Applications processor including a database system, for use in a wireless location system

• US 7,271,765 B2
• Filed: 05/05/2005
• Issued: 09/18/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 01/08/1999
• Status: Expired

• Current Assignee: Skyhook Holding, Inc. (Liberty Broadband Corp.)
• Original Assignee: TruePosition Incorporated
• Inventors: Anderson, Robert J., Ward, Matthew L., Stilp, Louis A.
• Primary Examiner(s): PHAN, DAO LINDA
• Application Number:
  US11/122,735
• Publication Number:
  US 20050206566A1
• Time in Patent Office: 866 Days
• Field of Search: 342/450, 342/451, 342/457, 342/463, 455/456.1, 455/456.2, 455/456.3
• US Class Current: 342/457
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 1/026 of associated receivers
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 2205/006 for emergency situations
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 2205/008 using a mobile telephone network
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 2205/06 Emergency
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/021 Calibration, monitoring or correction G01S5/0252 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/0215 Interference
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/0218 Multipath in signal reception
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/02216 Timing or synchronisation of the receivers
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/0244 Accuracy or reliability of position solution or of measurements contributing thereto
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/0246 involving frequency difference of arrival or Doppler measurements G01S5/02685 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/02521 using a radio-map
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/0268 by deriving positions from different combinations of signals or of estimated positions in a single positioning system
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/0284 Relative positioning
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/06 Position of source determined by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements G01S5/12 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/90 Services for handling of emergency or hazardous situations, e.g. earthquake and tsunami warning systems [ETWS]
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 64/00 Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 76/50 for emergency connections
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 30/70 in wireless communication networks

Abstract

An Applications Processor (14) including a centralized database system is used in a wireless location system (WLS). The APs 14 may be used to manage resources in the WLS, including signal collection systems (SCSs 10) and TDOA location processors (TLPs 12). Each AP 14 contains a database containing triggers for the WLS. The WLS can be programmed to locate only certain pre-determined types of transmissions. When a transmission of a pre-determined type occurs, then the WLS is triggered to begin location processing. Each AP 14 also contains applications interfaces that permit a variety of applications to securely access the WLS. These applications may access location records in real time or non-real time, create or delete certain types of triggers, or cause the WLS to take other actions. Each AP 14 is also capable of certain post-processing functions.

Claims

1. A centralized database system operatively coupled to a wireless location system including one or more location processors, wherein the wireless location system communicates with a wireless communications system over an interface including a standard secure protocol, the centralized database system comprising:

a computer;

a database; and

a plurality of software processes for use in managing the wireless location system, providing interfaces to external users and applications, and storing location records and configuration information;

wherein the wireless location system supports command/response and informational messages communicated over said interface, wherein the messages aid in the detection, demodulation and triggering of wireless transmissions, and in passing location records to the wireless communications system.

2. A centralized database system as recited in claim 1, wherein the database comprises a relational database management system (RDBMS).

3. A centralized database system as recited in claim 1, wherein the centralized database system operates on both a real time basis to store and forward location records and a non-real time basis to post-process location records and provide access and reporting.

4. A centralized database system as recited in claim 1, wherein the software processes include a Performance Guardian process that starts, stops, and monitors other processes.

5. A centralized database system as recited in claim 4, wherein the Performance Guardian process receives configuration update commands from an operations console, and upon receiving a configuration update command from an operations console, updates the database and notifies other processes of the change.

6. A centralized database system as recited in claim 1, wherein the software processes include a Dispatcher process that receives location records from the location processors and forwards the location records to other processes.

7. A centralized database system as recited in claim 6, wherein the Dispatcher process includes a separate thread for each physical location processor configured in the wireless location system, and each thread receives location records from its corresponding location processor.

8. A centralized database system as recited in claim 6, wherein the Dispatcher process forwards location records to multiple processes.

9. A centralized database system as recited in claim 1, wherein the centralized database system maintains a list containing a last location record sequence number received from each location processor, and wherein the centralized database system sends this sequence number to the location processor upon initial connection.

10. A centralized database system as recited in claim 1, wherein the centralized database system maintains a protocol with the location processor whereby the location processor sends each location record with a unique identifier.

11. A centralized database system as recited in claim 1, wherein the processes include a Tasking process that controls a tasking list within the wireless location system, wherein the tasking list comprises a list of trigger criteria that determines which wireless transmitters will be located.

12. A centralized database system as recited in claim 11, wherein the tasking list further comprises a list of trigger criteria that determines which applications created the tasking list criteria.

13. A centralized database system as recited in claim 11, wherein the tasking list further comprises a master list of trigger criteria that determines which applications can receive location record information.

14. A centralized database system as recited in claim 11, wherein the Tasking process includes a separate thread for each location processor, with which the Tasking process synchronizes the tasking list with a Signal of Interest Table on each location processor, and wherein the Tasking process sends trigger criteria to the Signal of Interest Table.

15. A centralized database system as recited in claim 11, wherein the tasking list permits wireless transmitters to be located based upon Mobile Identity Number (MIN).

16. A centralized database system as recited in claim 11, wherein the tasking list permits wireless transmitters to be located based upon Mobile Station Identifier (MSID), Temporary Mobile Station Identifier (TMSI), or International Mobile Station Identifier (IMSI).

17. A centralized database system as recited in claim 11, wherein the tasking list permits wireless transmitters to be located based upon Electronic Serial Number (ESN).

18. A centralized database system as recited in claim 11, wherein the tasking list permits wireless transmitters to be located based upon dialed digits.

19. A centralized database system as recited in claim 11, wherein the tasking list permits wireless transmitters to be located based upon home System ID (SID).

20. A centralized database system as recited in claim 11, further comprising a mechanism that supports the use of wildcards for trigger criteria in the tasking list.

21. A centralized database system as recited in claim 11, wherein the tasking list permits wireless transmitters to be located based upon originating cell site and sector.

22. A centralized database system as recited in claim 11, wherein the tasking list permits wireless transmitters to be located based upon originating RF channel.

23. A centralized database system as recited in claim 11, wherein the tasking list permits wireless transmitters to be located based upon message type.

24. A centralized database system as recited in claim 11, wherein the tasking list permits multiple applications to receive location records from the same wireless transmitter.

25. A centralized database system as recited in claim 11, wherein the tasking list contains a plurality of flags and fields for each of a plurality of trigger criteria.

26. A centralized database system as recited in claim 25, wherein one of said flags specifies a maximum time limit before which the wireless location system is to provide a rough or final location estimate.

27. A centralized database system as recited in claim 25, wherein one of said flags allows location processing to be disabled for a particular one of said trigger criteria.

28. A centralized database system as recited in claim 25, wherein one of the fields contains authentication data to restrict the ability of an operator to make changes to the criteria for a particular trigger.

29. A centralized database system as recited in claim 25, wherein one of the fields contains data concerning a location grade of service associated with the trigger criteria, wherein the grade of service data indicates at least one of:

(a) an accuracy level desired for location processing associated with a particular trigger criterion, and (b) a priority level desired for location processing associated with a particular trigger criterion.

30. A centralized database system as recited in claim 11, wherein the Tasking process supports dynamic tasking by automatically placing into the tasking list, for a period of time, the M1N, ESN, MSID, TMSI, or IMSI of any wireless transmitter that has dialed an emergency number.

31. A centralized database system as recited in claim 30, wherein the dynamic tasking process automatically removes from the tasking list any MIN, ESN, MSID, TMSI, or IMSI that had been automatically placed onto the tasking list after the wireless transmitter had dialed an emergency number.

32. A centralized database system as recited in claim 11, wherein the Tasking process operates as a server for receiving tasking requests from other applications, wherein such other applications can either place or remove trigger criteria.

33. A centralized database system as recited in claim 32, wherein the Tasking process conducts an authentication process with each application to verify that that the application has been authorized to place or remove trigger criteria.

34. A centralized database system as recited in claim 1, wherein the processes include a 911 interface process that manages each interface between the wireless location system and E911 network elements.

35. A centralized database system as recited in claim 34, wherein the E911 network elements include at least one of the following elements:

tandem switches, selective routers, ALI databases and PSAPs.

38. A centralized database system as recited in claim 34, wherein the centralized database system includes a dynamic routing means, including a dynamic routing table, for determining, when the 911 interface process is connected to multiple E911 networks elements, to which E911 network element to provide a location record.

40. A centralized database system as recited in claim 1, wherein the centralized database system further includes means for automatically sending an alert when a particular wireless transmitter has entered or exited a prescribed geographic area.

41. A centralized database system as recited in claim 6, wherein the processes include a Database Receive process that receives location records from the Dispatcher process via shared memory, and places the location records into a location database.

42. A centralized database system as recited in claim 41, wherein the Database Receive process starts multiple threads that each retrieve location records from shared memory, validates each record before inserting the records into the database, and then inserts the records into a current location record partition.

45. A centralized database system as recited in claim 11, wherein the processes include a centralized database system Tasking Synchronization process running on each of a primary and redundant centralized database system, wherein the Tasking Synchronization process synchronizes tasking information between the primary centralized database system and the redundant centralized database system.

46. A centralized database system as recited in claim 45, wherein the Tasking Synchronization process on the primary centralized database system receives tasking information from the Tasking process, and then sends the tasking information to the Tasking Synchronization process on the redundant centralized database system.

47. A centralized database system as recited in claim 1, wherein the processes include a Configuration Synchronization process running on each of a primary and redundant centralized database system, wherein the Configuration Synchronization process synchronizes configuration information between the primary centralized database system and the redundant centralized database system.

48. A centralized database system as recited in claim 1, wherein the centralized database system supports roaming between wireless location systems located in different geographic areas or operated by different wireless carriers, and wherein the centralized database system can exchange trigger criteria between a first wireless location system and a second wireless location system.

49. A centralized database system as recited in claim 48, wherein the centralized database system contains a table in which a list of valid home subscriber identities is maintained.

50. A centralized database system as recited in claim 49, wherein, when a wireless transmitter meeting home criteria makes a transmission, the wireless location system checks trigger information in a signal of interest table (SOIT) and, if any trigger criterion is met, begins location processing for that transmission.

54. A centralized database system as recited in claim 1, wherein the wireless location system is capable of independently detecting and demodulating wireless transmissions, and a single wireless transmission can be detected and successfully demodulated at multiple signal collection sites;

and further comprising a mechanism to detect when a particular transmission has been detected and demodulated at more than one site, and to select a best demodulating site as a starting point for location processing with respect to the particular transmission.

55. A centralized database system as recited in claim 1, wherein the wireless communication system with which the wireless location system communicates via said interface includes at least one of a mobile switching center (MSC) and a mobile positioning controller (MPC).

56. A centralized database system as recited in claim 1, wherein the protocol is one of:

IS-41, TCP/IP.

57. A centralized database system as recited in claim 1, wherein the interface provides a means for the wireless location system to obtain information about which wireless transmitters have been assigned particular voice channel parameters.

58. A centralized database system as recited in claim 1, wherein the interface provides a means for the wireless location system to obtain information about which the encryption keys that have been assigned to each of plurality of transmitters.

59. A centralized database system as recited in claim 1, wherein the interface provides a means for the wireless location system to obtain information about which control channels are active at each of a plurality of cell sites.

60. A centralized database system as recited in claim 1, wherein the messages supported by the wireless location system over the interface to the wireless communications system include a query for information concerning the status of a wireless transmitter, wherein the wireless location system initiates the query using certain identifying information and the wireless communications system responds.

61. A centralized database system as recited in claim 60, wherein the identifying information includes at least one member of the group consisting of Mobile Directory Number (MDN), Mobile Identity Number (MTN), Mobile Subscriber Identity (MSID), International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI), and Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity (TMSI).

62. A centralized database system as recited in claim 60, wherein the information returned comprises at least one member of the group consisting of an encryption key, voice channel assignment, long code, and Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity (TMSI).

63. A centralized database system as recited in claim 1, wherein the messages supported by the wireless location system over the interface to the wireless communications system include a query for voice channel assignment, in which, when the wireless location system is triggered to perform location processing on a voice channel transmission, the wireless location system queries the wireless communications system to obtain the current voice channel assignment information for the particular transmitter for which the wireless location system has been triggered.

64. A centralized database system as recited in claim 63, wherein, for an AMPS transmission, the wireless location system queries for the cell site, sector, and RF channel number currently in use by the wireless transmitter.

65. A centralized database system as recited in claim 63, wherein, for a TDMA transmission, the wireless location system queries for the cell site, sector, RF channel number, and timeslot currently in use by the wireless transmitter.

67. A centralized database system as recited in claim 63, wherein the wireless location system, as part of a query, commands the wireless communications system to prevent a handoff from occurring for the particular wireless transmitter during the time period in which the wireless location system is receiving RF data.

69. A centralized database system as recited in claim 1, wherein the wireless location system includes means for receiving a trigger from the wireless communications system to perform location processing on a voice channel transmission.

70. A centralized database system as recited in claim 1, wherein the wireless location system comprises means for causing the wireless communications system to delay responding when a wireless transmitter initiates transmissions on a channel, whereby the wireless transmitter may be caused to begin a sequence of steps in which it increases the power level of its transmissions.

71. A centralized database system as recited in claim 1, wherein the wireless location system comprises a mechanism to command the wireless communications system to transmit a particular message.

72. A centralized database system as recited in claim 71, wherein the particular message includes an audible confirmation tone.

73. A centralized database system as recited in claim 71, wherein the particular message includes a spoken message.

74. A centralized database system as recited in claim 71, wherein the particular message includes a synthesized message to the wireless transmitter.

75. A centralized database system as recited in claim 71, wherein the particular message includes a text message sent via a short messaging service or a page.

76. A centralized database system as recited in claim 1, wherein the centralized database system further comprises a State Table in which the wireless location system continuously maintains a copy of the state and status of wireless transmitters.

77. A centralized database system as recited in claim 75, wherein, for selected air interfaces, the wireless location system keeps identity information obtained from Access bursts in the control channel in the State Table, and this information is used for decoding masks used for voice channels.

36. A centralized database system operatively coupled to a wireless location system including one or more location processors, wherein the wireless location system communicates with a wireless communications system over an interface including a standard secure protocol, the centralized database system comprising:

a computer;

a database; and

a plurality of software processes for use in managing the wireless location system, providing interfaces to external users and applications, and storing location records and configuration information wherein the processes include a 911 interface process that manages each interface between the wireless location system and E911 network elements; and

wherein the E911 network elements include at least one of the following elements;

tandem switches, selective routers, ALI databases and PSAPs;

wherein the wireless location system supports command/response and informational messages communicated over said interface, wherein the messages aid in the detection, demodulation and triggering of wireless transmissions, and in passing location records to the wireless communications system;

wherein the software processes include a Dispatcher process that receives location records from the location processors and forwards the location records to other processes; and

wherein, when the Dispatch process forwards a location record to the 911 interface process, the 911 interface process makes a routing determination and forwards the location record over an appropriate interface to an appropriate E911 network element.

37. A centralized database system operatively coupled to a wireless location system including one or more location processors, wherein the wireless location system communicates with a wireless communications system over an interface including a standard secure protocol, the centralized database system comprising:

a computer;

a database; and

a plurality of software processes for use in managing the wireless location system, providing interfaces to external users and applications, and storing location records and configuration information;

wherein the wireless location system supports command/response and informational messages communicated over said interface, wherein the messages aid in the detection, demodulation and triggering of wireless transmissions, and in passing location records to the wireless communications system;

wherein the processes include a tasking process that controls a tasking list within the wireless location system, wherein the tasking list comprises a list of trigger criteria that determines which wireless transmitters will be located, and wherein the tasking list contains a plurality of flags and fields for each of a plurality of trigger criteria; and

wherein the centralized database system supports push modes of providing location records to applications, wherein applications requesting push mode receive a location record as soon as it is available from the centralized database system, and wherein the centralized database system supports pull modes of providing location records to applications, wherein applications requesting pull mode must send a query to the centralized database system regarding a particular wireless transmitter in order to receive a location record, wherein the query from the application can specify any one of;

(a) the last location record, (b) a series of location records, and (c) all location records meeting specific criteria.

39. A centralized database system operatively coupled to a wireless location system including one or more location processors, wherein the wireless location system communicates with a wireless communications system over an interface including a standard secure protocol, the centralized database system comprising:

a computer;

a database; and

a plurality of software processes for use in managing the wireless location system, providing interfaces to external users and applications, and storing location records and configuration information;

wherein the wireless location system supports command/response and informational messages communicated over said interface, wherein the messages aid in the detection, demodulation and triggering of wireless transmissions, and in passing location records to the wireless communications system;

wherein the processes include a 911 interface process that manages each interface between the wireless location system and E911 network elements;

wherein the centralized database system includes a dynamic routing means, including a dynamic routing table, for determining, when the 911 interface process is connected to multiple E911 networks elements, to which E911 network element to provide a location record; and

wherein, when the 911 interface process receives a “

911”

location record for a specific wireless transmitter, the 911 interface process converts latitude and longitude information into an address of a specific cell in the dynamic routing table, whereby the cell may be queried to determine routing instructions, including the identity of an E911 network element responsible for serving the geographic area in which the “

911”

call occurred.

43. A centralized database system operatively coupled to a wireless location system including one or more location processors, wherein the wireless location system communicates with a wireless communications system over an interface including a standard secure protocol, the centralized database system comprising:

a computer;

a database; and

a plurality of software processes for use in managing the wireless location system, providing interfaces to external users and applications, and storing location records and configuration information;

wherein the wireless location system supports command/response and informational messages communicated over said interface, wherein the messages aid in the detection, demodulation and triggering of wireless transmissions, and in passing location records to the wireless communications system; and

wherein the processes include a Location Synchronization process running on each of a primary and redundant centralized database system, wherein the Location Synchronization process detects the need to synchronize location records between centralized database systems, and then creates records that list the location records that need to be transferred from one centralized database system to another centralized database system.

44. A centralized database system as recited in claim 43, wherein the Location Synchronization process compares location record partitions and location record sequence numbers stored in each location database.

51. A centralized database system operatively coupled to a wireless location system including one or more location processors, wherein the wireless location system communicates with a wireless communications system over an interface including a standard secure protocol, the centralized database system comprising:

a computer;

a database; and

a plurality of software processes for use in managing the wireless location system, providing interfaces to external users and applications, and storing location records and configuration information;

wherein the wireless location system supports command/response and informational messages communicated over said interface, wherein the messages aid in the detection, demodulation and triggering of wireless transmissions, and in passing location records to the wireless communications system;

wherein the centralized database system supports roaming between wireless location systems located in different geographic areas or operated by different wireless carriers, and wherein the centralized database system can exchange trigger criteria between a first wireless location system and a second wireless location system;

wherein the centralized database system contains a table in which a list of valid home subscriber identities is maintained; and

wherein, when a wireless transmitter meeting home criteria makes a transmission, the wireless location system checks trigger information in a signal of interest table (SOIT) and, if any trigger criterion is met, begins location processing for that transmission; and

wherein, when a first wireless transmitter not meeting the home criterion makes a transmission in a second wireless location system with a second centralized database system and SOIT, the second wireless location system checks its SOIT for a trigger and if the transmission meets an existing criterion in the SOIT, the transmitter is located and a location record is forwarded from the second wireless location system to the centralized database system in the first wireless location system.

52. A centralized database system operatively coupled to a wireless location system including one or more location processors, wherein the wireless location system communicates with a wireless communications system over an interface including a standard secure protocol, the centralized database system comprising:

a computer;

a database; and

a plurality of software processes for use in managing the wireless location system, providing interfaces to external users and applications, and storing location records and configuration information

wherein the wireless location system supports command/response and informational messages communicated over said interface, wherein the messages aid in the detection, demodulation and triggering of wireless transmissions, and in passing location records to the wireless communications system;

wherein the centralized database system supports roaming between wireless location systems located in different geographic areas or operated by different wireless carriers, and wherein the centralized database system can exchange trigger criteria between a first wireless location system and a second wireless location system;

wherein the centralized database system contains a table in which a list of valid home subscriber identities is maintained; and

wherein, when a wireless transmitter meeting home criteria makes a transmission, the wireless location system checks trigger information in a signal of interest table (SOIT) and, if any trigger criterion is met, begins location processing for that transmission; and

wherein, when a first wireless transmitter not meeting the home criterion makes a transmission in a second wireless location system with a second centralized database system and SOIT, the second wireless location system checks its SOIT for a trigger and if the first wireless transmitter has a “

roamer”

entry in the SOIT indicating that the first wireless transmitter has registered in the second wireless location system but has no trigger criterion, then the transmission is not processed by the second wireless location system.

53. A centralized database system as recited in claim 52, wherein roamer entries are assigned an expiration timestamp set to the current time plus a predetermined first interval.

66. A centralized database system operatively coupled to a wireless location system including one or more location processors, wherein the wireless location system communicates with a wireless communications system over an interface including a standard secure protocol, the centralized database system comprising:

a computer;

a database; and

a plurality of software processes for use in managing the wireless location system, providing interfaces to external users and applications, and storing location records and configuration information;

wherein the wireless location system supports command/response and informational messages communicated over said interface, wherein the messages aid in the detection, demodulation and triggering of wireless transmissions, and in passing location records to the wireless communications system;

wherein the messages supported by the wireless location system over the interface to the wireless communications system include a query for voice channel assignment, in which, when the wireless location system is triggered to perform location processing on a voice channel transmission, the wireless location system queries the wireless communications system to obtain the current voice channel assignment information for the particular transmitter for which the wireless location system has been triggered; and

wherein, to ensure that the identity of the wireless transmitter and the voice channel assignment information are in synchronization, the wireless location system queries the voice channel assignment information for a particular wireless transmitter, receives the necessary RF data, then again queries the voice channel assignment information for that same wireless transmitter, and then verify that the status of the wireless transmitter did not change during the time in which the RF data was being collected by the wireless location system.

68. A centralized database system operatively coupled to a wireless location system including one or more location processors, wherein the wireless location system communicates with a wireless communications system over an interface including a standard secure protocol, the centralized database system comprising:

a computer;

a database; and

a plurality of software processes for use in managing the wireless location system, providing interfaces to external users and applications, and storing location records and configuration information;

wherein the wireless location system supports command/response and informational messages communicated over said interface, wherein the messages aid in the detection, demodulation and triggering of wireless transmissions, and in passing location records to the wireless communications system; and

wherein the wireless location system uses the command/response message set to query the wireless communications system about the identity of a wireless transmitter that had been using a particular voice channel at a particular cell site at a particular time, whereby the wireless location system is enabled to first perform location processing on transmissions without knowing the identities, and then later to determine the identity of the wireless transmitters making the transmissions and append this information to the location record.

78. A centralized database system operatively coupled to a wireless location system including one or more location processors, wherein the wireless location system communicates with a wireless communications system over an interface including a standard secure protocol, the centralized database system comprising:

a computer;

a database; and

a plurality of software processes for use in managing the wireless location system, providing interfaces to external users and applications, and storing location records and configuration information;

wherein the wireless location system supports command/response and informational messages communicated over said interface, wherein the messages aid in the detection, demodulation and triggering of wireless transmissions, and in passing location records to the wireless communications system;

wherein the centralized database system further comprises a State Table in which the wireless location system continuously maintains a copy of the state and status of wireless transmitters;

wherein, for selected air interfaces, the wireless location system keeps identity information obtained from Access bursts in the control channel in the State Table, and this information is used for decoding masks used for voice channels; and

wherein the selected air interfaces include a CDMA air interface protocol, and the wireless location system uses an Electronic Serial Number (ESN) of the wireless transmitter to, in part, determine a long code mask used in the coding of voice channel transmissions;

wherein at least one of the LSN and long code mask is maintained in the State Table for entries in the Tasking List.