Method and apparatus for cooling with coolant at a subambient pressure
First Claim
1. A system for cooling a plurality of heat-generating structures on a ship, the plurality of heat-generating structures each disposed in respective environments having a respective ambient pressure, the system comprising:
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a respective fluid coolant;
structure which reduces a pressure of said respective coolant to a subambient pressure at which said respective coolant has a boiling temperature less than a temperature of said heat-generating structure;
structure which directs a flow of said respective coolant in the form of a liquid at said subambient pressure in a manner causing said liquid coolant to be brought into thermal communication with said heat-generating structure, the heat from said heat-generating structure causing said liquid coolant to boil and vaporize so that said respective coolant absorbs heat from said heat-generating structure as said respective coolant changes state, wherein said heat-generating structure includes a plurality of sections which each generate heat, and wherein said structure for directing the flow of said coolant brings respective portions of said coolant into thermal communication with respective said sections of said heat-generating structure;
a heat exchanger for removing heat from said respective coolant flowing through said loop so as to condense said coolant to a liquid; and
at least one intermediary cooling loop operable to thermally couple the respective coolants with a body of water on which the ship floats, the at least one intermediary cooling loop comprising at least one intermediary cooling loop heat exchanger operable to exchange heat between the body of water and an intermediary cooling fluid in the intermediary cooling loop.
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Accused Products
Abstract
According to one embodiment, an apparatus includes a fluid coolant and structure which reduces a pressure of the fluid coolant through a subambient pressure at which the coolant has a cooling temperature less than a temperature of the heat-generating structure. The apparatus also includes structure that directs a flow of the fluid coolant in the form of a liquid at a subambient pressure in a manner causing the liquid coolant to be brought into thermal communication with the heat-generating structure. The heat from the heat-generating structure causes the liquid coolant to boil and vaporize so that the coolant absorbs heat from the heat-generating structure as the coolant changes state. The structure is configured to circulate the fluid coolant through a flow loop while maintaining the pressure of the fluid coolant within a range having an upper bound less than ambient pressure. The apparatus also includes a first heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the fluid coolant flowing through the loop and a second coolant in an intermediary loop so as to condense the fluid coolant flowing through the loop to a liquid. The apparatus also includes a second heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the second coolant in the intermediary cooling loop and a body of water on which the ship is disposed.
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Citations
19 Claims
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1. A system for cooling a plurality of heat-generating structures on a ship, the plurality of heat-generating structures each disposed in respective environments having a respective ambient pressure, the system comprising:
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for each heat generating structure; a respective fluid coolant; structure which reduces a pressure of said respective coolant to a subambient pressure at which said respective coolant has a boiling temperature less than a temperature of said heat-generating structure; structure which directs a flow of said respective coolant in the form of a liquid at said subambient pressure in a manner causing said liquid coolant to be brought into thermal communication with said heat-generating structure, the heat from said heat-generating structure causing said liquid coolant to boil and vaporize so that said respective coolant absorbs heat from said heat-generating structure as said respective coolant changes state, wherein said heat-generating structure includes a plurality of sections which each generate heat, and wherein said structure for directing the flow of said coolant brings respective portions of said coolant into thermal communication with respective said sections of said heat-generating structure; a heat exchanger for removing heat from said respective coolant flowing through said loop so as to condense said coolant to a liquid; and at least one intermediary cooling loop operable to thermally couple the respective coolants with a body of water on which the ship floats, the at least one intermediary cooling loop comprising at least one intermediary cooling loop heat exchanger operable to exchange heat between the body of water and an intermediary cooling fluid in the intermediary cooling loop. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4)
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5. An apparatus, comprising heat-generating structure disposed in an environment having an ambient pressure, and a cooling system for removing heat from said heat-generating structure, said heat-generating structure disposed on a ship, said cooling system including:
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a first fluid coolant; structure which reduces a pressure of said first coolant to a subambient pressure at which said coolant has a boiling temperature less than a temperature of said heat-generating structure; structure which directs a flow of said first coolant in the form of a liquid at said subambient pressure in a manner causing said liquid coolant to be brought into thermal communication with said heat-generating structure, the heat from said heat-generating structure causing said liquid coolant to boil and vaporize so that said first coolant absorbs heat from said heat-generating structure as said coolant changes state, wherein said structure is configured to circulate said first coolant through a flow loop while maintaining the pressure of said first coolant within a range having an upper bound less than said ambient pressure; a first heat exchanger for exchanging heat between said first coolant flowing through said loop and a second coolant in an intermediary loop so as to condense said first coolant flowing through said loop to a liquid; and a second heat exchanger for exchanging heat between said second coolant in the intermediary cooling loop and a body of water on which the ship is disposed. - View Dependent Claims (6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A method for cooling heat-generating structure on a ship on a body of water, the heat-generating structure disposed in an environment having an ambient pressure, the method comprising:
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providing a primary fluid coolant; reducing a pressure of said primary fluid coolant to a subambient pressure at which said primary coolant has a boiling temperature less than a temperature of said heat-generating structure; bringing said primary coolant at said subambient pressure into thermal communication with said heat-generating structure, so that said primary coolant boils and vaporizes to thereby absorb heat from said heat-generating structure; circulating said primary coolant through a flow loop while maintaining the pressure of said primary coolant within a range having an upper bound less than said ambient pressure, said flow loop in thermal communication with a heat exchanger for removing heat from said primary coolant so as to condense said primary coolant to a liquid; providing an intermediary cooling loop in thermal communication with said heat exchanger; exchanging, by the heat exchanger, heat from said primary coolant with an intermediary loop coolant in said intermediary cooling loop; and exchanging heat from said intermediary cooling loop coolant with a sink fluid. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14)
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15. A method for cooling a plurality of heat-generating structures on a ship on a body of water, the plurality of heat-generating structures each disposed in respective environments having a respective ambient pressure, the method comprising:
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for each heat-generating structure; providing a respective fluid coolant; reducing a pressure of said respective fluid coolant to a subambient pressure at which said respective coolant has a boiling temperature less than a temperature of said heat-generating structure; bringing said respective coolant at said subambient pressure into thermal communication with said heat-generating structure so that said coolant boils and vaporizes to thereby absorb heat from said heat-generating structure; and circulating said respective coolant through a respective flow loop while maintaining the pressure of said respective coolant within a range having an upper bound less than said respective ambient pressure, said respective flow loop in thermal communication with a respective heat exchanger for removing heat from said respective coolant so as to condense said respective coolant to a liquid; providing at least one intermediary cooling loop; exchanging, by each respective heat exchanger, heat from each respective coolant with said at least one intermediary cooling loop so as to condense at least a portion of said respective coolant to a liquid; and exchanging heat from said at least one intermediary cooling loop with the body of water. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19)
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Specification