Method of making a three-dimensional sintered product

• US 7,255,830 B2
• Filed: 09/29/2003
• Issued: 08/14/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 09/30/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Panasonic Electric Works Company Limited (Panasonic Holdings Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Asahi Matsushita Electric Works Ltd. (Panasonic Holdings Corporation)
• Inventors: Takenami, Masataka, Fuwa, Isao, Abe, Satoshi, Yoshida, Norio, Togeyama, Hirohiko, Uenaga, Shuushi
• Primary Examiner(s): KASTLER, SCOTT R
• Application Number:
  US10/671,689
• Publication Number:
  US 20040228754A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,415 Days
• Field of Search: 419/58, 148/301
• US Class Current: 419/58
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 10/28 Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 10/36 of energy beam parameters
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 10/366 Scanning parameters, e.g. hatch distance or scanning strategy
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 10/37 of powder bed aspects, e.g. density
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 10/50 Treatment of workpieces or articles during build-up, e.g. treatments applied to fused layers during build-up
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 12/67 Blades
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 12/90 Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 2999/00 Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 3/004 Filling molds with powder feeding material to presses in general B30B15/302
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 64/153 using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 10/00 Processes of additive manufacturing
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 10/25 Process efficiency

Abstract

To make a three-dimensional object, an optical beam is first irradiated on a predetermined portion of a powder layer to form a sintered layer, which is then covered with a new powder layer. The optical beam is again irradiated on a predetermined portion of the new powder layer to form another sintered layer that has been united with the underlying sintered layer. These processes are repeatedly carried out to form a plurality of sintered layers united together. When the second lower density layer is formed on the first higher density layer, a powder material layer for the lower density layer is formed at a predetermined thickness so as to have a thickness suitable for sintering condition and then the powder material layer is sintered to form the lower density layer.

Claims

1. A method of preparing a three-dimensional sintered product which comprises (a) sintering a predetermined portion of a first powder material layer by irradiation of a first optical beam to form a first layer having a higher density, (b) forming a second powder material layer on the first layer and (c) sintering a predetermined portion of the second powder material layer by irradiation of a second optical beam to form a second layer having a lower density and bond the second lower density layer to the first higher density layer and (d) repeating (a) to (c) to form a three-dimensional sintered block comprising a plurality of the first and second layers,

wherein, after an additional intermediate layer having a density equal to or lower than that of the first higher density layer, is formed on the higher density layer which is sintered smaller in thickness than a predetermined value, the second lower density layer is formed through the additional intermediate layer on the first higher density layer.

2. A method of preparing a three-dimensional sintered product according to claim 1, wherein the additional intermediate layer is a middle density sintered layer and comprises a plurality of layers which density decreases from that of the higher density to that of the lower density according to the layer position.

3. A method of preparing a three-dimensional sintered product according to claim 1, wherein a sintering condition for the intermediate layer is determined according to a thickness of the powder material layer.

4. A method of preparing a three-dimensional sintered product according to claim 1, wherein when a powder material layer having a thickness smaller than a predetermined value is formed on the top layer of the higher density layers and the thickness of the powder material layer is determined by a sinking amount of the stage where the powder material layer is formed, an additional powder material layer is formed without sinking of the stage.

5. A method of preparing a three-dimensional sintered product according to claim 1, wherein when the second lower density layer is formed on the first higher density layer, the position of the higher density layer is measured and according to the measuring result, a thickness and a sintering condition of next powder material layer is determined.

6. A method of preparing a three-dimensional sintered product according to claim 1, wherein when the second lower density layer is formed on the first higher density layer, a driving load of blade for leveling the powder material layer is measured and according to the measuring result, a thickness and a sintering condition of next powder material layer is determined.

7. A method of preparing a three-dimensional sintered product according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional sintered product is a metal mold and is made of powder material having an average powder size of 0.1 to 200 micron and comprising ferrous powder and one or more of nonferrous metal powders consisting of nickel, nickel alloy, copper, and copper alloy.

8. A method of preparing a three-dimensional sintered product according to claim 2, wherein a sintering condition for the intermediate layer is determined according to a thickness of the powder material layer.

9. A method of preparing a three-dimensional sintered product according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of first and second layers are made of the same material.