Bone milling instrument

• US 7,255,702 B2
• Filed: 05/09/2003
• Issued: 08/14/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 05/09/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Shalby Advanced Technologies, Inc. (Shalby Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Alfred S. Despres III, Michael A. Serra, Shaun B. Hanson
• Inventors: Hanson, Shaun B., Serra, Michael A., Despres, Alfred S. III
• Primary Examiner(s): Stewart; Alvin J.
• Application Number:
  US10/435,574
• Publication Number:
  US 20040092951A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,558 Days
• Field of Search: 606/80, 606/79, 606/84, 606/87, 606/86, 606/96, 606 97- 98, 606/99, 606 54- 56, 606 57- 59
• US Class Current: 606/80
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1668 for the upper femur A61B17/164 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/175 for preparing the femur for hip prosthesis insertion

Abstract

A bone milling instrument is disclosed for creating a shaped cavity from an initial cavity in a bone, the bone milling instrument comprising a reference frame, a centering member at the distal end of the reference frame, a registration surface for engaging a portion of the initial cavity, and an attachment site provided proximally of the registration surface, a guidance support member, an attachment mechanism at the first end of the guidance support member, and a constrained pathway extending between the ends of the guidance support member; a shuttle having a first connection element configured for positionably attaching the shuttle to the guidance support member, and a second connection element configured to provide a rotational coupler; and a cutting device having a cutting portion configured at a distal end thereof, and an attachment portion provided at a proximal end.

Claims

1. A bone milling instrument for creating a shaped cavity from an initial cavity in a bone, the bone milling instrument comprising:

a reference frame comprising a proximal end and a distal end, the reference frame defining a longitudinal axis between the proximal end and the distal end, a cylindrical member provided at the distal end of the reference frame, the cylindrical member configured for placement within the initial cavity so as to selectively maintain a relative positioning of the longitudinal axis of the reference frame and the bone with one another, a registration surface for engaging a portion of the initial cavity so as to establish a desired vertical position of the reference frame along the longitudinal axis, the registration surface being located proximally of the cylindrical member, and an attachment site provided proximally of the registration surface;

a guidance support member comprising a first end and a second end, an attachment mechanism at the first end of the guidance support member for adjustable connection thereof at the attachment site of the reference frame, and an arc-shaped constrained pathway extending between the first end and the second end of the guidance support member;

a shuttle comprising a first connection element and a second connection element, the first connection element configured for positionably attaching the shuttle to the guidance support member so as to contain movement of the shuttle along the constrained pathway; and

the second connection element connected to a rotational coupler within the shuttle; and

a cutting device comprising a proximal end and a distal end, a cutting portion configured at the distal end of the cutting device, and an attachment portion provided at the proximal end, wherein the cutting device is attached to the rotational coupler only within the shuttle at the attachment portion, with the distal end of the cutting device being free-standing relative to the reference frame, so as to allow rotational motion of the cutting portion as the shuttle is moved along the arc-shaped constrained pathway, thereby creating a shaped cavity from the initial cavity in the bone.

2. A bone milling instrument according to claim 1 wherein the reference frame comprises a registration surface which is conical in shape.

3. A bone milling instrument according to claim 1 wherein the reference frame comprises a registration surface which is cylindrical in shape.

4. A bone milling instrument according to claim 1 wherein the cylindrical member of the reference frame is modular.

5. A bone milling instrument according to claim 1 wherein the guidance support member comprises one track.

6. A bone milling instrument according to claim 1 wherein the guidance support member further comprises multiple tracks.

7. A bone milling instrument according to claim 1 wherein the guidance support member further comprises selectively repositionable attachment means for selective positioning of the guidance support member relative to the reference frame, wherein the guidance support member can be placed in a series of fixed positions relative to the reference frame so as to define a range of discrete sized cavities within the bone.

8. A bone milling instrument according to claim 1 wherein the guidance support member is positioned asymmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the reference frame.

9. A bone milling instrument according to claim 1 wherein the cutting device comprises a conical cutting surface so as to produce a cavity having a biplanar wedge shape.

10. A bone milling instrument according to claim 1 wherein the cutting device comprises a cylindrical cutting surface so as to produce a cavity having parallel sides.

11. A bone milling instrument according to claim 1 wherein the cutting device comprises a curved tapering cutting surface so as to produce a cavity that has curved tapering walls.

12. A bone milling instrument according to claim 1 wherein the reference frame is rotationally positionable about the longitudinal axis thereof so as to establish the orientation of the shaped cavity in the bone.

13. A bone milling instrument according to claim 1 wherein the cutting device is translationally and rotationally movable so as to produce a substantially variable angle of the cutting device relative to the longitudinal axis of the reference frame.

14. A method for creating a shaped cavity from an initial cavity in a bone, the method comprising:

providing a bone milling instrument for creating a shaped cavity from an initial cavity in a bone, the bone milling instrument comprising;

a reference frame comprising a proximal end and a distal end, the reference frame defining a longitudinal axis between the proximal end and the distal end, a cylindrical member provided at the distal end of the reference frame, the cylindrical member configured for placement within the initial cavity so as to selectively maintain a relative positioning of the longitudinal axis of the reference frame and the bone with one another, a registration surface for engaging a portion of the initial cavity so as to establish a desired vertical position of the reference frame along the longitudinal axis, the registration surface being located proximally of the cylindrical member, and an attachment site provided proximally of the registration surface;

a guidance support member comprising a first end and a second end, an attachment mechanism at the first end of the guidance support member for adjustable connection thereof at the attachment site of the reference frame, and an arcshaped constrained pathway extending between the first end and the second end of the guidance support member;

a shuttle comprising a first connection element and a second connection element, the first connection element configured for positionably attaching the shuttle to the guidance support member so as to contain movement of the shuttle along the constrained pathway, and the second connection element configured to provide a rotational coupler within the shuttle; and

a cutting device comprising a proximal end and a distal end, a cutting portion configured at the distal end of the cutting device, and an attachment portion provided at the proximal end, wherein the cutting device is attached to the rotational coupler only within the shuttle at the attachment portion, with the distal end of the cutting device being free-standing relative to the reference frame, so as to allow rotational motion of the cutting portion as the shuttle is moved along the arc-shaped constrained pathway, thereby creating a shaped cavity from the initial cavity in the bone;

positioning the reference frame into the initial cavity; and

moving the shuttle within the constrained pathway with the cutting device rotating so as to create the shaped cavity.

15. A bone milling instrument for creating a shaped cavity from an initial cavity in a bone, the bone milling instrument comprising:

a reference frame having a proximal end and a distal end, the reference frame defining a longitudinal axis between the proximal end and the distal end, a cylindrical member provided at the distal end of the reference frame, the cylindrical member configured for placement within the initial cavity so as to selectively maintain a relative positioning of the longitudinal axis of the reference frame and the bone with one another, a registration surface for engaging a portion of the initial cavity so as to establish a desired vertical position of the reference frame along the longitudinal axis, the registration surface located proximally of the cylindrical member, and an attachment site provided proximally of the registration surface;

a guidance support member having a first end and a second end, an attachment mechanism at the first end of the guidance support member for adjustable connection thereof at the attachment site of the reference frame and a constrained pathway extending between the first end and the second end of the guidance support member;

a shuttle having a first connection element and a second connection element, the first connection element configured for positionably attaching the shuttle to the guidance support member so as to allow movement of the shuttle within the constrained pathway, and the second connection element connected to a rotational coupler within the shuttle; and

a cutting device having a proximal end and a distal end, a cutting portion configured at the distal end of the cutting device, and an attachment portion provided at the proximal end, wherein the cutting device is selectively attached to the rotational coupler within the shuttle so as to allow rotational motion of the cutting portion as the shuttle is selectively positioned within the constrained pathway so as to create the shaped cavity from the initial cavity in the bone

wherein the reference frame is rotationally positionable about the longitudinal axis thereof so as to establish the orientation of the shaped cavity in the bone.