Loop-shaped ultrasound generator and use in reaction systems
First Claim
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1. Apparatus for generating ultrasonic vibration, said apparatus comprising:
- an ultrasonic horn,a loop-shaped ultrasonic transducer of magnetostrictive material operatively joined to said ultrasonic horn to generate mechanical vibrations and to transmit vibrations so generated to said ultrasonic horn, said ultrasonic transducer comprised of a plurality of plates of magnetostrictive material alternating with layers of dielectric material and wound with drive coils arranged to produce magnetostrictive forces in said ultrasonic transducer in response to voltages applied across said drive coils, anda power source for imposing a periodically varying voltage across said drive coils.
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Abstract
Ultrasound for use in chemical reactions is generated by an electromagnet formed from an ultrasound transducer whose central feature is a loop of magnetostrictive material wound with coils oriented to produce an oscillating magnetostrictive force when an oscillating voltage is applied. The oscillations in the transducer loop are transmitted to an ultrasonic horn that is immersed in a reaction medium where the ultrasonic vibrations are transmitted directly to the reaction mixture.
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Citations
40 Claims
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1. Apparatus for generating ultrasonic vibration, said apparatus comprising:
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an ultrasonic horn, a loop-shaped ultrasonic transducer of magnetostrictive material operatively joined to said ultrasonic horn to generate mechanical vibrations and to transmit vibrations so generated to said ultrasonic horn, said ultrasonic transducer comprised of a plurality of plates of magnetostrictive material alternating with layers of dielectric material and wound with drive coils arranged to produce magnetostrictive forces in said ultrasonic transducer in response to voltages applied across said drive coils, and a power source for imposing a periodically varying voltage across said drive coils. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
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15. A flow-through reactor for the continuous treatment of a liquid material with ultrasound, said flow-through reactor comprising:
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a reaction vessel with entry and exit ports, an ultrasonic horn mounted to said reaction vessel and extending into the interior thereof, a loop-shaped ultrasonic transducer of magnetostrictive material operatively joined to said ultrasonic horn to generate mechanical vibrations and to transmit vibrations so generated to said ultrasonic horn, said ultrasonic transducer comprised of a plurality of plates of magnetostrictive material alternating with layers of dielectric material and wound with drive coils arranged to produce magnetostrictive forces in said ultrasonic transducer in response to voltages applied across said drive coils, and a power source for imposing a periodically varying voltage across said drive coils. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28)
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29. A method for performing a chemical reaction enhanced by ultrasound, said method comprising:
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passing material to be reacted, in liquid form, through an ultrasound chamber in which said material is exposed to ultrasound generated by an ultrasonic transducer comprising a loop-shaped ultrasonic horn of magnetostrictive material operatively joined to said ultrasonic horn to generate mechanical vibrations and to transmit vibrations so generated to said ultrasonic horn, said ultrasonic transducer comprised of a plurality of plates of magnetostrictive material alternating with layers of dielectric material and wound with drive coils arranged to produce magnetostrictive forces in said ultrasonic transducer in response to voltages applied across said drive coils, while imposing a periodically varying voltage across said drive coils. - View Dependent Claims (30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40)
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Specification