Optical receiver decision threshold tuning apparatus and method

• US 7,269,347 B1
• Filed: 05/28/2003
• Issued: 09/11/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 05/28/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Ciena Corporation
• Original Assignee: Ciena Corporation
• Inventors: Barnard, Chris, Shah, Saurin, Dunbar, Anthony, Matricardi, Rocco
• Primary Examiner(s): Chan; Jason
• Assistant Examiner(s): Wang; Quan-Zhen
• Application Number:
  US10/445,800
• Time in Patent Office: 1,567 Days
• Field of Search: 398/202, 398/206, 398/209, 398/210, 398/24, 398/27, 398/154, 714/704, 714/799, 714/751, 375/225, 375/340, 385/11
• US Class Current: 398/24
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/66 Non-coherent receivers, e.g. using direct detection

Abstract

A method of controlling an optical signal receiver utilizes three control loops: a first control loop tunes the decision threshold of the receiver when the optical network is in a substantially steady state and a second control loop rapidly switches to a reference decision threshold upon the occurrence of an alarm condition. The invention rapidly switches to a predetermined reference decision threshold to compensate for optical signal changes in eye Q and received power after a protection switch or traffic reroute. After a protection switch, a slower tuning algorithm is used to adjust the decision threshold to a more optimum value. In the third control loop, the optical signal receiver may utilize a peak detector that detects the optical signal peak and a potentiometer that is commanded by a controller to output a commanded percentage of this peak value to adjust the threshold and thereby respond to transients.

Claims

1. A method of adjusting a decision threshold in an optical receiver having a photodetector converting an optical signal received from an optical network to an electrical input data signal and a comparator comparing the electrical input data signal to a decision threshold to provide a binary output data signal, the method comprising:

detecting a peak value of an optical signal received from an optical network with a peak detector operatively connected to a photodetector;

outputting a decision threshold to a comparator that is a commanded percentage of the peak value, wherein the outputting step is performed by an EEPOT operatively connected to said peak detector, a controller, and said comparator;

commanding said EEPOT with a percentage value to tune the decision threshold and switch the decision threshold to a predetermined reference value, wherein said commanding step is performed by said controller;

maintaining the decision threshold to be a fraction of the power of the optical signal, wherein the maintaining step is performed by said controller, and said controller is operatively connected to said comparator; and

switching the decision threshold from a current value to the predetermined reference value when the optical signal experiences an alarm condition; and

tuning the decision threshold with the controller according to an optimization control loop when the optical signal is in a substantially steady state condition.

2. The method of adjusting a decision threshold in an optical receiver according to claim 1, further comprising:

performance monitoring the electrical input data signal to detect a loss of signal condition, a loss of frame condition, or a signal degrade condition relative to the optical signal,

wherein the alarm condition is determined based on a result of said performance monitoring.

3. The method of adjusting a decision threshold in an optical receiver according to claim 1, wherein the optical network is a UPSR or BLSR network having a protection switch function that routes the optical signal over a different optical path to the optical receiver, the method further comprising:

detecting a protection switch condition relative to the optical signal,

wherein the alarm condition is determined according to said detecting step detecting the protection switch condition.

4. The method of adjusting a decision threshold in an optical receiver according to claim 1, wherein the optical network is an optical mesh network including optical switches capable of rerouting the optical, signal over a different optical path to the optical receiver, the method further comprising:

receiving a traffic reroute notification signal relative to the optical signal, wherein the alarm condition is determined according to said receiving step receiving the traffic reroute notification signal.

5. The method of adjusting a decision threshold in an optical receiver according to claim 1, further comprising:

returning to said tuning step when the alarm condition is no longer present.

6. The method of adjusting a decision threshold in an optical receiver according to claim 1, wherein the optimization control loop performed by said tuning step further comprises:

detecting errors in the optical signal and outputting error data indicating errors in the optical signal, and

tuning the decision threshold based on the error data.

7. The method of adjusting a decision threshold in an optical receiver according to claim 6, said detecting errors step detecting errors based on parity information included in the optical signal.

8. The method of adjusting a decision threshold in an optical receiver according to claim 6, said detecting errors step detecting errors based on SONET B1, B2, and/or B3 errors in the optical signal.

9. The method of adjusting a decision threshold in an optical receiver according to claim 1, further comprising:

detecting and correcting errors in the optical signal and outputting error data indicating corrected errors in the optical signal,

said tuning step tuning the decision threshold based on the error data.

10. The method of adjusting a decision threshold in an optical receiver according to claim 9,

said detecting and correcting errors step utilizing a forward error correction algorithm, wherein the error data indicating corrected errors includes a number of corrected “

1”

s and a number of corrected “

0”

s,

said tuning step tuning the decision threshold based on the number of corrected “

1”

s and a number of corrected “

0”

s.

11. The method of adjusting a decision threshold in an optical receiver according to claim 1, wherein said switching step is performed faster than said tuning step.

12. The method of adjusting a decision threshold in an optical receiver according to claim 1, further comprising:

storing a percentage value,

wherein the predetermined reference value is determined by taking a percentage of the peak value.

13. The method of adjusting a decision threshold in an optical receiver according to claim 1, further comprising:

storing a table relating percentage values to network configurations,

determining the type of network configuration transmitting the optical signal to the optical receiver;

using the stored table to determine a percentage value for the type of network configuration determined by said determining step;

wherein the predetermined reference value is determined by taking the percentage value of the peak value.

14. The method of adjusting a decision threshold in an optical receiver according to claim 1, further comprising:

scanning a range of decision thresholds when and until the error data indicates that a number of uncorrectable blocks exceeds a error threshold value in order to determine a range of acceptable decision threshold values,

said tuning step tuning the decision threshold based on the error data within the range of acceptable decision threshold values.

15. A control method for controlling the decision threshold of an optical receiver connected to an optical network, comprising:

a first control loop for tuning a decision threshold when a condition of an optical network is in a substantially steady-state, wherein the first control loop is performed by a performance monitor, a microprocessor, an EEPOT, a peak detector, and a comparator, and wherein the first control loop utilizes data from the performance monitor to calculate a percentage amount value utilized by the EEPOT to adjust the decision threshold;

a second control loop for switching the decision threshold to a predetermined reference value in response to the condition of the optical network experiencing a transient condition, wherein the second control loop is performed by the performance monitor, the microprocessor, the EEPOT, the peak detector, and the comparator, and wherein the second control loop utilizes the transient condition to switch the percentage amount value utilized by the EEPOT to suddenly adjust the decision threshold to the predetermined reference value responsive to the transient condition; and

a third control loop for maintaining the decision threshold to be a fraction of the input optical signal power, wherein the third control loop is performed by the peak detector, the EEPOT, and the comparator, and wherein the third control loop utilizes a fixed percentage amount in the EEPOT to keep the decision threshold at the fraction of the input optical signal power in order to respond to large transients,

wherein the first control loop is performed utilizing a software-based control algorithm and wherein the second and third control loops are performed utilizing hardware-based control algorithms.

16. The control method for controlling the decision threshold of an optical receiver according to claim 15, wherein the second control loop operates on a time scale that is shorter than a time scale of said first control loop.

17. The control method for controlling the decision threshold of an optical receiver according to claim 15, wherein the third control loop operates on a time scale that is shorter than a time scale of said second control loop.

18. An optical signal receiver, comprising:

a photodetector optically coupled to a fiber optic network;

said photodetector converting an optical signal received from the fiber optic network to an electrical input data signal;

a comparator operatively coupled to said photodetector and to a decision threshold input port;

said comparator comparing the electrical input data signal to a decision threshold to provide a binary output data signal; and

a controller operatively connected to said comparator,

a peak detector operatively connected to said photodetector, said peak detector detecting a peak value of the optical signal received from the optical network,

an EEPOT operatively connected to said peak detector, said controller, and said comparator, said EEPOT outputting the decision threshold to the comparator that is a commanded percentage of the peak value;

said controller commanding said EEPOT with a percentage value to tune the decision threshold and switch the decision threshold to a predetermined reference value,

said controller maintaining the decision threshold to be a fraction of the power of the optical signal,

said controller switching the decision threshold from a current value to the predetermined reference value when the optical signal experiences an alarm condition, and

said controller tuning the decision threshold according to an optimization control loop when the optical signal is in a substantially steady state condition.

19. The optical signal receiver according to claim 18, further comprising:

a performance monitor operatively connected to said comparator, said performance monitor detecting a loss of signal condition, a loss of frame condition, or a signal degrade condition relative to the optical signal,

wherein the alarm condition is determined according to said performance monitor detecting the loss of signal condition, the loss of frame condition, or the signal degrade condition.

20. The optical signal receiver according to claim 18, wherein the optical network is a UPSR (unidirectional path switched ring) or a BLSR (bidirectional line switched ring) network having a protection switch function that routes the optical signal over a different optical path to the optical receiver, the optical receiver further comprising:

a performance monitor operatively connected to said comparator, said performance monitor detecting a protection switch condition relative to the optical signal,

wherein the alarm condition is determined according to said performance monitor detecting the protection switch condition.

21. The optical signal receiver according to claim 18, wherein the optical network is an optical mesh network including optical switches capable of rerouting the optical signal over a different optical path to the optical receiver,

said controller including a port adapted to receive a traffic reroute notification signal,

wherein the alarm condition is determined according to said receiving step receiving the traffic reroute notification signal.

22. The optical signal receiver according to claim 18,

said controller tuning the decision threshold according to the optimization loop when the alarm condition is no longer present.

23. The optical signal receiver according to claim 18, further comprising:

a performance monitor operatively connected to said comparator, said performance monitor detecting errors in the digital output data signal and outputting error data indicating errors in the optical signal;

said controller tuning the decision threshold based on the error data as part of the optimization control loop.

24. The optical signal receiver according to claim 23, further comprising:

said performance monitor detecting errors based on parity information included in the optical signal.

25. The optical signal receiver according to claim 23, further comprising:

said performance monitor detecting errors based on SONET B1, B2, B3 errors in the electrical data signal.

26. The optical signal receiver according to claim 18,

said performance monitor detecting and correcting errors in the electrical data signal and outputting error data indicating corrected errors,

said controller tuning the decision threshold based on the error data.

27. The optical signal receiver according to claim 26,

said performance monitor utilizing a forward error correction algorithm, wherein the error data indicating corrected errors includes a number of corrected “

1”

s and a number of corrected “

0”

s,

said controller tuning the decision threshold based on the number of corrected ‘

T’

s and a number of corrected “

0”

s.

28. The optical signal receiver according to claim 18, further comprising:

a peak detector operatively connected to said photodetector, said peak detector detecting a peak value of the optical signal received from the optical network,

a multiplying DAC operatively connected to said peak detector, said controller, and

said comparator, said multiplying DAC outputting the decision threshold to the comparator that is a commanded percentage of the peak value;

said controller commanding said multiplying DAC with a percentage value to tune the decision threshold and switch the decision threshold to the predetermined reference value.

29. The optical signal receiver according to claim 18, further comprising:

a look-up table operatively connected to said controller;

said look-up table storing a table relating percentage values to network configurations,

said controller determining the configuration of the network transmitting the optical signal to the optical signal receiver;

said controller using said look-up table to determine a percentage value for the network configuration so determined;

said controller using the determined percentage value as the percentage value to switch the decision threshold to the predetermined reference value.

30. The optical signal receiver according to claim 18, wherein the network configuration includes optical transmitter type,

said controller determining the type of optical transmitter transmitting the optical signal to the optical signal receiver, said controller using said look-up table to determine the percentage value for the optical transmitter type so determined.