Fast dynamic measurement of bandwidth in a TCP network environment

• US 7,266,613 B1
• Filed: 08/09/2000
• Issued: 09/04/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 08/09/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Corporation
• Inventors: Klemets, Anders E., del Val, David, Brown, Thomas B.
• Primary Examiner(s): Salad; Abdullahi
• Assistant Examiner(s): EL CHANTI, HUSSEIN A
• Application Number:
  US09/635,988
• Time in Patent Office: 2,582 Days
• Field of Search: 709231-237, 709/223, 709/228, 709/238, 370/230, 370/230.1
• US Class Current: 709/235
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0896 Bandwidth or capacity management, i.e. automatically increasing or decreasing capacities flow or congestion control using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation, H04L47/76
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0852 Delays
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/087 Jitter
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0888 Throughput
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/16 Threshold monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/50 Testing arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/10 Flow control; Congestion control
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/193 at the transport layer, e.g. TCP related
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/26 using explicit feedback to the source, e.g. choke packets
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/28 in relation to timing considerations
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/65 Network streaming protocols, e.g. real-time transport protocol [RTP] or real-time control protocol [RTCP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/80 Responding to QoS
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/16 Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/163 In-band adaptation of TCP data exchange; In-band control procedures

Abstract

The fast dynamic measurement of bandwidth in a TCP network environment utilizes a single pair of packets to calculate bandwidth between two entities on a network (such as the Internet). This calculation is based upon the packet-pair technique. This bandwidth measurement is extremely quick. On its journey across a network, communication devices may delay the packet pairs. In particular, TCP networks have two algorithms designed to delay some packets with the goal of increasing the overall throughput of the network. However, these algorithms effectively delay a packet pair designed to measure bandwidth. Therefore, they distort the measurement. These algorithms are Nagle and Slow Start. The fast dynamic measurement of bandwidth implements countermeasures to overcome the delays imposed by these algorithms. Such countermeasures include disabling the application of the Nagle Algorithm; minimizing the buffering of packets by sending a “push” packet right after the packet pair; and avoiding the Slow Start Algorithm by priming it with a dummy packet.

Claims

1. A method for facilitating communication of packets between entities on a network through a communication device, the method comprising:

sending a pair of packets from a sending entity to a receiving entity;

sending at least one “

push”

packet after sending said pair of packets to avert a transmission delay between packets in the pair, wherein the size of the “

push”

packet is selected by the sending entity, in view of a Nagle Algorithm that is implemented by the communication device, to be specifically configured to force the transmission of the pair of packets by the communication device to avoid the transmission delay caused by packet buffering by the communication device on the network.

2. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the pair of packets includes two packets sent back-to-back.

3. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the pair of packets are bandwidth-measurement packets for measuring bandwidth between the sending entity and the receiving entity.

4. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the communication device is a proxy server.

5. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the network is TCP.

6. A program module having computer-executable instructions stored on a computer storage medium that, when executed by a computer, performs the method as recited in claim 1 at an application layer in accordance with an OSI model.

7. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the “

push”

packet is sent from the sending entity.

8. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the communication comprises a device other than the sending entity or the receiving entity.

9. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the packet buffering causing the transmission delay is characterized by a buffering action where one or more of the set of packets are buffered into a packet buffer, wherein the transmission delay is a result of the packet buffering.

10. A system for facilitating bandwidth measurement between two entities on a network through a communication device, the method comprising:

means for sending a pair of bandwidth-measurement packets from a sending entity to a receiving entity;

means for sending, thereafter, at least one “

push”

packet to avert a transmission delay between packets in the pair, wherein the size of the “

push”

packet is selected by the sending entity, in view of a Nagle Algorithm that is implemented by a proxy device, to be specifically configured to force the transmission of the pair of packets by the proxy device to avoid the transmission delay caused by packet buffering by the proxy device on the network.

11. A system as recited in claim 10 further comprising means for receiving a bandwidth calculation based upon measurements related to the pair of packets.

12. A system as recited in claim 10, wherein the “

push”

packet is sent from the sending entity.

13. A system as recited in claim 10, wherein the communication device comprises a device other than the sending entity or the receiving entity.

14. A system as recited in claim 10, wherein the packet buffering causing the transmission delay is characterized by a buffering action where one or more of the pair of packets are buffered into a packet buffer, wherein the transmission delay is a result of the packet buffering.

15. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a computer, perform a method to facilitate communication of packets between entities on a network through a communication device, the method comprising:

sending a pair of packets from a sending entity to a receiving entity;

sending at least one “

push”

packet to avert a transmission delay between packets in the pair, wherein the size of the “

push”

packet is selected by the sending entity, in view of a Nagle Algorithm that is implemented by the communication device, to be specifically configured to force the transmission of the pair of packets by the communication device to avoid the transmission delay caused by packet buffering by the communication device on the network.

16. An apparatus comprising:

a processor;

a transmission-delay avoider executable on the processor to;

send a pair of packets from a sending entity to a receiving entity through a communication device;

send at least one “

push”

packet thereafter to avert a transmission delay between packets in the pair, wherein the size of the “

push”

packet is selected by the sending entity, in view of a Nagle Algorithm that is implemented by the communication device, to be specifically configured to force the transmission of the pair of packets by the communication device to avoid the transmission delay caused by packet buffering by the communication device on the network.