Compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins

• US 7,279,451 B2
• Filed: 04/29/2004
• Issued: 10/09/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 10/25/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.
• Original Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.
• Inventors: Singh, Rajiv R., Pham, Hang T., Shankland, Ian
• Primary Examiner(s): Zemel; Irina S
• Application Number:
  US10/837,525
• Publication Number:
  US 20040256594A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,258 Days
• Field of Search: 510/407, 510/408, 510/410, 510/411, 510/415, 510/412
• US Class Current: 510/412
• CPC Class Codes: A01N 29/00 Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing halogenated hydrocarbons
• CPC Class Codes: A23L 27/202 Aliphatic compounds
• CPC Class Codes: A23V 2002/00 Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 47/06 Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/008 comprising drug dissolved or suspended in liquid propellant for inhalation via a pressurized metered dose inhaler [MDI]
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2/18 Liquid substances or solutions comprising solids or dissolved gases
• CPC Class Codes: A62D 1/00 Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires fireproof paints C09D5/18; fireproofing materials C09K21/00
• CPC Class Codes: A62D 1/0028 Liquid extinguishing substances A62D1/0092 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A62D 1/0057 Polyhaloalkanes A62D1/005 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 31/0231 Halogen-containing compounds
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 37/03 Precipitation; Co-precipitation
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 37/035 Precipitation on carriers
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 21/18 containing fluorine
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 2203/164 Perhalogenated unsaturated hydrocarbons, e.g. F2C=CF2
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 2207/04 Aerosol, e.g. polyurethane foam spray
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 2325/06 Polystyrene
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 9/146 only fluorine as halogen atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 7/20 Diluents or solvents
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 21/08 containing halogen
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 2205/12 Hydrocarbons
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 2205/126 : Unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbons
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 2205/22 : All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 2205/24 : Only one single fluoro component present
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 3/00 : Materials not provided for elsewhere
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 3/30 : for aerosols aerosol containers B65D83/14
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 5/045 : containing only fluorine as halogen
• CPC Class Codes: C11B 9/0007 : Aliphatic compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C11D 17/0043 : For use with aerosol devices
• CPC Class Codes: C11D 2111/22 : Electronic devices, e.g. PCBs or semiconductors
• CPC Class Codes: C11D 3/245 : containing fluorine
• CPC Class Codes: Y02A 40/963 : Off-grid food refrigeration

Abstract

The use to e of tetrafluoropropenes, particularly (HFO-1234) in a variety of applications, including refrigeration equipment, is disclosed. These materials are generally useful as refrigerants for heating and cooling, as blowing agents, as aerosol propellants, as solvent composition, and as fire extinguishing and suppressing agents.

Claims

1. A heat transfer composition comprising:

(a) at least one fluoroalkene of Formula II;

2. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 wherein n is 0.

3. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 wherein n is 1.

4. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 wherein said at least one fluoroalkene comprises HFO-1234yf.

5. The heat transfer composition of claim 4 wherein said at least one fluoroalkene further comprises at least one pentafluoropropene (HFO-1225).

6. The heat transfer composition of claim 4 wherein said at least one fluoroalkene consists essentially of HFO-1234yf.

7. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 further comprising lubricant.

8. The heat transfer composition of claim 7, wherein said lubricant is present in the composition in an amount of from about 30 to about 50% by weight of the composition based on the total weight of said lubricant and said compound(s) of Formula II.

9. The composition of claim 7 wherein said lubricant is selected from the group consisting of polyol esters, poly alkylene glycols, polyalkylene silicon oils, mineral oils, alkyl benzenes, poy(alpha-olefins) and combinations of these.

10. The composition of claim 7 wherein said lubricant comprises at least one polyalkylene glycol.

11. The composition of claim 7 wherein said lubricant comprises polyalkylene glycol ester.

12. The composition of claim 1 further comprising a solubilizing agent.

13. The composition of claim 1 further comprising a compatibilizer.

14. The composition of claim 13 wherein said compatibilizer comprises propane.

15. The composition of claim 13 wherein said compatibilizer comprises butane.

16. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 having a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of not greater than about 150.

17. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 having a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of not greater than about 75.

18. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 having an ODP of not greater than about 0.05.

19. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 having an ODP of not greater than about 0.02.

20. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 having an ODP of not greater than about zero.

21. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 wherein said compound of Formula II is present in the composition in an amount of from about 5% by weight to about 95% by weight.

22. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 wherein said compound of Formula II is present in the composition in an amount of at least about 50% by weight.

23. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 wherein said compound of Formula II is present in the composition in an amount of at least about 70% by weight.

24. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 further comprising one or more of the following:

difluoromethane (HFC-32);

pentafluoroethane (HFC-125);

1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-1

     34);

1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a);

difluoroethane (HFC-152a);

1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptaflu oropropane (HFC-227ea);

1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane (HFC-236fa);

1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245fa);

1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc);

water; and

CO₂.

25. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 further comprising a flammability suppressant.

26. The heat transfer composition of claim 25 wherein said flammability suppressant comprises CF₃I.

27. The heat transfer composition of claim 7 wherein said lubricant comprises an alkyl benzene.

28. The heat transfer composition of claim 7 wherein said lubricant comprises an ester oil.

29. The heat transfer composition of claim 7 wherein said lubricant comprises a poly(alpha-olefin) oil.

30. The heat transfer composition of claim 7 wherein said composition has one liquid phase at at least one temperature between about −

50°

C. and +70°

C.

31. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 further comprising lubricant and being stable when in contact with aluminum, steel and copper under the conditions of use in refrigeration and air conditioning systems.

32. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 wherein said fluoroalkene comprises HFO-1225ye.

33. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 further comprising a surfactant and a solubilizing agent.

34. The heat transfer composition of claim 7 further comprising a surfactant and a solubilizing agent.

35. A refrigerant according to the composition of claim 1.

36. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 further comprising a compatibilizer present in the composition in an amount of from about 0.5 to about 5 percent by weight of the composition.

37. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 comprising from about 5% by weight to about 95% by weight of HFO-1234yf.

38. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 wherein said compound of Formula (II) comprises HFO-1225.

39. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 wherein said at least one fluoroalkene consists essentially of HFO-1225ye.

40. A refrigeration fluid comprising the heat transfer composition of claim 1 and further comprising a lubricant soluble in said refrigeration fluid.

41. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 wherein R is H or F.

42. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 wherein each R is H or F.

43. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 wherein n is 1 and wherein at least one of said Rs is F.

44. The heat transfer composition of claim 43 wherein each R is H or F.

45. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 having a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of not greater than about 150 and an Ozone Depleting Potential (ODP) of not greater than about 0.05.

46. The composition of claim 45 having an Ozone Depleting Potential (ODP) of not greater than about 0.02.

47. The heat transfer composition of claim 45 having a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of not greater than about 75.

48. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 wherein said compound of Formula (II) has a low level of toxicity.

49. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 comprising from about 5% by weight to about 99% by weight of HFO-1225ye.

50. The heat transfer composition of claim 1 comprising from about 5% by weight to about 95% by weight of HFO-1225ye.