Programmable multiplexed active biologic array
First Claim
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1. A digitally programmable array-based electronic chip for carrying out biological reactions in response to electrical stimuli, comprising:
- an array of electrode sites, each electrode site including a sample-and-hold circuit coupled to a working electrode;
a plurality of switches for selectively coupling the working electrodes to the output of a digital-to-analog converter (DAC);
a control logic module coupled to the DAC and the plurality of switches;
a measurement circuit comprising one or more electrical output pathways for selectively coupling the array of electrode sites to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), the ADC coupled to the control logic module;
a current measurement circuit, the current measurement circuit comprising a first selectable connection to the sample-and-hold circuit, a series connected resistor and a second selectable connection to the sample-and-hold circuit, the current measurement circuit operating in a current measurement mode when the first and second selectable connections are closed and in a high impedance mode when the first and second selectable connections are open; and
an external processor that digitally interfaces with the control logic module, wherein the communication between the control logic and the external processor includes a clock signal, a data in signal, and a data out signal.
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Abstract
The present invention is directed to devices and methods for carrying out and/or monitoring biological reactions in response to electrical stimuli. A programmable multiplexed active biologic array includes an array of electrodes coupled to sample-and-hold circuits. The programmable multiplexed active biologic array includes a digital interface that allows external control of the array using an external processor. The circuit may monitor, digitally control, and deliver electrical stimuli to the electrodes individually or in selected groups.
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Citations
22 Claims
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1. A digitally programmable array-based electronic chip for carrying out biological reactions in response to electrical stimuli, comprising:
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an array of electrode sites, each electrode site including a sample-and-hold circuit coupled to a working electrode; a plurality of switches for selectively coupling the working electrodes to the output of a digital-to-analog converter (DAC); a control logic module coupled to the DAC and the plurality of switches; a measurement circuit comprising one or more electrical output pathways for selectively coupling the array of electrode sites to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), the ADC coupled to the control logic module; a current measurement circuit, the current measurement circuit comprising a first selectable connection to the sample-and-hold circuit, a series connected resistor and a second selectable connection to the sample-and-hold circuit, the current measurement circuit operating in a current measurement mode when the first and second selectable connections are closed and in a high impedance mode when the first and second selectable connections are open; and an external processor that digitally interfaces with the control logic module, wherein the communication between the control logic and the external processor includes a clock signal, a data in signal, and a data out signal. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 21, 22)
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9. A method for carrying out biological reactions in response to electrical stimuli applied to a plurality of electrodes, comprising the steps of:
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providing a chip having an array of electrode sites, each electrode site containing a sample-and-hold circuit coupled to a working electrode, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), a plurality of switches for selectively coupling the DAC to the working electrodes, and a control logic module coupled to the DAC and the plurality of switches;
providing an external processor that digitally interfaces with the chip;providing a measurement circuit comprising one or more electrical output pathways for selectively coupling the array of electrodes to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), the ADC coupled to the control logic module; providing a current measurement circuit, the current measurement circuit comprising a first selectable connection to the sample-and-hold circuit, a series connected resistor and a second selectable connection to the sample-and-hold circuit, the current measurement circuit operating in a current measurement mode when the first and second selectable connections are closed and in a high impedance mode when the first and second selectable connections are open; and driving the working electrodes in accordance with instructions contained in the external processor. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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Specification