λ
1GG (Center Wavelength)+ε
λ
1WW (Center Wavelength)
Aλ
2=ε
λ
2GG (Center Wavelength)+ε
λ
2WW (Center Wavelength)
where A is absorption and e is absorption factor of an analyte at a wavelength, the controller solving the equations for glucose concentration (G (CenterWavelength)) and water concentration (W (Center Wavelength)) using equations of the form; - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27)
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Specification