Method and apparatus for detecting unauthorized intrusion into a container

• US 7,259,669 B2
• Filed: 04/15/2004
• Issued: 08/21/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 04/18/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Savi Technology Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Savi Technology Incorporated
• Inventors: Keleshian, Philip J., Thorne, Roderick E., Farrell, Steven J., Rajapakse, Ravindra U., Padilla, Gustavo, Cargonja, Nikola
• Primary Examiner(s): Pope, Daryl C
• Application Number:
  US10/824,844
• Publication Number:
  US 20040263329A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,223 Days
• Field of Search: 340/539.1, 340/539.18, 340/572.1, 340/573.3, 340/573.4, 340/573.1
• US Class Current: 340/539.18
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 2325/105 Radio frequency identification data [RFID]
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 25/104 characterised by the type of theft warning signal, e.g. visual or audible signals with special characteristics
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/2494 by interference with electro-magnetic field distribution combined with other electrical sensor means, e.g. microwave detectors combined with other sensor means

Abstract

An intrusion detection technique involves: emitting a wireless signal within a container; detecting the wireless signal near the container; and responding to detection of a change in a characteristic of the detected wireless signal by transmitting a wireless notification to a location remote from the container. A different technique involves: responding to a determination that a condition representative of unauthorized intrusion is present while the container is stationary by transmitting a wireless notification; and responding to a determination that the container is moving by ignoring whether the condition is present. Yet another technique involves: monitoring whether a door of a container is in a closed position; and emitting a wireless signal indicating whether the container door is in the closed position.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

emitting a wireless signal within a container;

detecting said wireless signal in the region of and externally of said container;

monitoring said detected wireless signal for a change in a characteristic thereof caused by a circumstance other than a change in said wireless signal as transmitted; and

responding to detection of a change in said characteristic of said detected wireless signal by transmitting a wireless notification of the occurrence of the change to a location remote from said container.

2. A method according to claim 1, wherein said transmitting of maid wireless notification is carried out promptly after detection of the change.

3. A method according to claim 1, wherein said responding includes saving a time of occurrence of the change.

4. A method according to claim 3, wherein said transmitting of said wireless notification is carried out in response to receipt in the region of said container of a wireless interrogation signal transmitted at a location remote from said container.

5. A method according to claim 1, wherein said detecting includes processing of said wireless signal using arm adaptive technique.

6. A method according to claim 1, wherein said characteristic is a signal strength of said wireless signal at a location where said detecting of said wireless signals take place.

7. A method according to claim 6, wherein said monitoring includes determining whether said signal strength has increased from a valve below a selected threshold to a value above said threshold.

8. A method according to claim 1,

wherein said detecting is carried out at each of spiced first and second locations external to said container;

and

wherein said characteristic is a phase difference between said wireless signal as detected at said first location and said wireless signal as detected at said second location.

9. A method according to claim 1,

wherein said wireless signal emitted within said container contains a unique identification code;

and

wherein said monitoring is carried out using only detected wireless signals that include said unique identification code.

10. A method according to claim 1, including:

monitoring whether a door of said container is in a closed position; and

emitting a wireless signal indicating whether said container door is in said closed position.

11. A method according to claim 10, wherein said monitoring of said door is carried out within said container.

12. A method according to claim 10, wherein said monitoring of said door is carried out using a magnetic field.

13. A method according to claim 10, including:

providing a security device which effects locking of said container door in said closed position;

monitoring whether there has been unauthorized tampering with said security device; and

emitting a further wireless signal indicating whether unauthorized tampering with said security device has been detected.

14. A method according to claim 10, wherein said emitting of said wireless signal regarding said door is carried out in a manner that includes emitting said wireless signal regarding said door at a location external to said container.

15. An apparatus comprising:

a container;

a first transmitter which is supported on said container and emits a wireless signal within said container;

a receiver which is supported on said container externally thereof, which detects maid wireless signal, and which monitors said detected wireless signal for a change in a characteristic thereof caused by a circumstance other than a change in said wireless signal as transmitted; and

a second transmitter which responds to detection by said receiver of a change in said characteristic of said detected wireless signal by transmitting a wireless notification of the occurrence of the change to a location remote from said container.

16. An apparatus according to claim 15, wherein said second transmitter transmits said wireless notification promptly after detection of a change in said characteristic.

17. An apparatus according to claim 15, wherein said receiver responds to detection of a change in said characteristic by saving a time of occurrence of the change.

18. An apparatus according to claim 17,

including at a location remote from said container a pan which can transmit a wireless interrogation signal;

wherein said receiver can receive said wireless interrogation signal; and

wherein said second transmitter transmits said wireless notification in response to receipt by said receiver of said wireless interrogation signal.

19. An apparatus according to claim 15, wherein said receiver processes said wireless signal using an adaptive technique.

20. An apparatus according to claim 15, wherein said characteristic is a signal strength of said wireless signal, as measured at a location where said detecting of said wireless signals takes place.

21. An apparatus according to claim 20, wherein said receiver effects said monitoring by evaluating whether said signal strength has increased from a value below a selected threshold to a value above said threshold.

22. An apparatus according to claim 15,

wherein said receiver includes tat and second portions which are respectively disposed at spaced first and second locations external to said container, and which respectively detect said wireless signal at said first and second locations;

and

wherein said characteristic is a phase difference between said wireless signal as detected at said first location and said wireless signal as detected at said second location.

23. An apparatus according to claim 15,

wherein said first transmitter inserts a unique identification code into the wireless signal that it emits within said container;

and

wherein said receiver effects said monitoring using only detected wireless signals that include said unique identification code.

24. An apparatus according to claim 15;

wherein said container has a door supported for movement to and from a closed position;

including a first portion which monitors whether said door of said container is in said closed position; and

including a second portion which is cooperable with said first portion and which can emit a wireless signal indicating whether said container door is in said closed position.

25. An apparatus according to claim 24, wherein said first portion carries out said monitoring of said door from within said container.

26. An apparatus according to claim 24, wherein said second portion emits said wireless signal at a location external to said container.

27. A method comprising:

monitoring a container for a condition representative of unauthorized Intrusion into the container;

determining whether said container is stationary

responding to a determination that said condition is present while said container is stationary by transmitting a wireless notification of the presence of said condition; and

responding to a determination that said container is moving by ignoring whether said condition is present.

28. A method according to claim 27, wherein said monitoring includes:

emitting wireless signal within said container;

detecting said wireless signal at a location which is near said container and spaced from the location where said wireless signal is emitted; and

evaluating whether a change occurs in a characteristic of said detected wireless signal, said condition being present when said change is detected in said characteristic.

29. A method according to claim 28, wherein said characteristic is a signal strength of said wireless signal at the location where said detecting of said wireless signal takes place.

30. A method according to claim 28,

wherein said detecting of said wireless signal takes place at each of spaced first and second locations external to said container;

and

wherein said characteristic is a phase difference between said wireless signal as detected at said first location and said wireless signal as detected at said second location.

31. A method according to claim 28, wherein said detecting of said wireless signal is carried out externally of said container.

32. A method according to claim 27, wherein acid transmitting of said wireless notification is carried out promptly after detection of said condition.

33. A method according to claim 27, wherein said responding to a determination that said condition is present while said container is stationary includes saving a time of occurrence of the change.

34. A method according to claim 33, wherein said transmitting of said wireless notification is carried out in response to receipt near said container of a wireless interrogation signal transmitted at a location remote from said container.

35. An apparatus comprising:

a container;

a first portion which monitors said container for a condition representative of unauthorized intrusion into the container;

a second position which determines whether said container is stationary; and

a third portion which is cooperable with said first and second portions, which responds to a determination that said condition is present while said container is stationary by transmitting a wireless notification of the presence of said condition, and which responds to a determination that said container is moving by ignoring whether said condition is present.

36. An apparatus according to claim 35, wherein said second portion includes a motion sensor which is supported on said container.

37. An apparatus according to claim 35, wherein first portion includes:

a transmitter which emits a wireless signal within said container; and

a receiver which detects said wireless signal at a location that is near said container and spaced from the location where said transmitter emits said wireless signal, and which evaluates whether a change occurs in characteristic of said detected wireless signal, said condition being present when said receiver detects said change in said characteristic.

38. An apparatus according to claim 37, wherein said characteristic is a signal strength of said wireless signal at the location where said receiver detects said wireless signals.

39. An apparatus according to claim 37,

wherein said receiver separately detects said wireless signal at each of spaced first and second locations external to said container;

and

wherein said characteristic is a phase difference between said wireless signal as detected at said first location and said wireless signal as detected at said second location.

40. An apparatus according to claim 37, wherein said receiver detects said wireless signal externally of said container.

41. An apparatus according to claim 35, wherein said third portion is responsive to detection of said condition promptly effecting said transmitting at said wireless notification.

42. An apparatus according to claim 35, wherein said third portion responds to a determination that said condition is present while said container is stationary by saving a time of occurrence of the change.

43. An apparatus according to claim 42, wherein said third portion effects said transmitting of said wireless notification in response to receipt near said container of a wireless interrogation signal transmitted at a location remote from said container.

44. An apparatus comprising:

a container having a door supported for movement to and from a closed position;

a first portion which monitors whether said door of said container is in said closed position; and

a second portion which is cooperable with said first portion and which can emit a wireless signal indicating whether said container door is in said closed position;

wherein said first portion carries out said monitoring of said door from within said container, and includes a detector that is supported on said door; and

wherein said second portion is supported on said door and effects said emission of said wireless signal at a location external to said container.

45. An apparatus according to claim 44, wherein said first portion includes a magnetic field generator supported on said container, and wherein said detector is a magnetic field detector, said second portion being responsive to said magnetic field detector, and said magnetic field detector respectively experiencing first and second levels of magnetic flux which are different when said door is respectively in said closed position and spaced from said closed position.

46. An apparatus according to claim 45,

wherein said magnetic field generator includes a permanent magnet;

wherein said magnetic field detector is supported on an inner side of said door and has an electrical output;

and wherein said second portion includes a transmitter supported on an outer side of said door and electrically coupled to said electrical output of said magnetic field detector.

47. An apparatus according to claim 44, including a security device which effects locking of said container door in said closed position, which can detect unauthorized tampering with said security device, and which can emit a further wireless signal indicating whether unauthorized tampering with said security device has been detected.

48. A method comprising:

emitting a wireless signal within a container;

detecting said wireless signal at each of spaced first and second locations in the region of said container;

monitoring said detected wireless signal for a change in a characteristic thereof, said characteristic being a phase difference between said wireless signal as detected at said first location and said wireless signal as detected at said second location; and

responding to detection of a change in said characteristic of said detected wireless signal by transmitting a wireless notification of the occurrence of the change to a location remote from said container.

49. A method according to claim 48, wherein said transmitting of said wireless notification is carried out promptly after detection of the change.

50. A method according to claim 48, wherein said responding includes saving a time of occurrence of the change.

51. A method according to claim 50, wherein said transmitting of said wireless notification is carried out in response to receipt in the region of said container of a wireless interrogation signal transmitted at a location remote from said container.

52. A method according to claim 48, wherein said detecting is carried out externally of said container.

53. A method according to claim 48, wherein said detecting includes processing of said wireless signal using an adaptive technique.

54. A method according to claim 48,

wherein said wireless signal emitted within said container contains a unique identification code;

and

wherein said monitoring is carried out using only detected wireless signals that include said unique identification code.

55. A method according to claim 48, wherein said monitoring is carried out by monitoring said detected wireless signal for a change in said characteristic that is caused by a circumstance other than a change in said wireless signal as transmitted.

56. An apparatus comprising:

a container;

a first transmitter which is supported on said container and emits a wireless signal within said container;

a receiver having first and second portions that are respectively supported on said container at spaced first and second locations and that respectively detect said wireless signal at said first and second locations, said receiver monitoring said detected wireless signal for a change in a characteristic thereof, said characteristic being a phase difference between said wireless signal as detected at said first location and said wireless signal as detected at said second location; and

a second transmitter which responds to detection by said receiver of a change in said characteristic of said detected wireless signal by transmitting a wireless notification of the occurrence of the change to a location remote from said container.

57. An apparatus according to claim 56, wherein said second transmitter transmits said wireless notification promptly after detection of a change in said characteristic.

58. An apparatus according to claim 56, wherein said receiver responds to detection of a change in said characteristic by saving a time of occurrence of the change.

59. An apparatus according to claim 58,

including at a location remote from said container a part which can transmit a wireless interrogation signal;

wherein said receiver can receive said wireless interrogation signal; and

wherein said second transmitter transmits said wireless notification in response to receipt by said receiver of said wireless interrogation signal.

60. An apparatus according to claim 56, wherein said first and second locations are each external to said container.

61. An apparatus according to claim 56, wherein amid receiver processes said wireless signal using an adaptive technique.

62. An apparatus according to claim 56,

wherein said first transmitter inserts a unique identification code into the wireless signal that it emits within said container;

and

wherein said receiver effects said monitoring using only detected wireless signals that include said unique identification code.

63. An apparatus according to claim 56, wherein said receiver carries out said monitoring in manner that includes monitoring said detected wireless signal for a change in said characteristic that is caused by a circumstance other than a change in said wireless signal as transmitted.

64. A method comprising:

emitting a wireless signal within a container, said wireless signal containing a unique identification code;

detecting said wireless signal in the region of said container;

monitoring said detected wireless signal for a change in a characteristic thereof, said monitoring being carried out using only detected wireless signals that include said unique identification code; and

responding to detection of a change in said characteristic of said detected wireless signal by transmitting a wireless notification of the occurrence of the change to a location remote from said container.

65. A method according to claim 64, wherein said transmitting of said wireless notification is carried out promptly after detection of the change.

66. A method according to claim 64, wherein said responding includes saving a time of occurrence of the change.

67. A method according to claim 66, wherein said transmitting of said wireless notification is carried out in response to receipt in the region of said container of a wireless interrogation signal transmitted at a location remote from said container.

68. A method according to claim 64, wherein said detecting is carried out externally of said container.

69. A method according to claim 64, wherein said detecting includes processing of said wireless signal using an adaptive technique.

70. A method according to claim 64, wherein said characteristic is a signal strength of said wireless signal at a location where said detecting of said wireless signals takes place.

71. A method according to claim 70, wherein said monitoring includes determining whether said signal strength has increased from a value below a selected threshold to a value above said threshold.

72. A method according to claim 64,

wherein said detecting is carried out at each of spaced first and second locations external to said container;

and

wherein said characteristic is a phase difference between said wireless signal as detected at said first location and said wireless signal as detected at said second location.

73. A method according to claim 64, wherein said monitoring is carried out by monitoring said detected wireless signal for a change in said characteristic that is caused by a circumstance other than a change in said wireless signal as transmitted.

74. An apparatus comprising:

a container;

a first transmitter which is supported on said container and emits a wireless signal within said container, said wireless signal containing a unique identification code;

a receiver which is supported on said container, which detects said wireless signal, and which monitors said detected wireless signal for a change in a characteristic thereof, said monitoring being carried out using only detected wireless signals that include said unique identification code; and

a second transmitter which responds to detection by said receiver of a change in said characteristic of said detected wireless signal by transmitting a wireless notification of the occurrence of the change to a location remote from said container.

75. An apparatus according to claim 74, wherein said second transmitter transmits said wireless notification promptly after detection of a change in said characteristic.

76. An apparatus according to claim 74, wherein said receiver responds to detection of a change in said characteristic by saving a time of occurrence of the change.

77. An apparatus according to claim 76,

including at a location remote from said container a part which can transmit a wireless interrogation signal;

wherein said receiver can receive said wireless interrogation signal; and

wherein said second transmitter transmits said wireless notification in response to receipt by said receiver of said wireless interrogation signal.

78. An apparatus according to claim 74, wherein said receiver receives said wireless signal at a location external to said container.

79. An apparatus according to claim 74, wherein said receiver processes said wireless signal using an adaptive technique.

80. An apparatus according to claim 74, wherein said characteristic is a signal strength of said wireless signal, as measured at a location where said detecting of said wireless signals takes place.

81. An apparatus according to claim 80, wherein said receiver effects said monitoring by evaluating whether said signal strength has increased from a value below a selected threshold to a value above said threshold.

82. An apparatus according to claim 74,

wherein said receiver includes first and second portions which are respectively disposed at spaced first and second locations external to said container, and which respectively detect said wireless signal at said first and second locations;

and

wherein said characteristic is a phase difference between said wireless signal as detected at said first location and said wireless signal as detected at said second location.

83. An apparatus according to claim 74, wherein said receiver carries out said monitoring in a manner that includes monitoring said detected wireless signal for a change in said characteristic that is caused by a circumstance other than a change in said wireless signal as transmitted.