Filtering of control parameters in quality and rate control for digital audio

• US 7,260,525 B2
• Filed: 02/24/2005
• Issued: 08/21/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 12/14/2001
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Corporation
• Inventors: Lee, Ming-Chieh, Thumpudi, Naveen, Chen, Wei-Ge
• Primary Examiner(s): Storm; Donald L.
• Application Number:
  US11/066,897
• Publication Number:
  US 20050143990A1
• Time in Patent Office: 908 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 704/223
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/002 Dynamic bit allocation for perceptual audio coders G10L19/032
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/24 Variable rate codecs, e.g. for generating different qualities using a scalable representation such as hierarchical encoding or layered encoding

Abstract

An audio encoder regulates quality and bitrate with a control strategy. The strategy includes several features. First, an encoder regulates quantization using quality, minimum bit count, and maximum bit count parameters. Second, an encoder regulates quantization using a noise measure that indicates reliability of a complexity measure. Third, an encoder normalizes a control parameter value according to block size for a variable-size block. Fourth, an encoder uses a bit-count control loop de-linked from a quality control loop. Fifth, an encoder addresses non-monotonicity of quality measurement as a function of quantization level when selecting a quantization level. Sixth, an encoder uses particular interpolation rules to find a quantization level in a quality or bit-count control loop. Seventh, an encoder filters a control parameter value to smooth quality. Eighth, an encoder corrects model bias by adjusting a control parameter value in view of current buffer fullness.

Claims

1. A computer-readable storage medium encoded with computer-executable instructions for causing a computer programmed thereby to perform a method comprising:

computing a value of a control parameter;

filtering the value as part of a sequence of previously computed values of the control parameter; and

estimating complexity of a current block of audio information, wherein the filtered value of the control parameter affects the estimating and thereby regulates at least in part quantization of the current block of audio information.

2. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1 wherein the control parameter maps a composite strength estimate to a complexity estimate.

3. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1 wherein the control parameter is a complexity estimate for one or more past blocks of audio information.

4. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1 wherein the control parameter is a complexity estimate noise measure.

5. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1 wherein the filtering comprises lowpass filtering.

6. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 5 further comprising:

adjusting bandwidth of the lowpass filtering to regulate smoothness of quality changes between blocks of audio information.

7. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 6 wherein the adjusting is based at least in part upon current buffer fullness.

8. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 6 wherein the adjusting is based at least in part upon encoder settings.

9. An audio encoder comprising:

means for computing a value of a control parameter for audio information;

a filter for lowpass filtering the value as part of a sequence of previously computed values for the control parameter;

means for setting a target quality parameter based at least in part on the filtered value of the control parameter; and

a quantizer for quantizing the audio information, wherein the filtered value of the control parameter at least in part regulates the quantizer.

10. The encoder of claim 9 wherein the audio information is a block of frequency coefficients, the encoder further comprising:

a frequency transformer for transforming a time domain block of audio samples into the block of frequency coefficients.

11. The encoder of claim 9 wherein the control parameter maps a composite strength estimate to a complexity estimate.

12. The encoder of claim 9 wherein the control parameter is a complexity estimate.

13. The encoder of claim 9 wherein the control parameter is a complexity estimate noise measure.

14. The encoder of claim 9 wherein the filter has a bandwidth, and wherein the encoder adjusts the bandwidth to regulate smoothness of quality changes.

15. The encoder of claim 14 further comprising:

a virtual buffer, wherein the bandwidth is based at least in part upon current fullness of the virtual buffer.

16. A method comprising:

computing a value of a control parameter;

filtering the value as part of a sequence of previously computed values of the control parameter; and

setting a target quality parameter for a current block of audio information, wherein the filtered value of the control parameter affects the setting of the target quality parameter and thereby regulates at least in part quantization of the current block of audio information.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the filtering comprises lowpass filtering.

18. The method of claim 17 further comprising:

adjusting bandwidth of the lowpass filtering to regulate smoothness of quality changes between blocks of audio information.

19. The method of claim 16 wherein the control parameter is a complexity estimate for one or more past blocks of audio information.

20. The method of claim 16 wherein the control parameter is a complexity estimate noise measure.