Methods and apparatus for transmitting media programs

• US 7,260,601 B1
• Filed: 06/28/2002
• Issued: 08/21/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 06/28/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Inventors: Day, Mark Stuart, O'Toole, James W. Jr.
• Primary Examiner(s): Maung; Zarni
• Assistant Examiner(s): MADAMBA, GLENFORD J
• Application Number:
  US10/185,589
• Time in Patent Office: 1,880 Days
• Field of Search: 709/203, 370/236
• US Class Current: 709/203
• CPC Class Codes: H04H 20/42 Arrangements for resource management
• CPC Class Codes: H04H 60/31 Arrangements for monitoring the use made of the broadcast services
• CPC Class Codes: H04H 60/41 for identifying broadcast space, i.e. broadcast channels, broadcast stations or broadcast areas
• CPC Class Codes: H04H 60/66 for using the result on distributors' side
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/1886 with traffic restrictions for efficiency improvement, e.g. involving subnets or subdomains
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/18 Multiprotocol handlers, e.g. single devices capable of handling multiple protocols

Abstract

A system transmits a plurality of media programs in a network. In one embodiment of the invention, a media program distribution system determines a first resource attribute of a first media program and a second resource attribute of a second media program. The distribution system compares the first resource attribute with the second resource attribute to determine a relative value. In turn, the media server assigns a first distribution resource to the first media program and a second distribution resource to the second media program in response to the relative value and applies one of a plurality of transmission modes to each media program in response to the resource attribute and distribution resource type. Examples of distribution resources include unicast, multicast and broadcast channels. Examples of transmission modes include various protocols such as error checking protocols and encoding mechanisms such as codecs.

Claims

1. A method for transmitting a plurality of media programs in a network, comprising the steps of:

determining a first audience size of a first media program and a second audience size of a second media program;

comparing said first audience size with said second audience size to determine a relative value;

assigning a first distribution resource to said first media program and a second distribution resource to said second media program in response to said relative value, whereby assignment of distribution resources is made based on relative audience size;

applying one of a plurality of transmission modes to each said media program in response to the audience size and assigned distribution resource;

wherein said first media program and said second media program each have at least one recipient and said determining step further comprises the steps of;

receiving a media program request from each said recipient,

determining said first audience size based upon a number of requests received for said first media program, and

determining said second audience size based upon a number of requests received for said second media program, the second media program distinct from the first media program, and

wherein said first distribution resource is a high distribution volume channel and said second distribution resource is a low distribution volume channel such that said relative value indicates a distribution requirement and said assigning step further comprises assigning said high distribution volume channel to the media program having the greater distribution requirement;

wherein applying one of the plurality of transmission modes to each said media program in response to the audience size and assigned distribution resource comprises;

applying to the media program assigned to the high distribution volume channel and having a larger audience size of one of the first audience size and the second audience size, a negative acknowledgement based correction mode when the high distribution volume channel comprises a broadband channel; and

applying, to the media program assigned to the low distribution volume channel and having a smaller audience size of one of the first audience size and the second audience size, an acknowledgement based correction mode when the low distribution volume channel comprises a unicast channel.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein said media programs are delivered to a plurality of recipients, the method further comprising the steps of:

providing a control connection to each recipient; and

detecting said audience sizes over said control connections.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein said determining step further comprises obtaining stored attribute data associated with each media program.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein said first audience size and said second audience size fluctuate over time, further comprising the steps of:

monitoring said relative value; and

when said relative value changes, reassigning said low distribution volume channel to the media program having the smaller audience and said high distribution volume channel to the media program having the larger audience.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein said monitoring step is performed periodically.

6. The method of claim 4 wherein said monitoring step is performed at each media program recipient request.

7. The method of claim 4 wherein said monitoring step further comprises the steps of:

providing an attribute table for storing media programs and associated audience sizes;

updating said stored audience sizes;

comparing said stored audience sizes; and

ranking said stored audience sizes to determine distribution requirements.

8. The method of claim 4 further comprises the step of:

providing a control channel to each media program recipient; and

sending to said first and said second media program recipients over said control channels, notification of distribution resource reassignments.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of applying one of the plurality of transmission modes to each said media program comprises the steps of:

providing a transmission mode table wherein each transmission mode has an associated audience size value;

comparing a detected audience size to audience size values in said transmission mode table;

identifying at least one transmission mode having an associated audience size substantially matching said detected audience size; and

selecting one said identified transmission modes to be applied to said media program.

21. The method of claim 1 further comprising transmitting the first media program via the first distribution resource and transmitting the second media program via the second distribution resource.

22. The method of claim 1, wherein said first distribution resource is a broadcast channel and said second distribution resource is a unicast channel such that said relative value indicates a larger audience size of one of the first audience size and the second audience size and said assigning step further comprises assigning said broadcast channel to the media program having the larger audience size and assigning said unicast channel to the media program having a smaller audience size, relative to the media program having the larger audience size.

23. The method of claim 1, wherein said first distribution resource is a multicast channel and said second distribution resource is a unicast channel such that said relative value indicates a larger audience size of one of the first audience size and the second audience size and said assigning step further comprises assigning said multicast channel to the media program having the larger audience size and assigning said unicast channel to the media program having a smaller audience size, relative to the media program having the larger audience size.

24. The method of claim 1, wherein:

applying to the media program assigned to the high distribution volume channel and having the larger audience size of one of the first audience size and the second audience size, the negative acknowledgement based correction mode when the high distribution volume channel comprises the broadband channel comprises applying to the media program assigned to the high distribution volume channel and having the larger audience size of one of the first audience size and the second audience size, a negative acknowledgement (NAK) protocol, the NAK protocol operable to indicate receipt of a corrupt block of the media program by the recipient; and

applying, to the media program assigned to the low distribution volume channel and having the smaller audience size of one of the first audience size and the second audience size, the acknowledgement based correction mode when the low distribution volume channel comprises a unicast channel comprises applying, to the media program assigned to the low distribution volume channel and having the smaller audience size of one of the first audience size and the second audience size, an acknowledgement (ACK) based protocol, the ACK based protocol operable to indicate receipt of an error-free block of the media program by the recipient and the ability for the recipient to accept additional blocks of the media program.

10. A media program distribution system, for transmitting a plurality of media programs in a network, comprising:

a media server for transmitting one of said media programs;

a controller coupled to the media server;

wherein the controller is configured to determine a first audience size of a first media program and a second audience size of a second media program;

the controller is configured to compare said first audience size with said second audience size to determine a relative value;

the media server is configured to assign a first distribution resource to said first media program and a second distribution resource to said second media program in response to said relative value, whereby assignment of distribution resources is made based on relative audience size;

the media server is configured to apply one of a plurality of transmission modes to each said media program in response to the audience size and distribution resource type;

wherein said first media program and said second media program each have at least one recipient and wherein, in order to perform said determining, said controller is configured to;

receive a media program request from each said recipient,

determine said first audience size based upon a number of requests received for said first media program, and

determine said second audience size based upon a number of requests received for said second media program, the second media program distinct from the first media program; and

wherein said first distribution resource is a high distribution volume channel and said second distribution resource is a low distribution volume channel such that said relative value indicates a distribution requirement and, in order to perform said assigning, the media server is configured to assign said high distribution volume channel to the media program having the greater distribution requirement;

wherein when applying one of the plurality of transmission modes to each said media program in response to the audience size and distribution resource type the media server is configured to;

apply to the media program assigned to the high distribution volume channel and having a larger audience size of one of the first audience size and the second audience size, a negative acknowledgement based correction mode when the high distribution volume channel comprises a broadband channel; and

apply, to the media program assigned to the low distribution volume channel and having a smaller audience size of one of the first audience size and the second audience size, an acknowledgement based correction mode when the low distribution volume channel comprises a unicast channel.

11. The system of claim 10 wherein said media programs are delivered to a plurality of recipients, and wherein said system is further configured to:

provide a control connection to each recipient; and

detect said audience sizes over said control connections.

12. The system of claim 10 wherein, to perform said determining, the controller is configured to read stored attribute data associated with each media program.

13. The system of claim 10 wherein said first audience size and said second audience size fluctuate over time, and said controller is further configured to:

monitor said relative value; and

when said relative value changes, reassign said low distribution volume channel to the media program having the smaller audience and said high distribution volume channel to the media program having the larger audience.

14. The system of claim 13 wherein said controller is configured to perform said monitoring periodically.

15. The system of claim 13 wherein said controller is configured to perform said monitoring at each media program recipient request.

16. The system of claim 13 wherein, to perform said monitoring, said controller is configured to:

provide an attribute table for storing media programs and associated audience sizes;

update said stored audience sizes;

compare said stored audience sizes; and

rank said stored audience sizes to determine distribution requirements.

17. The system of claim 13 wherein the media server is further configured to:

provide a control channel to each media program recipient; and

send to said first and said second media program recipients over said control channels, notification of distribution resource reassignments.

18. The system of claim 10 wherein, to perform said applying one of the plurality of transmission modes to each said media program, the controller is configured to:

provide a transmission mode table wherein each transmission mode has an associated audience size value;

compare a detected audience size to audience size values in said transmission mode table;

identify at least one transmission mode having an associated attribute value substantially matching said detected audience size; and

select one said identified transmission modes to be applied to said media program.

25. The method of claim 10 wherein:

providing a control channel to each recipient comprises providing a unicast control channel to each recipient;

in response to reassigning the low distribution volume channel to the media program having the smaller audience and the high distribution volume channel to the media program having the larger audience, maintaining the unicast control channel with each recipient; and

sending to said first and said second media program recipients over said control channels, notification of distribution resource reassignments further comprises sending to said first and said second media program recipients over the unicast control channels control signals that configured to cause the recipients to initiate an action that allows the recipients to receive a media program transmitted via the reassigned channel.

19. A computer program product that includes a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon for transmitting a plurality of media programs, such that the instructions, when carried out by a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps of:

determining a first audience size of a first media program and a second audience size of a second media program;

comparing said first audience size with said second audience size to determine a relative value;

assigning a first distribution resource to said first media program and a second distribution resource to said second media program in response to said relative value, whereby assignment of distribution resources is made based on relative audience size;

applying one of the plurality of transmission modes to each said media program in response to the resource attribute and distribution resource type;

wherein said first media program and said second media program each have at least one recipient and said determining step further comprises the steps of;

receiving a media program request from each said recipient,

determining said first audience size based upon a number of requests received for said first media program, and

determining said second audience size based upon a number of requests received for said second media program, the second media program distinct from the first media program; and

wherein said first distribution resource is a high distribution volume channel and said second distribution resource is a low distribution volume channel such that said relative value indicates a distribution requirement and said assigning step further comprises assigning said high distribution volume channel to the media program having the greater distribution requirement;

wherein applying one of the plurality of transmission modes to each said media program in response to the audience size and assigned distribution resource comprises;

applying to the media program assigned to the high distribution volume channel and having a larger audience size of one of the first audience size and the second audience size, a negative acknowledgement based correction mode when the high distribution volume channel comprises a broadband channel; and

applying, to the media program assigned to the low distribution volume channel and having a smaller audience size of one of the first audience size and the second audience size, an acknowledgement based correction mode when the low distribution volume channel comprises a unicast channel.

20. A system having diverse distribution resources and a plurality of transmission modes to transmit a plurality of media programs in a network, comprising:

means for comparing said first audience size with said second audience size to determine a relative value;

means for assigning a first distribution resource to said first media program and a second distribution resource to said second media program in response to said relative value, whereby assignment of distribution resources is made based on relative audience size;

means for applying one of the plurality of transmission modes to each said media program in response to the resource attribute and distribution resource type;

wherein said first media program and said second media program each have at least one recipient and further comprising;

means for receiving a media program request from each said recipient,

means for determining said first audience size based upon a number of requests received for said first media program, and

means for determining said second audience size based upon a number of requests received for said second media program, the second media program distinct from the first media program; and

wherein said first distribution resource is a high distribution volume channel and said second distribution resource is a low distribution volume channel such that said relative value indicates a distribution requirement and said means for assigning further comprises means for assigning said high distribution volume channel to the media program having the greater distribution requirement;

wherein means for applying one of a plurality of transmission modes to each said media program in response to the audience size and assigned distribution resource comprises;

means for applying to the media program assigned to the high distribution volume channel and having a larger audience size of one of the first audience size and the second audience size, a negative acknowledgement based correction mode when the high distribution volume channel comprises a broadband channel; and

means for applying, to the media program assigned to the low distribution volume channel and having a smaller audience size of one of the first audience size and the second audience size, an acknowledgement based correction mode when the low distribution volume channel comprises a unicast channel.