Stationary computed tomography system and method

• US 7,280,631 B2
• Filed: 04/01/2004
• Issued: 10/09/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 11/26/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Basu, Samit Kumar, Edic, Peter Michael, Senzig, Robert Franklin, Wu, Xiaoye, Vermilyea, Mark Ernest, De Man, Bruno Kristiaan Bernard, Wilson, Colin Richard, Ross, William Robert, Saragnese, Eugene Lino
• Primary Examiner(s): SONG, HOON K
• Application Number:
  US10/816,064
• Publication Number:
  US 20050111610A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,286 Days
• Field of Search: 378 4- 20, 378/124, 378/135, 378/137, 378/122
• US Class Current: 378/10
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/027 characterised by the use of a particular data acquisition trajectory, e.g. helical or spiral
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/03 Computed tomography [CT] echo-tomography A61B8/14
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/032 Transmission computed tomography [CT]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/4014 arranged in multiple source-detector units
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/4275 using a detector unit almost surrounding the patient, e.g. more than 180°
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2223/419 computed tomograph
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 23/046 using tomography, e.g. computed tomography [CT]
• CPC Class Codes: G01T 1/2985 In depth localisation, e.g. using positron emitters; Tomographic imaging (longitudinal and transverse section imaging; apparatus for radiation diagnosis sequentially in different planes, steroscopic radiation diagnosis); using external radiation sources A61B6/02

Abstract

Configurations for stationary imaging systems are provided. The configurations may include combinations of various types of distributed sources of X-ray radiation, which generally include addressable emitter elements which may be triggered for emission in desired sequences and combinations. The sources may be ring-like, partial ring-like, or line-like (typically along a Z-axis), and so forth. Combinations of these are envisaged. Corresponding detectors may also be full ring detectors or partial ring detectors associated with the sources to provide sufficient coverage of imaging volumes and to provide the desired mathematical completeness of the collected data.

Claims

1. A volumetric stationary CT system comprising:

at least one stationary detector extending generally around at least a portion of an imaging volume;

at least one stationary distributed X-ray source placed proximal to the at least one stationary detector; and

a source controller for triggering one or more emitters in the at least one stationary distributed X-ray source for acquiring volumetric data by the at least one stationary detector,

wherein the at least one stationary detector and the at least one stationary distributed X-ray source are configured to cooperate to contribute towards mathematical completeness of acquired volumetric data for image reconstruction, and

wherein the at least one stationary distributed X-ray source includes at least two full ring sources, wherein the at least one stationary detector includes a pair of ring detectors and wherein at least one ring source of the at least two full ring sources is positioned between the pair of ring detectors.

2. The system of claim 1 further comprising one or more line sources extending at least along a Z-direction to increase mathematical completeness in acquired volumetric data for image reconstruction.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one stationary detector includes one or more ring detectors placed between two or more ring sources.

4. The system of claim 3 further comprising one or more line sources extending at least along a Z-direction to increase mathematical completeness in acquired volumetric data for image reconstruction.

5. The system of claim 3, wherein the at least one stationary detector comprises one full ring detector placed between two full ring sources.

6. The system of claim 5 further comprising one or more line sources extending at least along a Z-direction to increase mathematical completeness in acquired volumetric data for image reconstruction.

7. The system of claim 3, wherein the at least two ring sources are placed immediately adjacent to the stationary detector and additional ring sources are placed at spaced-apart locations on elmer aide thereof.

8. The system of claim 7 further comprising one or more line sources extending at least along a Z-direction to increase mathematical completeness in acquired volumetric data for image reconstruction.

9. The system of claim 3, wherein the two or more ring sources include a plurality of spaced-apart ring sources for emitting radiation, and the at least one stationary detector includes a plurality of ring detectors being positioned between the spaced-apart ring sources for receiving the radiation.

10. The system of claim 9 further comprising two or more line sources extending at least along a Z-direction to increase mathematical completeness in acquired volumetric data for image reconstruction.

11. The system of claim 1 further comprising one or more partial ring sources and wherein the at least one stationary detector includes one or more ring detectors positioned between two or more ring sources and includes the one or more partial ring sources.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one stationary detector includes one or more ring detectors positioned between two or more ring sources, wherein the one or more ring detectors and the two or more ring sources comprise different diameters for permitting a telescoping movement of the one or more ring detectors with the two or more ring sources.

13. The system of claim 1 further comprising detector elements having varying resolutions and towing the at least one stationary detector, wherein the at least one stationary detector extends generally around a portion of an inner surface of the volumetric stationary CT system.

14. A volumetric stationary CT system comprising:

at least one stationary detector extending generally around at least a portion of an imaging volume;

at least one stationary distributed X-ray source placed proximal to the at least one stationary detector;

one or more line sources extending at least along a Z-direction; and

a source controller for triggering one or more emitters in the at least one stationary distributed X-ray source for acquiring volumetric data by the at least one stationary detector,

wherein the at least one stationary detector, the at least one stationary distributed X-ray source, and the one or more line sources are configured to cooperate to contribute towards mathematical completeness of acquired volumetric data for image reconstruction.

15. A volumetric stationary CT system comprising:

at least one stationary ring detector extending generally around at least a portion of an imaging volume;

more than one partial ring sources flanking the at least one stationary ring detector on alternating sides of the at least one stationary ring detector and configured to emit radiation toward the ring detector; and

a source controller for triggering one or more emitters in the more than one partial ring sources for acquiring volumetric data by the at least one stationary ring detector,

wherein the at least one stationary ring detector, and the more than one partial ring sources are configured to cooperate to contribute towards mathematical completeness of acquired volumetric data for image reconstruction.

16. The system of claim 15 further comprising one or more line sources extending at least along a Z-direction to increase mathematical completeness in acquired volumetric data for image reconstruction.

17. The system of claim 15, wherein the at least one stationary ring detector includes one or more notched detectors.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein the one or more notched detectors include a partial ring detector, and wherein the more than one partial ring sources extend within notches of the partial ring detector.

19. The system of claim 17 further comprising one or more line sources extending at least along a Z-direction to increase mathematical completeness in acquired volumetric data for image reconstruction.

20. The system of claim 17, wherein the one or more notched detectors include at least two notched detectors for receiving the more than one partial ring sources and configured to be combined along the Z-direction to generally surround the imaging volume.

21. The system of claim 20 further comprising one or more line sources extending at least along a Z-direction to increase mathematical completeness in acquired volumetric data for image reconstruction.

22. A volumetric stationary CT system comprising:

at least one stationary detector extending generally around at least a portion of an imaging volume;

at least one stationary distributed X-ray source placed proximal to the at least one stationary detector; and

a source controller for triggering one or more emitters in the at least one stationary distributed X-ray source for acquiring volumetric data by the at least one stationary detector,

wherein the at least one stationary detector and the at least one stationary distributed X-ray source are configured to cooperate to contribute towards mathematical completeness of acquired volumetric data for image reconstruction, wherein the at least one stationary detector includes a helical detector, and wherein the at least one stationary distributed X-ray source includes a helical source placed adjacent to the helical detector.

23. The system of claim 22, wherein at least one of the helical source and the helical detector forms a plurality of turns around the imaging volume.

24. An X-ray imaging system for scanning a volume to be imaged, the system comprising:

at least one stationary distributed X-ray source extending generally around at least a portion of an imaging volume and configured to emanate an X-ray radiation;

at least one stationary detector for receiving the X-ray radiation after attenuation in the imaging volume and placed proximal to the at least one stationary distributed X-ray source;

a control circuit operably coupled to the at least one distributed X-ray source, wherein the control circuit is configured for triggering one or more emitters in the at least one stationary distributed X-ray source for acquiring volumetric data by the at least one stationary detector;

a processing circuit operably coupled to the at least one detector and configured to receive the plurality of projection images and to form one or more reconstructed slices representative of the volume being imaged; and

an operator workstation operably coupled to the processing circuit configured to display the one or more reconstructed slices,

wherein the at least one stationary detector and the at least one stationary distributed X-ray source are configured to cooperate to contribute towards mathematical completeness of acquired volumetric data for image reconstruction,

wherein the at least one stationary distributed X-ray source includes at least two full ring sources, wherein the at least one stationary detector includes a pair of ring detectors and wherein at least one ring source of the two or more full ring sources is positioned between the pair of ring detectors.

25. The system of claim 24 further comprising one or more line sources extending at least along a Z-direction to increase mathematical completeness in acquired volumetric data for image reconstruction.

26. The system of claim 24, wherein the at least one stationary detector includes one or more ring detectors placed between two or more ring sources.

27. The system of claim 26, wherein the at least one stationary detector comprises one full ring detector placed between two full ring sources.

28. The system of claim 26, wherein the at least two ring sources are placed immediately adjacent to the stationary detector and additional ring sources at spaced-apart locations on either side thereof.

29. The system of claim 26, wherein the two or more ring sources include a plurality of spaced-apart ring sources for emitting radiation, and the at least one stationary detector includes a plurality of ring detectors being positioned between the spaced-apart ring sources for receiving the radiation.

30. The system of claim 24 further comprising one or more partial ring sources and wherein the at least one stationary detector includes one or more ring detectors positioned between two or more ring sources and includes one or more partial ring sources.

31. The system of claim 24, wherein the at least one stationary detector includes one or more ring detectors positioned between two or more ring sources, wherein the one or more ring detectors and the two or more ring sources comprise different diameters for permitting a telescoping movement of the one or more ring detectors with the two or more ring sources.

32. The system of claim 24 further comprising one or more line sources extending at least along a Z-direction to increase mathematical completeness in acquired volumetric data for image reconstruction.

33. The system of claim 24, wherein the at least one stationary detector includes a ring detector and wherein the at least one stationary distributed X-ray source includes one or more partial ring sources flanking the ring detector on alternating sides of the ring detector and configured to emit radiation toward the ring detector.

34. The system of claim 24, wherein the at least one stationary distributed X-ray source includes one or more partial ring sources and wherein the at least one stationary detector includes one or more notched detectors.

35. The system of claim 24, wherein the at least one stationary detector includes a helical detector, and wherein the at least one stationary distributed X-ray source includes a helical source placed adjacent to the helical detector.

36. A method of X-ray imaging comprising:

providing at least one stationary detector extending generally around at least a portion of an imaging volume;

providing at least one stationary distributed X-ray source placed adjacent to the at least one detector configured to emit radiation toward the detector;

providing a source controller for triggering one or more emitters in the at least one stationary distributed X-ray source for acquiring volumetric data by the at least one stationary detector, wherein the at least one stationary detector and the at least one stationary distributed X-ray source are configured to cooperate to contribute towards mathematical completeness of acquired volumetric data for image reconstruction; and

measuring additional data by employing line sources.

37. A method of X-ray imaging comprising:

providing at least one stationary detector extending generally around at least a portion of an imaging volume;

providing at least one stationary distributed X-ray source placed adjacent to the at least one detector configured to emit radiation toward the detector;

providing a source controller for triggering one or more emitters in the at least one stationary distributed X-ray source for acquiring volumetric data by the at least one stationary detector,

wherein the at least one stationary detector and the at least one stationary distributed X-ray source are configured to cooperate to contribute towards mathematical completeness of acquired volumetric data for image reconstruction; and

providing one or more ring detectors placed between two or more ring sources.

38. The method of claim 37 wherein at least one of a source and a detector is configured to make a telescopic movement for allowing adaptive Z-coverage.

39. A volumetric stationary CT system comprising:

at least two stationary detectors extending generally around at least a portion of an imaging volume;

at least one stationary distributed X-ray source placed proximal to the at least two stationary detectors;

a source controller for triggering one or more emitters in the at least one stationary distributed X-ray source for acquiring volumetric data by the at least two stationary detectors,

wherein the at least two stationary detectors and the at least one stationary distributed X-ray source are configured to cooperate to contribute towards mathematical completeness of acquired volumetric data for image reconstruction; and

one or more line sources extending at least along a Z-direction to increase mathematical completeness in acquired volumetric data for image reconstruction.