Apparatus and method for an automated grammar file expansion tool

• US 7,257,529 B2
• Filed: 09/10/2001
• Issued: 08/14/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 09/10/2001
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Original Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Inventors: Bennett, Steven M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Smits; Talivaldis Nars
• Assistant Examiner(s): Serrou; Abdelali
• Application Number:
  US09/951,338
• Publication Number:
  US 20030050772A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,164 Days
• Field of Search: 704/1, 704/7, 704/9, 704/275, 704/10, 704/246, 704/254, 704/257, 707/3, 707/5, 370/252
• US Class Current: 704/9
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 40/253 Grammatical analysis; Style critique

Abstract

An apparatus and method for an automated grammar file expansion tool are described. The method includes the receipt of a source grammar file. Once received, one or more grammar rules within the source grammar file are expanded to generate one or more expanded grammar rules. Once expanded, the one or more expanded grammar rules are provided to a grammar developer, for example, via a graphical user interface. Finally, a final grammar file is generated, including functionality of each grammar rule within the source grammar file, as well as one or more expanded grammar rules selected by the grammar developer from the expanded grammar rules.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

receiving a source grammar file including one or more grammar rules;

expanding at least one grammar rule within the source grammar file to generate at least one synonym expanded grammar rule;

reordering one or more components of the synonym expanded grammar rule to form one or more statement expanded grammar rules as at least one modified grammar rule;

storing the modified grammar rule as an expanded grammar rule if a meaning of the grammar rule from the source grammar file is retained by the modified grammar rule; and

generating a final grammar file including each grammar rule within the source grammar file as well as one or more modified grammar rules selected by a grammar developer.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein expanding the at least one grammar rule further comprises:

selecting a grammar rule from the one or more grammar rules within the source grammar file;

selecting one or more components from the selected grammar statement;

generating a synonym rule for each of the one or more selected components, each synonym rule including a plurality of synonyms;

replacing each selected component in the selected grammar rule with a respective synonym rule non-terminal to form a synonym expanded grammar rule; and

repeating the selecting, selecting, generating and replacing for each grammar rule within the source grammar file to form one or more synonym expanded grammar rules and one or more associated synonym rules as the at least one expanded grammar rule.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein generating an expanded synonym rule further comprises:

selecting a component from the one or more selected components;

generating a synonym rule skeleton for the selected component;

generating a plurality of synonyms for the selected component;

merging the plurality of synonyms into the synonym rule skeleton to form a synonym rule; and

repeating the selecting, generating, generating and merging for each of the one or more selected components.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein expanding the at least one grammar rule further comprises:

selecting a synonym expanded grammar rule from the one or more synonym expanded grammar rules;

reordering one or more components of the selected synonym expanded grammar rule to form one or more statement expanded grammar rules; and

repeating the selecting and reordering for each of the one or more synonym expanded grammar rules to form the one or more statement expanded grammar rules as the at least one modified grammar rule.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein reordering one or more components of the selected synonym expanded grammar rule further comprises:

traversing an internal representation of the selected synonym expanded grammar rule to select a component of the selected synonym expanded grammar rule;

placing the selected component within a position of one or more positions within the selected synonym expanded grammar rule to form an internal statement expanded grammar rule;

determining whether the internal statement expanded grammar rule retains a meaning of the selected synonym expanded grammar rule;

when the internal statement expanded grammar rule retains a meaning of the selected synonym expanded grammar rule, storing the internal statement expanded grammar rule as a statement expanded grammar rule;

repeating the placing, determining and storing for each of one or more positions within the selected synonym expanded grammar rule; and

repeating the traversing, placing, determining, storing and repeating for each component of the selected synonym expanded grammar rule in order to form the one or more statement expanded grammar rules as the at least one modified grammar rules.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein reordering one or more components of the selected synonym expanded grammar rule further comprises:

traversing an internal representation of the selected grammar rule to select one or more components of the selected synonym expanded grammar rule according to a reordering rule;

placing each of the selected components within a respective position of one or more positions within the selected synonym expanded grammar rule, according to the reordering rule, to form a statement expanded grammar rule; and

repeating the traversing and placing for each component of the selected statement expanded grammar rule in order to form the one or more statement expanded grammar rules as the at least one modified grammar rules.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein expanding each grammar rule further comprises:

selecting a grammar rule from the one or more grammar rules within the source grammar file;

reordering one or more components of the selected grammar rule to form one or more statement expanded grammar rules; and

repeating the selecting and reordering for each of the one or more grammar rules within the source grammar file to form one or more statement expanded grammar rules as the at least one modified grammar rule.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein reordering one or more components of the selected grammar rule further comprises:

traversing an internal representation of the selected grammar rule to select one or more components of the selected grammar rule according to a reordering rule;

placing the selected components within a respective position of one or more positions within the selected grammar rule, according to the reordering rule, to form a statement expanded grammar rule; and

repeating the traversing and placing for each of one or more reordering rules to form the one or more statement expanded grammar rules as the at least one modified grammar rule.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein reordering one or more components of the selected grammar rule further comprises:

traversing an internal representation of the selected grammar rule to select a component of the selected grammar rule;

placing the selected component within a position of one or more positions within the selected grammar rule to form an internal statement expanded grammar rule;

determining whether the internal statement expanded grammar rule retains a meaning of the selected grammar rule;

when the internal statement expanded grammar rule retains a meaning of the selected grammar rule, storing the internal statement expanded grammar rule as a statement expanded grammar rule;

repeating the placing, determining and storing for each of one or more positions within the selected grammar rule; and

repeating the traversing, placing, determining, storing and repeating for each component of the selected grammar rule in order to form the one or more statement expanded grammar rules as the at least one modified grammar rule.

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

providing the expanded grammar rule to a grammar developer.

11. The method of claim 10, further comprising:

receiving a selection from the grammar developer for the expanded grammar rules; and

generating a final grammar file including functionality of each grammar rule within the source grammar file as well as one or more expanded grammar rules selected by the grammar developer from the at least one expanded grammar rule.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the expanded grammar rule include one of one or more statement expanded grammar rules, one or more synonym expanded grammar rules and one or more associated synonym rules.

13. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

generating a final grammar file including functionality of each grammar rule within the source grammar file as well as the expanded grammar rule.

14. A computer readable storage medium encoded with computer executable instructions, which when executed perform a method comprising:

receiving a source grammar file including one or more grammar rules;

expanding at least one grammar rule within the source grammar file to generate at least one synonym expanded grammar rule;

reordering one or more components of the synonym expanded grammar rule to form one or more statement expanded grammar rules as at least one modified grammar rule; and

storing the modified graniniar as an expanded grammar rule if a meaning of the grammar rule from source grammar file is retained by the modified grammar rule.

15. The computer readable storage medium of claim 14, wherein expanding the grammar rule further comprises:

selecting a grammar rule from the one or more grammar rules within the source grammar file;

selecting one or more components from the selected grammar rule;

generating a synonym rule for each of the one or more selected components, each synonym rule including a plurality of synonyms;

replacing each selected component in the selected grammar rule with a respective synonym rule non-terminal of a respective synonym rule to form a synonym expanded grammar rule; and

repeating the selecting, selecting, generating and replacing for each grammar rule within the source grammar file to form one or more synonym expanded grammar rules and one or more associated synonym rules as the at least one modified grammar rule.

16. The computer readable storage medium of claim 15, generating a synonym rule expand further comprises:

selecting a component from the one or more selected components;

generating a synonym rule skeleton for the selected component;

generating a plurality of synonyms for the selected component;

merging the plurality of synonyms into the synonym rule skeleton to form a synonym rule; and

repeating the selecting, generating, generating and forming for each of the one or more selected components.

17. The computer readable storage medium of claim 14, wherein expanding the at least one grammar rule further comprises:

selecting a synonym expanded grammar rule from the one or more synonym expanded grammar rules;

reordering one or more components of the selected synonym expanded grammar rule to form one or more statement expanded grammar rules; and

repeating the selecting and reordering for each of the one or more synonym expanded grammar rules to form the one or more statement expanded grammar rules as the at least one modified grammar rule.

18. The computer readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein reordering one or more components of the selected synonym expanded grammar rule further comprises:

traversing an internal representation of the selected synonym expanded grammar rule to select a component of the selected synonym expanded grammar rule;

placing the selected component within a position of one or more positions within the selected synonym expanded grammar rule to form an internal statement expanded grammar rule;

determining whether the internal statement expanded grammar rule retains a meaning of the selected synonym expanded grammar rule;

when the internal statement expanded grammar rule retains a meaning of the selected synonym expanded grammar rule, storing the internal statement expanded grammar rule as a statement expanded grammar rule;

repeating the placing, determining and storing for each of one or more positions within the selected grammar rule; and

repeating the traversing, placing, determining, storing and repeating for each component of the selected synonym expanded grammar rule in order to form the one or more statement expanded grammar rules as the at least one modified grammar rule.

19. The computer readable storage method of claim 17, wherein reordering one or more components of the selected grammar rule further comprises:

traversing an internal representation of the selected synonym expanded grammar rule to select one or more components of the selected synonym expanded grammar rule according to a reordering rule;

placing each of the selected components within a respective position of one or more positions within the selected synonym expanded grammar rule, according to the reordering rule, to form a statement expanded grammar rule; and

repeating the traversing and placing for each of one or more reordering rules to form the one or more statement expanded grammar rules as the at least one modified grammar rule.

20. The computer readable storage medium of claim 14, wherein expanding each grammar rule further includes:

selecting a grammar rule from one or more grammar rules within the source grammar file;

reordering one or more components of the selected grammar rule to form one or more statement expanded grammar rules; and

repeating the selecting and reordering for each of the one or more grammar rules within the source grammar file to form the one or more statement expanded grammar rules as the at least one modified grammar rule.

21. The computer readable storage medium of claim 20, wherein reordering one or more components of the grammar rule further comprises:

traversing an internal representation of the selected grammar rule to select a component of the selected grammar rule;

placing the selected component within a position of one or more positions within the selected grammar rule to form an internal statement expanded grammar rule;

determining whether the internal statement expanded grammar rule retains a meaning of the selected grammar rule;

when the internal statement expanded grammar rule retains a meaning of the selected grammar rule, storing the internal statement expanded grammar rule as a statement expanded grammar rule;

repeating the placing, determining and storing for each of one or more positions within the selected grammar rule; and

repeating the traversing, placing, determining, storing and repeating for each component of the selected grammar rule in order to form the one or more statement expanded grammar rules as the at least one modified grammar rule.

22. The computer readable storage medium of claim 20, wherein reordering one or more components of the selected grammar rule further comprises:

traversing an internal representation of the selected grammar rule to select one or more components of the selected grammar rule according to a reordering rule;

placing the selected component within a respective position of one or more positions within the selected grammar rule, according to the reordering rule, to form a statement expanded grammar rule; and

repeating the traversing and placing for each of one or more reordering rules to form the one or more statement expanded grammar rules as the at least one modified grammar rule.

23. The computer readable storage medium of claim 14, further comprising:

providing the modified grammar rule to a grammar developer.

24. The computer readable storage medium of claim 23, further comprising:

receiving a selection from the grammar developer for one or more of the at least one expanded grammar rule; and

generating a final grammar file including functionality of each grammar rule within the source grammar file as well as the one or more expanded grammar rules selected by the grammar developer from the at least one modified grammar rule.

25. The computer readable storage medium of claim 23, wherein the at least one expanded grammar rule include one of one or more statement expanded grammar rules, one or more synonym expanded grammar rules and one or more associated synonym rules.

26. The computer readable storage medium of claim 14, further comprising:

generating a final grammar file including functionality of each grammar rule within the source grammar file as well as the at least one modified grammar rule.

27. An apparatus, comprising:

a processor having circuitry to execute instructions;

grammar file expansion logic to reorder one or more components of a synonym expanded grammar rule to form one or more statement expanded grammar rules as at least one modified grammar rule;

a user interface coupled to the processor, the user interface to provide the modified grammar rule to a grammar developer, and to receive a selection from the grammar developer for one or more of the modified grammar rules;

a display device to display the expanded modified rules to the grammar developer;

a storage device coupled to the processor, having sequences of instructions stored therein, which when executed by the processor cause the processor to;

generate a final grammar file including each grammar rule within the source grammar file as well as one or more modified grammar rules selected by the grammar developer.

28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein prior to the instruction to generate a final grammar file, the processor is further caused to:

receive a source grammar file;

expand one or more grammar rules within the source grammar file to generate one or more expanded grammar rules; and

provide the one or more expanded grammar rules to the grammar developer.

29. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the processor is further caused to:

provide the final grammar file to a speech recognition engine of a speech recognition system.

30. A system comprising:

a speech interface to receive digitized speech data from a user;

a speech recognition engine to process the speech data to determine a recognized phrase as the speech data provided by the user utilizing an expanded grammar file; and

a processor having a capability to;

expand one or more grammar rules within the source grammar file to generate one or more expanded grammar rules;

reorder one or more components of the selected grammar rule to form one or more statement expanded grammar rules as at least one modified grammar rule;

provide the one or more modified grammar rules to the grammar developer;

generate the expanded grammar file including each grammar rule within a source grammar file as well as one or more expanded grammar rules selected by the grammar developer; and

generate a final grammar file including each grammar rule within the source grammar file as well as one or more modified grammar rules selected by the grammar developer.

31. The system of claim 30, wherein speech interface further comprises:

an interface to receive analog speech data from the user; and

an analog-to-digital conversion unit to convert the analog speech data to a digital format as the digitized speech data.